• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2016

Port congestion has been recognized as one of the critical factors for port service competitiveness and port selection criteria. However, congestion ratio, the congestion index currently used by Korea, plays a very limited role in shipping companies' and shippers' selection of port and port authorities' decision making regarding port management and development. This is mainly due to the fact that this ratio is only calculated as the ratio of the number of vessels by each port. Therefore, this study aims to measure service level related to vessel entry and departure in Korea ports by evaluating waiting ratio(WR) according to terminals and vessel types. The results demonstrate that the waiting ratio of containerships and non-containerships is less than 4% and 15% respectively, which satisfies the reasonable level suggested by the UNCTAD and OECD. Port of Pohang is revealed to have the highest WR of 57% and among the terminals, No. 1 Terminal of the Shinhang area has the highest WR. In terms of ship types, WR of Steel Product Carrier is highest, followed by General Cargo Ship and Bulk Carrier at the Pohang Shinhang area. In addition to WR, berth occupancy ratio as well as the number and time of waiting vessels can be utilized to evaluate service level by ports and terminals from port users' perspective, and furthermore, to improve the port management and development policy for port managers or authorities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.118-120
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• 2022

해양수산부와 산업통산자원부가 공동으로 추진하고 있는 자율운항선박 기술개발 프로젝트의 핵심기술은 지능항해시스템, 기관자동화시스템, 성능실증센터 및 실증기술, 운용기술 및 표준화로 나누어지며, 대한민국은 2025년까지 자율운항수준을 대양에서는 IMO Level 3, 연안에서는 IMO Level 2까지 달성하는 것을 목표로 하고 있다. 한편, 삼면이 바다로 둘러싸인 대한민국은 세계물류 이동의 거점임과 동시에 어선 등록 척수가 매년 6만 5년여 척이 넘는 어업이 활성화된 나라이며, 주요 어업 해역인 남해안은 대표적 무역항인 부산항, 광양항 등으로 통하는 항로와 중첩되기 때문에 자율운항선박의 원활한 운항을 위해서는 어업이라는 변수가 반드시 고려되어야 한다. 이 연구에서는 핵심기술 중 지능항해시스템 기술개발과 관련, 어업이 지능항해에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 어구, 어법, 어선으로 분류하여 고찰하였고, 발생 가능한 변수를 줄이기 위한 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 2013

With the introduction of increasingly large-sized ships, the conditions of main domestic port facilities remain the same as in the past. So, there is high probability that marine traffic congestion can occur at the certain ship's routes. The standard ship's length used to assess the marine traffic congestion of domestic trade port is 70 meters. It has been in use for the last 30 years, so, its usefulness is highly recommended for review. This study deeply analyzes the tendency of ship's dimensional changes according to recent enlargement of ship's size by utilizing the particulars of 60,000 ships saved in domestic Port-MIS database and suggests the standard ship's length by figuring out the correlation between length of ship and gross tonnage. In addition, the basis of statistical data on the ship's tonnage in domestic trade over the last five years suggests the standard ship's length by deriving the reference point of cumulative incidences that occupy more than over 50 %, except for small vessels. It is necessary to consider the characteristic of each domestic trade port before the actual application of suggested standard ship's length.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.74-75
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• 2021

At the 104th IMO MSC, it was decided to make a code for the operation of MASS(Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship). In addition, the government announced a roadmap for preemptive regulatory innovation for autonomous ships and identified 31 related regulatory issues and suggested improvements to revitalize the autonomous ship industry. This study aims to analyze the ship turning left on the route as a study on how to operate the route system when operating MASS. We intend to derive the current congestion degree of the special area of Busan New Port through maritime traffic survey and use simulation to derive the congestion degree of the special area due to the size of ships and increase in traffic volume. We would like to propose an appropriate amount of traffic (the number of L-converted). It is believed that the research results can be used as basic data for route operation when operating not only current ships but also MASS.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.57-72
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to show the empirical measurement way of operation risk evaluation in domestic seaports for overcoming the limitations which the traditional DEA method has by using 13 Korean ports in 2003 for 4 inputs(birthing capacity, cargo handling capacity, number of coastal guard vessel, number o f coastal special guard vessel ) and 5 outputs(Export and Import Quantity, Number of Ship Calls, number of coastal accident, number of coastal crime, number of coastal pollution). Because traditional DEA method has produced the limited set of information, negative DEA mixed with tier, stratification and layering methods should be adopted. The goal of negative DEA is to set up DEA models that will place the poor operating ports on or close to the empirical frontier. The core empirical results of this paper are as follows. First, Donghae ports should benchmark the operation way of Yeasu, Busan, Woolsan ports in terms of the middle and longterm base. Second, 5 ports(ports of Taean, Yeasu, Tongyoung, Busan, Sokcho) which were revealed as the poor operating ports in Negative DEA analysis should benchmark Incheon, Woolsan, Pohan, and Donhae ports. The policy implication to the Korean seaports and planners is that Korean seaports should introduce the new methods like Negative DEA of this paper for predicting the poor operating in the ports.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.15-17
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• 2016

The congestion situation of Korea's port is further inclining due to the number of arriving and departing vessels and increase in the size of the size. Indicators for assessing whether the Vessel Traffic Congestion is called the Marine Traffic Congestion and it is used as a diagnostic entries in the Maritime Traffic Safety Audit System. In the diagnostic system, 6L (longitudinal) X 3.2L (transverse) is used as ship's domain in cases of harbor. This study is to determine the safety distance of the VTS officer and the ship operators by targeting the Busan harbor, which has the most number of ships that arrive/depart in Korea and listen to the communication of the VTS and calculate the communication time of the VTS officer and the ship operators for 7 days. By utilizing the distance communication port, the safety distance between the controllers and the ship operators is derived. It can be used for basic information of VTS Officer and Ship's operator's Safety distance in Busan port's in&out harbor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.419-424
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• 2006

In recent years, the repairing work of the small boats in dock have pointed out a defects of the many FRP shipbuiling because of a term of works and working-space and man-power. In the paper, By carried out the model tests and structure analysis of the floating dock were mainly drawing on the concept design of the floating dock systems that the above defects were solved.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.23-40
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• 2015

This study measures how Korean shipping policies influence the expansion of the country's merchant fleet using system dynamics. It uses various indexes as factors influencing the gross tonnage of the Korean merchant fleet, such as the Baltic Dry Index, Howe Robinson Container Index, China Containerized Freight Index, and Worldscale Index, as well as the US dollar-Korean won exchange rate, world merchant fleet statistics, and the debt ratio of Korean shipping companies. After establishing the simulation model, the mean absolute percentage error is found to be less than 10%, confirming the accuracy of the model. Therefore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to measure the influence of the selected shipping policies, including the gross tonnage of vessels registered under the Korean second registry system, loans of publicly owned financial institutions to shipping companies, ship investment fund, and the number of shipping companies participating in the tonnage tax scheme. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the influence of vessel tonnage and loans to shipping companies is the most significant, while that of the number of companies participating in the tonnage tax scheme is minimal.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.06a
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• pp.8-10
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• 2014

정부의 북극항로 시험운항이 시행된 2013년 NSR횡단 선박 척수는 전년도에 비해 54%가 늘어난 71척에 이르렀으나 실제 화물수송량은 당초 예상량인 150만톤에도 못 미치는 1,355,897톤으로 전년도에 비해 7.5% 증가에 그치고 말았다. 이는 2013년 하절기 북극해의 얼음이 2012년도에 비해 훨씬 적게 녹았기 때문으로 분석되고 있다. 그러나 지구온난화로 인한 전체적인 해빙 크기의 감소추세는 큰 틀에서 벗어나지 않고 있으므로 NSR의 선점을 위해서는 화물의 경제성 평가와 더불어 고효율선의 운항에 대비할 필요가 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.154-156
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• 2014

지구온난화로 2000년대 초부터 급격하게 감소하던 북극의 해빙이 2012년 이후로 다소 주춤한 상태로 돌아서고 있다. 그러나 최근 북극항로를 이용하는 선박의 척수와 화물량은 꾸준히 증가하고 있어 이 항로에 대한 세계적인 관심이 집중되고 있다. 중세의 문명의 교류가 오아시스 루트와 초원 루트 그리고 말라카 해협을 통한 해상실크로드를 통해 이루어진 것처럼, 장차 아시아와 유럽을 잇는 북극항로가 신해양실크로드가 될 것인지 북극을 둘러싼 여러 가지 상황을 살펴보고자 한다.