• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.249-256
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• 2014

Advancing health screening and treatment of cancer techniques, they contribute to grow the probability of survival of cancer patients for a long time. So health behavior and quality of life of the patients are getting important. This study analysed correlation between healthy person and cancer patient's EQ-5D index, social demographic characteristics, health behavior and so on by the multiple regression analysis. The result was that EQ-5D index of cancer patients is lower than healthy persons. Patients of cervical cancer and lung cancer had very low the index especially. In conclusion, cancer have a bad influence on the quality of life. For cancer patients, smoking and drinking are a major factors of correlation. The number of non-smokers among the patients is lower than the number of smokers among healthy persons. This conclusion means that the importance of health behaviors and quality of life for cancer patients is established so that this will be used for basic reference of PHR models and service enhancing quality of life.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2014

The distribution of animals is affected by habitat selection, and habitat type and prey resource are important factors affecting their survival. This study was conducted to investigate the distribution pattern of the Red-tongue viper snake (Gloydius ussuriensis) with respect to altitude, habitat type and distribution of potential prey resource in Cheon-ma mountain, Korea. The study area of Cheon-ma mountain was separated into three altitude categories (low, middle, and high altitude) and the habitat types were categorized according to presence or absence of aquatic ecosystem and the preferred habitat in relation to altitude was determined. The distribution pattern of Red-tongue viper snakes was significantly different according to altitude and habitat type: they were mainly distributed at low altitude and in the water valleys. The distribution pattern of the Red-tongue viper snake correlated with that of amphibians. The analyses of microhabitat use of the Red-tongue viper snake and amphibians showed that their microhabitat types were not different significantly in water valleys. In conclusion, Red-tongue viper snakes were mainly distributed in the water valleys at low altitude and this is because amphibians are important as potential prey of the Red-tongue viper snake in Cheon-ma mountain.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1991

The distribution of cryophilous arctic-alpine and alpine plants in Korea is reviewed in connection with palaeoenvironment, along with a discussion to their origins, patterns of migration, and their refugia. At present, the estimated number of Korean arctic-alpine and alpine species is 419, and this includes 75 arctic-alpine species, 239 alpine species and 105 Korean endemic alpine species. The disjunctive distribution of cryophilous arctic-alpine and alpine plants is likely to be due to first, the downslope and southward expansion of those species towards the Korean peninsula as a primary refugia from the arctic region as the Pleistocene glacial phases approached, and then their subsequent isolation upslope in mountain areas toward a secondary refugia as the interglacial and post-glacial climatic ameliorations followed; secondly, the expansion of forest tree communities on lowland and montane areas subsequent to the end of the Pleistocene has had the effect of dividing formerly high mountains as a result of the increased competition; and thirdly, the general disapperance or restriction of available habitats for arctic-alpine and alpine species because of post-glacial climatic amelioration. The existence of 139 alpine species exclusively in the north of Korea may be due to the following reasons; first, frequent exchanges of alpine floras with other neighbouring East Asian regions would have been facilitated; secondly, there are numerous high mountains available for the alpine plants to survive and prosper during the post-glacial period; thirdly, the existence of easy accesses between mountains within the north, which has enabled alpine floras to migrate when necessary; and finally, the availability of diverse environments and habitats for the alpine flora of the north. However, the continued survival of those species in Korea at the world's or East Asia's southernmost limits of their distribution for many species is in danger if global warming associated with the greenhouse effect takes place.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.262-276
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• 2012

Transactions activation of intangible assets has become became a key factor for corporate survival and successful business in the knowledge economy. Thus, demand in correctly valuating technology has increased. The market approach is the reliable method because of the premise that the market value of an asset is directly related to the prices of comparable, competitive ones. However, it can be practically impossible in many cases because it is hard to find identical transactions, which are generally closely guarded business secrets. As a result, most of technology valuation is conducted by the income approach and this approach is used to derive estimates for such unobserved variables. In September 2011, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy enacted a law for operational guideline standards for technology valuation to encourage the domestic technology valuation market. The enforcement recommended that the market approach have precedence over other approaches. If this approach cannot be applied, then the valuator should writing that he used other approaches. In practice, it is hard to know whether or not information about comparable transactions exists. The proposed process provides valuators to assess suitability for practical use of market approach through the observation process of technology transactions information. At the same time, it offers them the opportunity to gain validity when using other approaches.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.101-125
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• 2008

This research suggests an ideal role between franchisee and franchisee for survival and development of the Korean franchise business by identifying causal relationships between entrepreneurship of franchisees and their business performance. Besides, when considering multi-dimensional features of a franchise system, this study aims to show that the market orientation of the franchisee and the relationship commitment between franchisee and franchisee will play an important mediating role to achieve a better business performance. Thus specific causal relationships among sub-dimensional constructs of entrepreneurship and market orientations were investigated. They are innovativeness, risk-taking propensity, pro-activeness, information creation, intelligence generation, intelligence dissemination, response design, response implementation. The results demonstrate that pro-activeness of franchisee plays a crucial role for franchisee's business performance. It was noted that franchisor's market orientation and innovativeness is also important for high market orientation of franchisor. The higher the market orientation of franchisor was, the higher relationship commitment of franchisee was formed. By identifying the mediation effect of relationship commitment and market orientation of franchisor, this paper showed that relationship commitment positively affect the improvement of franchisee's business performance. Above all, it should be noted that this research empirically identified the relationship between franchisee's entrepreneurship and business performance that most of the previous researchers have ignored. Furthermore, the analysis was conducted at sub-dimensional construct level. It is expected that empirical results from this study will be able to provide a meaningful framework and theoretical basis for future research on franchise, entrepreneurship and market orientation.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.257-262
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• 2020

This study recruited adults aged 35 to 64 living in Daegu and Gyeongsang buk-do to analyze the images of the elderly perceived by the mid and older- aged adults and their preparation for later life. The results of this study are as follows: First, as for the images of elderly people recognized by the research subjects, psychological images were the most positive, followed by physical and social images. Those with a higher education level, full-time job, and parents alive had more positive images of the elderly. The psychological images were better in those married compared to singles or divorcees, and the higher the age considered as elderly, the better the psychological and social images of the elderly. Second, preparation for later life in the mid and older-aged adults was better in order of emotional and physical preparation, whereas economic and leisure and social preparation were not enough. Those who are female, those with a higher education level, higher average monthly household income, professional job, and full-time job, and those who have an older age in mind as a definition of elderly have been better prepared for later life. Third, it was found that the sub-factors of their images of elderly people and preparation for later life affected each other, and the more positive their images of elderly people, the better they had been prepared for later in life. The results of this research suggests a desirable direction for improving the images of the elderly, implicating the necessity of exploring measures to provide individual and social support and developing educational programs for successful life after retirement.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.29-52
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• 2011

A predictable and manageable output is desirable for most businesses. However, it is very difficult to control the quality and quantity of products in the food and agriculture business. Predictable outputs help managers plan their marketing, sales, and inbound and outbound logistics, but these are not easy to achieve in the food and agriculture business. Various industries have adopted different levels of automation and utilization of information systems for quality/quantity control; however e-Commerce of the food and agriculture industry is far behind those of other industries. Today, the food and agriculture industry is supposed to be more integrated than ever in order to reduce risks and improve processing costs, from farm to table. Since its operations including production, processing, storage, distribution, and management are dispersed all over the world, the food and agricultural industries now depend more on IT than other industries. This study attempts to develop a framework to analyze the current situation of agricultural product e-Commerce in Korea, and finds out the actual situation of the farmers operating on-line shopping systems through the developed framework and suggests some improvements.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.59-79
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• 2005

recently, world is progressing large quantity consumption with continuous Innovation and economic growth and pollution is accelerated at these process. Increase of industry activity and service that is point of corporation activity is discharging environmental pollutants at whole process to manufacture of end product and exhaust process from acquisition of raw material for accompanied product production hereupon. At the same time, being promoting resources consumption by that use much raw material, As a result, is becoming obstacle factors in sustainable development. So, corporation's responsibility for environmental protection is emphasized. Corporation which must prepare in green round or environmental problems should consider environmental effects that is happened over whole life of products that include waste treatment after raw material acquisition and use as well as selling end product simply. A Life Cycle Assessment techniques is normalized and standardized in International Standard Organization for technical committee 207(TC 207) world widely, and effort to apply in corporation's activity because mastering LCA techniques in domestic several corporations is undergone actively. Coming into effect of Kyoto's Protocol and International Organization for Standard 14000 series revision are presenting new survival principle in competition between country or corporation. LCA technique may become very useful means to corporation which wish to attempt environment management in real condition that awareness for environment is important. Also, An LCA to each product is going to cause big effects in corporation's whole image as well as competitive power raising for single product. Therefore, this research wishes to examine some instances for the future competitive product development at the estimation of environmental friendliness using LCA techniques and more theoretical considerations of the LCA techniques that can dominate corporation's fate.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2000

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the important factors affecting survival and pregnancy rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. Methods: we performed retrospective analysis in 738 cycles of frozen-thawed embryo transfers, in relation to the insemination methods, the freezing stage of embryo, patient's age, infertility factors and the origin of injected sperm in ICSI cycles. After conventional IVF or ICSI, the supernumerary PN stage zygotes or multicellular embryos were cryopreserved by slow freezing protocol with 1,2-propanediol (PROH) as a cryoprotectant. Results: The survival rates of thawed embryos were 69.3% (1585/2287) in conventional IVF group and 71.7% (1645/2295) in ICSI group. After frozen-thawed embryo transfers, 27.0% (92/341) and 32.0% (109/341) of pregnancy rates were achieved in conventional IVF and ICSI group, respectively. There were no significant difference in the survival and pregnancy rates according to the insemination methods, the freezing stage and patient's age. However, the pregnancy rate (36.2%) of male factor infertility was significantly higher than the tubal (27.2%) and other female factor infertility (22.9%). In ICSI group, the origin of injected sperm did not affect the outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that acceptable clinical outcomes can be achieved after the transfer of frozen-thawed embryos regardless of the stage of embryos for freezing, the patient's age and the origin of injected sperm.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.126-135
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• 2002

Background: Neovascular glaucoma is common secondary glaucoma at high risk for failure of glaucoma filtering surgery. Recently, trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C trabeculectomy has been tried to improve the surgical success rate of conventional trabeculectomy. But, the long-term effects of mitomycin C trabeculectomy for neovascular glaucoma are unknown. Thus, we evaluated the long-term effects of mitomycin C trabeculectomy and its prognostic factors influencing the outcome. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 62 eyes of 55 neovascular glaucoma who had undergone mitomycin C trabeculectomy were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical success was defined as intraocular pressures of 21 mmHg or less with or without glaucoma medications and no loss of light perception. Surgical failure was defined as postoperative loss of light perception in patients with preoperative vision better than light perception, additional glaucoma surgery, or phthisis bulbi in patients with preoperative vision of no light perception. Results: Postoperative success was obtained in 37 (60%) out of 62 eyes after mean followup period of $23.9{\pm}16.2$ months. Using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, cumulative success rate at the 6-, 12-, 24- and 36-month intervals were 85%, 71%, 57% and 52%, respectively. Success rate was greater in eyes with diabetic retinopathy than other causes(p=0.005) and in eyes with preoperative panretinal photocoagulation(PRP) than without PRP(p=0.015). However, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that preoperative PRP was not a significant risk factor for surgical failure. Conclusion: Prognosis of neovascular glaucoma caused by diabetic retinopathy was better than that caused by the other disorders following mitomycin C trabeculectomy. The author would suggest that mitomycin C trabeculectomy could be effective and relatively safe as the first procedure of choice before performing glaucoma drainage device implantation or cyclodestructive procedure.