• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.800-805
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• 1993

An analytical method has been developed to determine trace elements in biological samples. The biological samples are added to a laboratory-bulit Teflon bomb together with nitric acid-hydrogen peroxide mixture and enriched stable isotopes. The samples are decomposed in a microwave oven. The decomposed sample solutions are analyzed by isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The analytical results of the biological samples agree well with the reference values.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1999

The oxygen saturation of blood can be measured by the difference absorption in optical spectra of Hb and Hb0$_2$, as the well known previous study. In this study we developed the non-invasive oxygen measurement device for diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease in lower extremity using infrared and red LED which produce a peak spectral emission at a wavelength of 660 nm, and 940 nm. To evaluate the clinical application of the oxygen measurement device, we performed lower extremity study to measure the oxygen changes in response to physiological changes within biological tissue. The results showed that oxygen saturation of blood in biological tissue can be monitored from the separation arrangement light source and detector.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.197-198
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• 2008

본 논문은 Impedance plethysmography를 이용하여 당뇨병 및 동맥경화의 비침습적이고 고통없는 조기 진단을 위한 시스템 구성의 초기 단계로, 하지 동맥의 기계적 특징인 혈량 변화를 비침습적으로 측정하였다. 혈량과 혈압의 변화는 각각 Impedance plethysmograph와 mercury spbygmomanometer를 이용하여 측정되는데 탄성도는 혈량 변화값을 맥압(수축기압)의 변화량으로 나누어 계산한다. 이 논문에서는 하지 동맥의 탄성도를 비침습적으로 측정하기 위한 전초 단계로서 하지 동맥에서의 임피던스 변화만을 측정하였다. 회로는 50kHz Wien bridge 발진 회로, demodulation, 50kHz band past filter, 0.1Hz high pass filter, 20Hz low pass filter와 증폭기로 구성하였고, 생체 신호 획득 및 처리 과정을 거쳐 임피던스 변화량을 관찰하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.6
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• pp.431-440
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• 2005

Location, height and clear-length of individual tree can be measured directly by LiDAR Remote Sensing, and dbh(diameter at breast height) can be estimated indirectly by tree height measured by LiDAR. In addition, stand volume and stand biomass are computed from estimated growth factors. In this study, each estimated growth factor was compared to the field measurements to validate accuracy. The coefficient of determination of total tree heights was 0.66 for total trees, 0.68 for Pinus koraiensis, 0.66 for Larix leptolepis and 0.60 for Quercus spp. The coefficient of determination of clear-length was 0.79 for total trees, 0.73 for Pinus koraiensis, 0.79 for Larix leptolepis, 0.68 for Quercus spp. The coefficient of determination of dbh predicted was 0.73 for Pinus koraiensis, 0.73 for Larix leptolepis and 0.85 for Quercus spp. Moreover The coefficient of determination of basal area was 0.82 for Pinus koraiensis, 0.92 for Larix leptolepis and 0.95 for Quercus spp. Biomass per ha computed by growth factor using LiDAR was 40,306 dm/ha for Pinus koraiensis, 94,150 tdm/ha for Larix leptolepis and 94,481 tdm/ha for Quercus spp. by species.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 1995

These studies were carried out to develop a system for non -destructive and continuous measurement of fresh weight and to analyse the growth response of leaf lettuce under the different nutrient solution and light condition with this system. The developed measurement system was consisted of four load cells and a microcomputer. The output from the system was highly positive correlation with the plant fresh weight above the surface of the hydroponic solution. The top fresh weight of plant could be measured within the error $\pm$ 1.0g in the range of 0 - 2000g. The top fresh weight of leaf lettuce increased 44 times at 18th day after transferring to the nutrient solution, and the maximum growth rate was observed at 13th day after transferring. The growth rate was 10.7- 29.6% per day during 18 days. Optimum concentration of the nutrient solution for the growth of lettuce was 1.4 - 2.2 mS/cm of EC level. When the light condition was changed from dark to light, the fresh weight was temporarily decreased, but the fresh weight increased under the opposite condition. Top fresh weight of leaf lettuce in the darkness normally increased within 12 hours after darkness treatment, and then slowly increased until 78 hours under continuous dark condition. After that times, the fresh weight began to decrease.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2020.05a
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• pp.314-317
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• 2020

환자의 생체신호 측정 및 관찰, 영상 위생 등을 포함하는 직접간호는 간호사들의 총 간호활동 시간 중 내과는 48%, 외과는 40% 로 간호사들의 업무 부담이 되고 있다. 또한 의료기관에서 사용되는 의료기기들은 여러 회사에서 구매하여 사용되기 때문에 각 회사마다 상이한 프로토콜을 가지고 있어 하나의 시스템으로 생체신호를 모으기가 쉽지 않다. 따라서 여러 장비에서 생체신호를 실시간으로 취득하여 통합 관리할 수 있는 시스템 개발을 통해 간호사의 직접간호 업무량을 줄여 간호사의 근무환경 개선뿐만 아니라 중증환자의 경우 환자 생체신호에 대한 실시간 원격감시가 가능하고 환자에게서 발생된 모든 생체신호가 데이터베이스 시스템으로 기록관리 됨으로 인해 환자의 생체 신호에 대한 이력 추적관리가 가능함으로써, 양질의 의료 서비스가 가능한 환자케어시스템을 개발하고자 한다.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.227-232
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• 2006

스마트 의류의 발달은 pc 를 분산, 부착한 웨어러블 컴퓨터의 연구로부터 진행되어 왔으며, 1990 년대 후반 이후 착용자 감성을 고려해 더욱 편안하며, 의복과 유사한 외관을 디자인 하려는 노력이 전개되고 있다. 스마트 의류는 엔터테인먼트, 비즈니스, 스포츠, 의료 분야에 적용 등 다양한 애플리케이션으로 연구, 개발되고 있으며, 최근 들어서는 생체신호 센서를 이용한 건강관리용 스마트 의류의 연구가 주목 받고 있다. 건강에 대한 관심과 라이프 스타일의 변화, 고령화 사회의 예상으로 인해 건강복지에 대한 필요성이 증가하는 최근 트렌드를 볼 때, 건강 관리용의 스마트 의류의 수요는 증가될 것으로 예상된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기본적인 생체신호 뿐 아니라 심장 질환, 호흡기 질환을 측정할 수 있는 건강 개념의 스마트 의류 디자인을 개발하였다. 이 스마트 의류는 기존의 의복의 형태와 착용감은 그대로 유지하면서 의복 착장 시 생체 신호를 전송, 모니터링 할 수 있도록 설계하였다. 개발된 의복은 심전도, 체온 센서로 구성되어 있으며, 이를 통해 심전도, 호흡량, 맥박, 체온 등의 생체신호를 얻을 수 있다. 디자인 프로토타입의 기기 위치 선정은 선행 연구에서 제시한 '착용성 향상을 위한 웨어러블 컴퓨터 디자인 지침' 을 기반으로 설계하여 착장 시 기기로 인한 이물감이 느껴지지 않도록 하였으며 또한, 기기의 하중을 최소화 하였다. 의복의 디자인은 센서의 안정된 부착과 활동성, 센서의 정확한 측정을 고려하여 표피의 면적 변화를 고찰하여 디자인하였다. 이 스마트 의류는 노인, 건강 이상자, 통원 치료자에게 평상시의 건강을 체크 함으로써 보다 원활한 치료의 가능으로 의료 복지에 기여할 것으로 예상되며, 디자인 프로토타입의 개발을 통하여 센서기반 스마트 의류의 가능성을 제시했다는 점에서 이 연구의 의의가 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.309-313
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• 2001

This research was conducted to test cadmium tolerance by five speices of native herbs for screening cadmium tolerance plant. We examined germination rate, root and shoot growth rate of seedling, fresh biomass of native herbs exposed to cadmium solution for 14 days. Especially, germination rate of Abutilon avicennae and Amaranthus retroflexus was over 90% in all concentration, but germination rate of Aeschynomene indica, Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola and Echinochla crus-galli var. frumentacea began to decrease when they exposed to 15 mgCdSO₄ /L. The higher the Cd concentration, the length of root, shoot grew lower. The fresh biomass of Echinochloa crus-galli var. oryzicola, Echinochla crus-galli var. frumentacea and Amaranthus retro-flexus were not so different from each control, but those of Abutilon avicennae and Aeschynomene indica began to decrese greatly when exposed to 60 mgCdSO₄ /L. EC/sub 50/(Effective Concentration 50%) of Abutilon avicennae, Aeschynomene indica and Amaranthus retroflexus was 44.6∼77.5 mgCdSO₄ /L for root growth, 38.6∼114 mgCdSO₄ /L for shoot growth, 60∼107.5 mgCdSO₄ /L for fresh biomass. Among the native herbs, sensitivity of cadmium ordered as root length > fresh biomass > shoot length. These results indicate that Abutilon avicennae is a tolerant species for cadmium.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.44-53
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• 2003

This study was conducted to develop new fertilizers which can be applied to various environmental conditions. Fertilizers with different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and different types and amount of combined fertilizers were used on 1-1 seedlings of Pinus densiflora, Larix leptolepis, Quercus acutissima, and Betula platyphylla var. japonica. Biomass, specific leaf area (SLA) and chlorophyll content of foliage were measured. Biomass of foliage, shoot, and root showed no differences among fertilization treatments. Biomass of double treatments of solid-combination fertilizer and UF combination fertilizer increased whereas those of triple treatments decreased. SLA ($\textrm{cm}^2$/g) of P. densiflora fo. the 6:4:1 treatment and L. leptolepis for the 3:4:1 treatment showed the highest with 59.2 and 110.0, respectively, but those of Q. arutissima and B. platyphylla var. japonica for the control showed the higher than other treatments with 207.5 and 202.0, respectively. Chlorophyll contents (mg/g) in the foliage of P. densiflora and L. leptolepis fertilized with the 6:4:1 treatment were 0.222 and 0.127, respectively, and these contents were higher than those of the 3:4:1 treatment with 0.211 and 0.082, respectively. These results suggested that the increased nitrogen fertilization had an effort on increase of chlorophyll contents.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: During the winter, the use of deicers was rapidly increased for reduction of traffic accidents as well as injuries in Korea, whose components are largely comprised of calcium chloride and sodium chloride. Recently, to reduce the adverse effects of chloride-deciers such as pollution of water and soil, and decrease of agricultural productivity, the attention of eco-friendly deciers have been increased. This study aimed to investigate biological effects of magnesium chloride deicer (PC-10) and organic acid deicer (EFD-1) against wheat, barley, and spinach. METHODS AND RESULTS: We examined the effect of two deciers, PC-10 and EFD-1 on the seed germination and growth of wheat, barley and spinach. EFD-1 showed higher suppression of the germination than PC-10 among tested crop seeds. In demage index of the seedlings of the crops, there was no symptoms in spinach such as spotting and color change of leaves. EFD-1 showed much stronger inhibitory effect on the germination of tested crop seeds than PC-10 when crops were exposed continuously to tested deciers in soils. The growth and shoot and root in examined crops was relatively higher in PC-10 treatment than in EFD-1 treatment when compared to the control. The biomass decrease was found in all examined conditions of deciers. PC-10 showed 23-35% reduction of biomass whereas EFD-1 exhibited 39-84% loss in all examined crops at over 2% concentration. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the effects of deicers used in this study by inputting into soil against growing tested crops cause the reduction of germination of seeds, growth, and biomass compared to the control.