• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.203-210
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• 2007

This paper treats optimal route safety assessment system at seaway based on weather forecasting data through INMARSAT. Since early times, captain have been sailing to select the optimum route considering the weather, ship loading status condition and operational scheduling empirically. However, it is rare to find digitalized onboard route support system whereas weather facsimile or wave and swell chart are utilized for the officer, based on captain's experience. In this paper, optimal route safety assessment system which is composed of voyage efficiency and safety component is introduced. Optimum route minimized ETA(estimated time of arrival) and fuel consumption that shipping company. and captain are requiring to evaluate for efficient voyage considering speed loss and power increase based on wave added resistance of ship. In the view point of safety, seakeeping prediction is performed based on 3 dimensional panel method Basically, the weather forecast is assumed to be prepared previously in order to operate this system.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.183-202
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• 2009

This study estimates the port waiting cost of international trade ports in Korea by an opportunity cost approach. In the next step, we present a method to assess the levels of port services by the average waiting cost of ships derived from the results of the first step. Because the port waiting cost reflects the social cost, it is difficult to use as a service indicator even though it is the decision support information for a particular port facility expansion. The percentages of waiting ships and time also are insufficient indicators to reflect only the quantitative aspects by the time. However, the average waiting cost of ships in this study can be utilized as a service indicator to reflect waiting time and the loss of economic value simultaneously. It is also very useful information for a shipper and a carrier to select a port. Based on the average waiting cost of ships in 2007, it is analyzed in order of lowest service ports sequentially such as Pyeongtaek-Dangjin, Pohang, Donghae, and Samcheonpo. It is different from the sequential order of ports by the port waiting cost such as Pohang, Incheon, Gwangyang, Pyeongtak-Dangjin, and Ulsan. The port waiting cost is to a port authority as a key indicator what the average waiting cost of ships is to a port user as a useful indicator to evaluate the levels of port services.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.187-197
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• 1999

해양수산부가 개발 .운영 중인 항만운영정보시스템(PORT-MIS)은 선박입출항 관련 업무, 수출입 화물 반출입에 관한 업무, 항만시설물관리에 관한 업무, 의사결정지원시스템에 관한 업무 등 크게 4개 업무오 구성되어 있으며, 총 19개의 전자문서와 1,500여개의 단위 프로그램으로 구성되어 있다. 그동안 PORT-MIS를 권역별로 확대 운영하면서 발생한 여러 가지 문제점들을 보완하기 위해 해양수산부와 정보통신부(한국전산원)가 공동으로 $\ulcorner$수출입화물 일괄처리시스템 구축$\lrcorner$ 용역 사업을 현재 진행 중에 있다. 본 연구는 용역과업 내용에 포함되어 있지 않으면서 개선이 필요한 외항선(국전선.외국전선 포함) 선박입항보고서(최초.변경.최종)와 선박출항보고서(최초.변경.최종), 내항선입.출항신고서, 예선사용허가신청서 및 지정서, 도선사용허가신청서 및 지정서 등의 민원업무를, 사용자로 하여금 최소한의 노력으로 처리할 수 있도록 제출방법을 개선(EDI방식에서 온라인방식으로)하여 행정소요시간을 단축함으로써 PORT-MIS의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 이러한 노력을 통해 PORT-MIS EDI업무가 개선되어 선박입.출항보고를 1회롤 처리할 수 있다면 연간 29만9천건의 서류절감으로 약 1억3천7백만원의 물류비를 줄일 수 있으며, 시간 단축에 따른 간접비용을 계산하면 보다 많은 효과가 있다고 판단된다. 그리고 내항선입.출항신고서 및 예.도선업무를 EDI방식에서 온라인방식으로 전환함으로써 선사와 예선업체 및 도선사협회가 대화형식으로 업무처리가 이루어져 분쟁을 최소화 할 수 있다면, 전자문서 31만6천건/년 절감으로 1억3백만원/년의 예산이 절감될 것으로 예상된다.rr로 변화시켰고 inductive power는 200~800watt, bias voltage는 0~-200voltage로 변화시켰으며 식각마스크로는 SiO2를 patterning 하여 사용하였다. n-GaN, p-GaN 층 이외에 광소자 제조시 필수적인 InGaN 층을 100% Cl2로 식각한 경우에 InGaN의 식각속도가 GaN에 비해 매우 낮은 식각속도를 보였다. Cl2 gas에 소량의 CH4나 Ar gas를 첨가하는 경우와 공정압력을 감소시키는 경우 식각속도는 증가하였고, Cl2/10%Ar 플라즈마에서 공정 압력을 감소시키는 경우 식각속도는 증가하였고, Cl2/10%CHF3 와 Cl2/10%Ar 플라즈마에서 공정압력을 15mTorr로 감소시키는 경우 InGaN과 GaNrks의 선택적인 식각이 가능하였다. InGaN의 식각속도는 Cl2/Ar 플라즈마의 이온에 의한 Cl2/CHF3(CH4) 플라즈마에서의 CHx radical 형성에 의하여 증가하는 것으로 사료되어 진다.$ 이상을 나타내었다. 박막의 Sn/In atomic ratio는 0.12, O/In의 비율은 In2O3의 화학양론적 비율인 1.5보다 작은 1.3을 나타내었다.로 보인다.하면 수평축과 수직축의 분산 장벽의 비에 따라 cluster의 두께비가 달라지는 성장을 볼 수 있었고, 한 축 방향으로의 팔 넓이는 fcc(100) 표면의 경우 동일한 Ed+Ep값에 대응하는 팔 넓이와 거의 동일한 결과가 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 비대칭적인 모양을 가지는 성장의 경우도 cluster 밀도, cluster 모양, cluster의 양 축 방향 길이 비, 양 축 방향의 평균 팔 넓이로부터 각 축 방향의 분산 장벽을 얻어낼 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 기대할 수 있는 여러

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to compare the resolution and density appropriate to diagnosis in chest PA radiography. In comparing the resolution, we radiographed with conventional radiography, computed radiography(CR) and digital radiography(DR) using the linear resolution phantom(Nuclear Associates-Carle Place. N.Y.). 2 radiologists and 3 radiological technologists read the resolution value by the blind test. DR, conventional radiography and CR measured 3.95, 3.58, 3.48 resolution value respectively. In analysing the density, we chose the fifty normal chest CR and DR and conventional film. We estimated the density using by densitometer(X-rite company-Model 301) in seven regions(lung field, lung field margine, mediastinum I, mediastinum II, heart shadow I, heart shadow II, diaphragm) of chest film. We adapted to analysis the Japanese chest X-ray evaluating method and table. It was scored 0(farthest density value) to 2(nearest density value). DR scored 2 at mediastinum I, mediastinum II, heart shadow I, heart shadow II and diaphragm. On the contrary with, CR scored 2 at lung field and lung field margine. Consequently, DR superior than CR and conventional radiography film compairing density and resolution. It was due to small pixel size and post processing algorithm with digital radiography.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.628-638
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• 2017

In response to difficult employment conditions in the maritime industry and a desire to expand their career options, domestic mates are persuing DP operator training at institutions both domestically and abroad based on their shipboard experience. However, since the offshore plant service industry has not yet been established in Korea, those seeking to enter this field have difficulty acquiring qualifications and most seek work overseas for offshore shipping companies. Individuals wishing to work as DP operators are likely to face more conservative recruitment processes with overseas offshore shipping companies, focusing on career language restrictions as they will be non-native speakers relative to the foreign company, difficulty living in a multi-cultural environment, and lack of systematic information on essential job requirements. For these reasons, domestic mates have difficulty seeking jobs. Therefore, this study analyzes the capabilities and qualification required to be a DP operator to provide basic data for developing NCS standards representing a minimum level of competency. These standards can be applied by the government to develop plans for professional training for DP operators. In study, job classifications, competency standards and career development paths for DP operators have been proposed along with joint use of DP training vessels, to train specialized DP instructors. An NCS export model led by the government to activate professional training for DP operators is also presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2022

AIS(Automatic Identification System) is a device that automatically transmits and receives ship information and is mounted on the ship. AIS information of ships near the coast can be received on the ground, but when going out to sea more than 50 nautical miles, communication with the ground is cut off. To solve this problem, ship information can be transmitted to the ground through an AIS satellite equipped with an AIS receiver. There is no case of AIS satellite development in Korea yet, and many domestic shipping companies are using overseas AIS services. PNUSAT-1 is a 1U+ CubeSat, developed by Pusan National University, and it is equipped with an AIS receiver for monitoring of ships and transmitting ship information to the ground. Since the mission data of PNUSAT-1 is in text format, the data size is not large. In consideration of this, communication equipment, low-precision sensors, and actuators were selected. In this paper, system preliminary design of PNUSAT-1 was performed, requirements for mission performance, operation scenario and mode design, hardware and software selection, and preliminary design of each subsystem were performed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.69-86
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• 2022

This study analyses the necessity of the large-size shipyard and explores competitiveness factors of it. Furthermore, the competitiveness is evaluated and the economic feasibility of building and operation of shipyard is examined. As a result of AHP analysis of the determining factors of the competitiveness of the repairing shipyard, the importance of the factors was found in the order of arrival and departure safety, repair technology, dock and wharf facilities, repair cost, repair period (on time delivery), and repair parts supply. Moving distance, repair service quality, repair parts supply, arrival and departure safety, repair technology, dock and quay wall facilities, and repair period (on time delivery) were identified as key factors in the AHP analysis for competitiveness of the Busan Port repair shipyard to be built in the future. As a result of the analysing economic feasibility, the net present value of the Busan Port repair shipyard construction and operation investment project was KRW 435.6 billion, and the internal rate of return was 9.8%, higher than the social discount rate (4.5%), and the cost-benefit ratio (B/C) was high at 1.167. As a result of the study, the necessity and economic feasibility of the Busan Port repair shipyard are sufficiently ensured, and the competitiveness assessment was highly positive.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.449-457
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• 2023

Shielding for reducing exposure dose can make the diagnosis limited. The purpose of this study is to increase the efficiency of radiation protection and minimize the loss of image information by producing the shielding made of the water and the contrast medium which has different proportion and finding out the ideal proportion of them. Each shielding materials were made of water and water-soluble iodine contrast medium with the different proportion. The attenuation rate of absorbed dose was evaluated by the shielding materials in the plastic contents for measuring the efficiency of the radiation protection. As a result, the higher ratio of the contrast medium, the more efficient it is for radiation attenuation. The anatomical structure was observed most properly in case of the solution with 20 ml of the contrast medium and most difficultly in case of more than 60 ml of the contrast medium. In case of the signal intensity between skeleton and gas, the difference of average value had a significant as p < 0.001. Shielding with contrast medium attenuates less than the conventional shielding but in the examination for the sensitive part to radiation, it can be used to minimize the loss of the image information and reduce the exposure dose.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 2024

Photo booths have traditionally provided a fun and easy way to capture and print photos to cherish memories. These booths allow individuals to capture their desired poses and props, sharing memories with friends and family. To enable diverse expressions, generative AI-powered photo booths have emerged. However, existing AI photo booths face challenges such as difficulty in taking group photos, inability to accurately reflect user's poses, and the challenge of applying different concepts to individual subjects. To tackle these issues, we present CINEMAPIC, a photo booth system that allows users to freely choose poses, positions, and concepts for their photos. The system workflow includes three main steps: pre-processing, generation, and post-processing to apply individualized concepts. To produce high-quality group photos, the system generates a transparent image for each character and enhances the backdrop-composited image through a small number of denoising steps. The workflow is accelerated by applying an optimized diffusion model and GPU parallelization. The system was implemented as a prototype, and its effectiveness was validated through a user study and a large-scale pilot operation involving approximately 400 users. The results showed a significant preference for the proposed system over existing methods, confirming its potential for real-world photo booth applications. The proposed CINEMAPIC photo booth is expected to lead the way in a more creative and differentiated market, with potential for widespread application in various fields.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.445-452
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• 2024

Through the pandemic, the topography of dining culture is rapidly changing due to the advancement of the food delivery market. Competition in the domestic market is intensifying as Coupang Eats recently surpassed Yogiyo and jumped to second place, and Baedal Minjok(Baemin), the industry's No. 1 company, is also preparing to introduce a subscription system. While the growth of the delivery market is slowing, the use of takeout and pick-up services is increasing due to rising delivery costs and food prices. From Generation Z's perspective, the main factors influencing the active use of app services were identified through prior research as usability and convenience, cost sensitivity, and hedonic motivation. While, they are leading the trend of minimizing spending through 'stepping stone consumption' and delivery pot process instead of choosing a subscription system. Accordingly, we aim to provide customers with a better experience and help strengthen competitiveness by proposing ways to improve and revitalize new delivery apps that reflect the characteristics of Gen.Z. As a result of the expert Delphi survey, we will receive impact evaluation scores in the following order: direct view of accumulated discounts, addition of family benefits, coupon reinforcement, SNS promotion, pick-up walk, in-store promotion, and discount rate display, and review their application to practice. It presents academic and policy implications regarding the food tech market.