• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.57-70
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• 2012

Objective : This study was to evaluate the effects of a Neurofeedback(NFB) and Computer Assisted Cognitive Rehabilitation(CACR) training to improve on cognition and affected arm function in stroke subjects. Methods : Participants were randomly allocated to three groups: NFB(n=14), CACR(n=14) and control(n=16). All groups received occupational therapy and physical therapy for 5 session 30 minutes per week during 6 weeks. Also NFB and CACR group practiced additional NeuroComp training and RehaCom training for 30 sessions 30 minutes during 6 weeks. Results were evaluated by cognition, affected arm function. Results : There were significantly increased by CACR training that outcomes of MMSE-K(p<.05). And there weren't significantly difference by NFB and CACR training that outcomes of the affected arm function. And a difference between three groups wasn't found. Conclusion : The NFB and CACR training improves cognitive function. These results suggest that NFB and CACR training is feasible and suitable for individuals with stroke.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.68 no.3
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• pp.146-154
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• 2010

Background: The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has become a serious worldwide problem. However, there is insufficient data regarding the current status of MDR-TB and XDR-TB in Korea. This study examined the recent status of MDR- and XDR-TB using the data from 7 laboratories, in which almost all drug susceptibility tests (DST) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were performed. Methods: The patients' identification data and DST results were collected from all 7 laboratories from 2001 to 2006 and the number of patients with MDR-TB and XDR-TB were calculated. Results: The number of DSTs was 140,638 for 6 years with an increasing incidence each year (p<0.001). The number of DST with MDR results was 18,510 and personal identifying information was obtained in 16,640 (89.9%) tests. The number of MDR-TB patients from 2001 to 2006 was 2,329, 2,496, 2,374, 2,300, 2,354, and 2,178, respectively, when counting the duplications in a year as one patient. The number of MDR-TB patients when counting the duplications in 6 years as one patient was 2,281, 1,977, 1,620, 1,446, 1,512, and 1,373, respectively. When the same method was adopted, the number of XDR-TB patients was 191, 238, 282, 260, 272, and 264, respectively, and 189, 150, 130, 90, 122, and 110 patients, respectively. Conclusion: Despite the national efforts to control TB, there are still a large number of MDR- and XDR-TB patients in Korea.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.136-143
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• 2013

In this paper, a algorithm to find joints of a small animal like a lizard from the multiple-view silhouette images is presented. The proposed algorithm is able to calculate the 3D coordinates so that the locomotion of the lizard is markerlessly reconstructed. The silhouette images of the lizard was obtained by a adaptive threshold algorithm. The skeleton image of the silhouette image was obtained by Zhang-Suen method. The back-bone line, head and tail point were detected with the A* search algorithm and the elimination of the ortho-diagonal connection algorithm. Shoulder joints and hip joints of a lizard were found by $3{\times}3$ masking of the thicked back-bone line. Foot points were obtained by morphology calculation. Finally elbow and knee joint were calculated by the ortho distance from the lines of foot points and shoulder/hip joint. The performance of the suggested algorithm was evaluated through the experiment of detecting joints of a small lizard.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.8 s.210
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• pp.141-159
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the current state of wife abuse in Seosan and the relationships between wife abuse and the related variables. A total of 132 couples took part in this study. All couples live in Seosan city, range in age from their 20s to 50s and each couple has at least one child. Stratification sampling method was used to select the couples. They were asked to complete self-report questionnaires. Subjects completed a Korean version of the self- esteem scale, marital conflict scale, communication style scale, family history of violence scale, alcohol dringking, and wife abuse scale. In order to examine the current state of wife abuse, such as, frequency, mean, standard deviation and paired t-test, t-test were calculated and analyzed. Next, to identify differences in wife abuse between the upper group and the lower group, t-test was peformed. Finally, to investigate the relative influences of independent variables upon wife-abuse, multiple regression analysis was peformed. All these analyses were conducted using SPSS 10.0 program. The results were as follows; 1) In terms of the current state of wife abuse, there are three main observations. First, $23\%$ of respondents answered that they had beat their spouse or been beaten by their spouse before and after their marriage. Second, compared with physical violence($2{\~}16\%$), other types of violence such as verbal($7{\~}4\%$), emotional($41{\~}64\%$), economical($3{\~}29\%$) and sexual violence($4{\~}38\%$) were reported to occur more often in these relationships. Third, following the abuse most wives tend to tolerate the situation instead of taking an active action like reporting the abuse to police. 2) As for the husbands, subjects that drank a high level of alcohol, blaming and super-reasonable communication style, and family history of violence reported more frequent cases of wife abuse. As for the wives, subjects with high levels of self-esteem, irrelevant communication style, marital conflict, and family history of violence reported having more cases of that abuse. 3) In the case of husbands, alcohol, communication style and family history of violence explained $40\%$ of wife abuse. In the case of wives, marital conflict and family history of violence explained $77\%$ of their experiences with abuse. This study makes the contribution to aims to develop education programs and family therapy relevant to prevent wife abuse and to reconsider the existing laws governing domestic violence in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.233-240
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• 1982

Some environmental parameters on the shell-fish farms in Deukryang and Gamagyang Bays during summer in 1981 were determined to find an eutrophication level for the conservation of the farm. Chlorophyll-a content in the seawater in the Deukryang Bay in September was $1.0{\sim}5.0{\mu}g/l$ with an average of $2.5{\mu}g/l$ In the superficial bottom muds, contents of COD were 5-10 mg/g, ignition loss $5-9\%$, phaeophytin pigment $2{\sim}5{\mu}g/g$, and sulfide 0.1-0.3 mg/g dry mud in both bays. High contents of both organic matters and sulfide were found in the innermost area of the Deukryang Bay and in the north western part of the Gamagyang Bay. All quantities including chlorphyll-a in the water are little less than or similar to those of Hansan-Geoje Bay, one of the most productive shellfish farms in the southern coastal waters in Korea . Eutrophication on both water and bottom mud was under way like other shellfish farms but pollution indices on the bottom mud calculated from the data of CODs and phaeophytin pigments shelved 6-11, which is much lower than those of Jinhae Bay and of the Hansan-Geoje Bay. This means that the bottom muds are in an early stage of eutrophication, unlike the Jinhae and Hansan-Geoje Bays though the water, similar to the other bays, shows a middle stage of eutrophication.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.476-483
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• 2016

Epicardial adipose tissue(EAT) is metabolically active endocrine organ that secretes several hormones in fat thickness is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. This study was to measure and then using ultrasound epicardial adipose tissue thickness, abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness in the target group correlates and general blood properties and characteristics, and presents a local thickness for prediction of metabolic disorders. Results epicardal adipose tissue of the average thickness measured in each of the subjects was 8.890mm, 4.783mm, 4.777, 6.147mm in each section. Showed the epicardial adipose tissue in correlation with the average thickness of the risk factors age, BMI, SBP, LDH, LDL, TC is a positive correlation relationship(p<0.05) in each section. In particular, the thickness of the metabolic disorders epicardial adipose tissue thickness, abdominal subcutaneous compared to subjects that do not have the risk subjects with a risk factor for fat significantly higher(p<0.05). It showed the most reliable that can be cut-off value of 8.950mm obtained with 66.7 % sensitivity and 80 % specificity for predicting the risk of metabolic disorders.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.517-526
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the self-resilience, professional self-concept, and major satisfaction on nursing students' adjustment to college life and to present the basic data to assist in healthy adaption of college life. The study included 310 students from two universities in Gwangju and Jeonnam. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the subjects to determine their self-resilience, professional self-concept, major satisfaction, and adjustment to college life with nursing as a major. The data were collected from 1, April, 2016 to 15, April using self-report, questionnaires and analyzed through descriptive statistics, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient, using SPSS 20.0. As a result, self-esteem, professional self-concept, major satisfaction, and adjustment to college life averaged 3.80 (out of 4), 2.81 (4), 3.86 (5), and 2.75 (5) respectively. In terms of correlations, there was a significant positive correlation between adjustment to college life and self-resilience (r=.404, p<.001) and professional self-concept (r=.404, p<.001) and major satisfaction(r=.455, p<.001). In addition, self-resilience (${\beta}=.252$, p<.001) and major satisfaction (${\beta}=.309$, p<.001) of variance in adjustment to college life and the explanatory power of the model was 27.2%. Based on these results, improvement programs are necessary to help nursing students get adjusted to college life.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.254-263
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate a hospital nurses' knowledge and attitude about cancer pain management and to make use of base material for education. The research design was descriptive survey study, and the data were collected from 303 nurses who were working at a university hospital. A instrument study was the inventory consisting 107 questionnaires for cancer pain management. The data were analysed by SPSS WIN 18.0. The study showed that the percentage of correct answers for general knowledge about pain was 79.6%, for knowledge about cancer pain was 82.2%, for knowledge about analgesics use was 55.6%, for attitude about pain management was 65.2%, and the percentage of correct answers for each item was 70.7%. The knowledge about analgesics use was significant difference in age, education level, position, years of nursing practice, present place of working, years of present working place, pain education program experience, the attitude about pain management was significant difference in gender, education level and present place of working. Consequently it needs the persistent educational programs development and the clinical application to improve of nurses` knowledge and attitude about cancer pain management.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1557-1565
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing learning flow of nursing student. Design of this study was a descriptive research. The participants for this study were 283 nursing college students with four-years curriculum in D city from June 14th to June 24th, 2013. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression with SPSS 18.0 Program. There were significant correlations among self-leadership, academic self-efficacy, major satisfaction, and the learning flow. As a multiple regression analysis, factors that have an effect on learning flow were self-leadership, and academic self-efficacy. These factors explain 58.2% of the variance in learning flow. Self-leadership, academic self-efficacy, and learning flow relationship were positive relevant. To enhance learning flow ability for nursing students, it is necessary to develop training program and academic environment for increasing self-leadership and academic self-efficacy.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a directional feature extraction method for off-line handwritten numerals by using the morphological operations. Direction features are obtained from four directional line images, each of which contains horizontal, vertical, right-diagonal and left-diagonal lines in entire numeral lines. Conventional method for extracting directional features uses Kirsch masks which generate edge-shaped double line images for each direction, whereas our method uses directional erosion operations and generate single line images for each direction. To apply these directional erosion operations to the numeral image, preprocessing steps such as thinning and dilation are required, but resultant directional lines are more similar to numeral lines themselves. Our four [$4{\times}4$] directional features of a numeral are obtained from four directional line images through a zoning method. For obtaining the higher recognition rates of the handwrittern numerals, we use the multiple feature which is comprised of our proposed feature and the conventional features of a kirsch directional feature and a concavity feature. For recognition test with given features, we use a multi-layer perceptron neural network classifier which is trained with the back propagation algorithm. Through the experiments with the CENPARMI numeral database of Concordia University, we have achieved a recognition rate of 98.35%.