• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.69-76
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• 1999

A copper-tungsten sintered alloy(Cu-W) has been friction welded to a tough pitch copper in order to investigate the effect of upset pressure on friction weldability. Under the condition of friction time 0.8sec, upset pressure 150MPa, the tensile strength and Charpy impact value of the friction welded joint were 336MPa, $400KJ/m^2$ respectively. And highest temperature of the weld measured was below $800^{circ}K$ which is very lower than melting point of Cu($1356^{circ}K$). Under the same conditions, W grains picked up in Cu matrix from Cu-W profitably affected on these mechanical fracture, and were dispersed in Cu by plastic flow during brake time.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.837-840
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• 2002

An analysis method for rubber toughened PVC is suggested to evaluate critical dynamic strain energy release rates($G_c$) from the Charpy impact energy measurements. An instrumented Charpy impact tester was used to extract ancillary information concerning fracture parameters in addition to total fracture energies and maximum critical loads. The dynamic stress intensity factor $K_{Id}$ was computed for varying amounts of rubber contents from the obtained maximum critical loads and also toughening effects were investigated as well. The fracture surfaces produced under low velocity impact fur PVC/MBS composites were investigated by SEM. The results show that MBS rubber is very effective reinforcement material for toughening PVC.C.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.50-59
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• 1991

Large steel water pipes in Korea are joined prevalently by bell end method and welded at inside as well as outside of the pipes with the length of leg which is same as or larger than the thickness of pipes. This results in an excessive consumption of material and labor compared with foreign counturies such as USA, so that in our recent situation of requiring a number of water pipes such consumption is very ineffective and an improvement in weld design of water pipes is urgently necessary. In this experimental study, the possibility of reducing the length of leg to 85% of the pipe thickness was investigated through observations of microstructure and cross section of weldments, the tensile test, and the impact test of the field and laboratory specimens. As the results of this study, it was revealed that water pipes which have the leg of fillet about 0.8xthickness show a good weldability, have a greater strength than the base metal and absorb the enough energy to be safe in the working condition of the pipes.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.307-312
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• 2001

운전중인 원자로 재료의 건전성 평가를 위한 기계적 시험의 하나인 샤르피 충격 시험편에 대하여 초음파 신호분석이 이루어졌나 시험편으로는 모재와 용접재를 사용하였는데 이들 재료는 고온, 고압의 냉각수 및 지속적인 고속중성자가 방출되고 있는 가동중인 발전소에서 감시시험을 통한 원자로재료의 건전성평가를 목적으로 정지기간동안 인출된 깃이다. 분석결과 속도 및 감쇠와 같은 초음파 특성들이 재질이 비교적 균일한 모재에 있어서는 중성자 조사량과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 보였으며 이를 활용하여 비파괴적인 방법으로 재료에 대한 중성자 조사량이 어느 정도인지를 예측할 수 있는 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호통권34호
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• pp.85-99
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• 1998

본 논문은 케이슨의 인양작업중 Fitting Anchor의 취성파괴로 인한 들고리의 붕괴원인을 조사하기 위한 실험적 연구이다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 응력해석을 통하여 들고리의 붕괴메카니즘을 분석하고 이를 실제 붕괴과정과 비교한다. 본 연구에서는 파괴된 강재에 대한 파면해석 뿐만아니라 화학성분시험, 인장시험 및 샤르피 V-노치 충격시험을 실시한다. 그리고 이의 시험 결과를 정상적인 강재에 대한 시험결과와 비교한다. 본 연구의 거시적, 미시적인 방법으로 결함을 관찰한 결과, Fitting Anchor 내부에 원주방향으로 나타난 표면결함은 케이슨의 진수시 발생하는 들고리의 인장응력이 작용하기 전에 발생한 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 균열선단의 응력집중이 발생하여 작용응력보다 큰 응력이 결함에 발생한 것임을 알 수 있다. 또한, 잠재한 결함의 크기가 임계값 이상으로 증가하여 본 연구대상 강재의 응력확대계수가 증가하였을 것으로 판단된다. 그래서 균열선단의 응력확대계수가 본 강재의 파괴인성보다 크게 되어 케이슨의 인양작업중에 취성파괴를 일으킨 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 케이슨 들고리의 붕괴는 Fitting Anchor의 취성파괴로 발생한 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.41-46
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• 2002

The general purpose of this paper is Evaluation of material properties in spring steels by investigate correlation between ultrasonic attenuation and virker's hardness, charpy impact properties, microstructures. The three test speciments of the $490{\times}90 mm$ plates and 20 mm thick are used but differ in heat treatment, one is rolled plate, the second is quenched and then tempered, and the third is quenched. ultrasonic attenuation were obtained at fifteen locations on the plates. In order to investigate the correlation between hardness ( especially, HV ) and the attenuation, the virker's hardness and the microstructures were observed for three spring steels. also the charpy impact test were carried out at the room temperature in order to investigate the relationship between impact properties and the attenuation. The experimental results obtained from three different spring related to the heat treatment conditions and attenuation coefficient is increased with increasing the hardness(HV). Ultrasonic attenuation coefficients have shawn are ability to distinguish among spring steels.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2014

AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel is widely used for LNG pipes for LNG transmission thanks to its good metallurgical and mechanical properties. In the present research, impact toughness of a gas tungsten arc welded AISI 304 stainless steel pipe was evaluated between room and liquid nitrogen ($-196^{\circ}C$) test temperatures. In addition, a comparative study was made of the fracture behavior of FCC crystal structured stainless steel weldments and BCC crystal structured mild steels(A-grade and SS400). The results showed a slight decrease in the impact energy of the AISI 304 base metal, heat affected zone(HAZ), and welded zone with decreasing test temperature. In addition, the welded metal has the highest absorbed impact energy, followed by HAZ and the base metal.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.47-54
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• 2020

취성파괴는 구조물 손상의 원인 중 하나로 대형사고로 발생할 가능성이 있다. -162℃의 초저온 LNG를 저장하는 저장탱크의 내조는 취성파괴가 발생하지 않도록 반드시 이를 확인 할 수 있도록 성능검사를 하여 건설된다. 파괴역학 관점에서는 구조물의 파괴특성을 균열생성과 균열정지로 구분하고 있다. 취성균열이 발생되지 않도록 설계하고 취성 파괴가 발생하여도 취성 파괴가 정지하는 기능이 확인되는 소재가 사용되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 LNG저장탱크의 내조 소재로 널리 사용되는 9% Ni강 33mm, 37mm, 40mm 두께로 준비하여 취성균열정지 특성을 분석하였다. 기본적인 취성 충격 시험특성을 파악하기 위하여 샤르피 충격시험을 상온, -162℃, -196℃ 조건에서 수행하였다. 또한 -196℃ 환경에서 Duplex ESSO 시험을 수행하여 취성균열정지 파괴인성을 평가하고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 이러한 시험결과를 바탕으로 9% Ni강이 LNG저장탱크 내조소재로 적용되기에 충분한 균열정지 파괴인성을 가지고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.706-711
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• 2007

Numerical studies were performed to examine the effects of notch location of impact specimens on the failure behavior of HAZ (heat affected zone) when Charpy V-notch impact test were made at a low temperature ($1^{\circ}C$). Carbon steel plate (SA-516 Gr. 70) with thickness of 25mm for pressure vessel was welded by SMAW (shielded metal-arc welding) and specimens were fabricated from the welded plate. Charpy tests were then performed with specimens having different notch positions of specimens varying from the fusion line through HAZ to base metal. A series of finite element analysis which simulates the Charpy test and crack propagation initiating at the tip of V-notch was carried out as well. The finite element analysis takes into account the irregular fusion line and non-homogenous material properties due to the notch location of the specimen in HAZ. Results reveals that the energies absorbed during impact test depend significantly on the notch location and direction of specimen. Finite element analysis also demonstrates that the notch location of specimens, to a great extent, influences the reliability and consistency of the test.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.155-168
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• 2009

In this study, microstructural investigation was conducted on the separation phenomenon occurring during Charpy impact tests of API X80 linepipe steels. Particular emphasis was placed on the role of microstructural phases present in the API X80 steels such as acicular ferrite, bainite, and hard secondary phases. Detailed microstructural analysis of fractured impact specimens showed that highly elongated bainite worked as prior initiation sites for separations, and that the number and length of separations increased with increasing volume fraction of bainite. In the steels having high work hardenability, tearing-shaped separations were found because the hammer-impacted region was seriously hardened during the impact test, which led to the reduction in the impact toughness. As the test temperature decreased, the tendency of separations increased, but separations were not observed when the cleavage fracture prevailed at very low temperatures. Thus, the minimization of the formation of bainite and secondary phases in the steels would be beneficial for preventing or minimizing separations because separations deteriorated low-temperature impact toughness.