• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.51-93
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• 2017

Eastern coastal lagoons are a particular type of estuarine systems where seawater mixes with fresh water from their catchments. With the development of aquatic vegetation, this area shows high level of biodiversity. The purpose of this study is to produce a strategy for the comprehensive conservation of the vegetation of coastal lagoons through studies of the floristics and plant species compositions in 17 eastern coastal lagoons in Korea. Vascular plants were collected 109 times, from June of 2010 to November of 2014. The results showed that there were 720 taxa in total, including 118 families, 378 genera, 655 species, 13 subspecies, 46 varieties, and 6 hybrids. Korean endemic species numbered 11 taxa, and vascular plants listed in the red list according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) numbered 18 taxa. Indicator species of fourth (IV) and fifth (V) degree, as specified by floristic subregions, numbered 23 taxa. Among the species investigated in this survey, there were 4 taxa of plants of southern origin and 8 taxa of plants of northern originin the Korean peninsula. Several rare plants, Thermopsis lupinoides, Ligusticum hultenii, Mitrasacme alsinoides, Utricularia australis, Juncus fauriei, Carex vesicaria, and Puccinellia kurilensis, were distributed in eastern coastal lagoons. In all, 96 alien plants were recorded in the investigated area. The coastal lagoons on the eastern coast of Korea showed high plant diversity with many rare plants and phytogeographically important plants. Conservation strategies to ensure biodiversity and effective management of coastal lagoons are discussed in detail.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.56-79
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• 2020

Baekdudaegan, the largest mountain range in eastern Asia, is a biodiversity hotspot in Korea that may have served as a glacial refugium. This study presents the flora of vascular plants on Deok-chi upto the Yuk-sim-nyeong area of the Baekdudaegan conservation area. The survey area was divided into four subareas and fieldwork was conducted for a total of twelve days in 2015. Voucher specimens were collected during the survey and were deposited at Daejeon University. A list of vascular plants was prepared based on the voucher specimens. The results of the survey showed that a total of 441 taxa, consisting of 100 families, 265 genera, 398 species, 9 subspecies, 32 varieties, and 2 forms, were found in the survey area. There was one endangered species, Aconitum coreanum, in the Bonghwasan Mt. area. Sixteen endemic taxa, 74 floristic regional indicator plants, as designated by the Ministry of the Environment, and eleven naturalized plants were distributed. The results of this study can serve as basic information to establish conservation and management plans for the Baekdudaegan conservation area.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.23 no.2 s.59
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• pp.74-81
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• 1984

The experiments were conducted to study the distribution of wilt of strawberry caused by Fusarium in Korea, the characters of the causal fnngus and its control. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Wilt of strawberry has been found in Gimhae and Samrangjin, Gyeongnam province a few years ago. This disease has been spreading year after year, and observed on farms in most of the strawberry-growing areas in Korea. 2. The fungus was isolated frequently from the crowns and petioles of diseased straw berry plants, and the fungus belonging to Fusariun oxysporum in terms of the morphological characteristics of macroconidia, microconidia, chlamydospore and conidiophore on V-8 Agar. 3. The macroconidia formation of the fungus varied remarkably with the Isolates and kinds of medium tested. However. all isolates abundantly produced macroconidia on V-8 Agar. 4. The cross-inoculation tests with several forma specialis of F. oxysporum to cucumber, tomato, watermelon, luffa, cabbage, melon and strawberry were carried out. The isolates from strawberry viz. Kodama's F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae and S-1 of the authors were pathogenic to only strawberry. The fungus was also similar in morphology and symptoms to Kodama's and Winks' isolate of F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae. Therefore, the fungus is identified as Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp. fragariae Winks & Williams. 5. The most effective fungicides were Benomyl and Homai for inhibiting sporulation and mycelial growth of the fungus. 6 The cultivar Kurumae 35, Himiko, Senga gigana and Daehak I were resistant, whereas Hokowase, Instiate Z4, Juspa, Puget beauty and Marshall were susceptible to the fungus with artificial inoculation.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.170-178
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• 1992

Isolates of Botrytis cinerea resistant to dicarboximide fungicides were collected from strawberry fields in greenhouses in spring and early summer of 1990. Five out of 9 isolates of B. cinera were resistant, which showed mycerial growth on PDA containing dicarboximide fungicides(procymidone and vinclozolin) with concentrations of 100, 400 and $1,600{\mu}g/ml$. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) values of the dicaboximide-resistant isolates was more than $6,400{\mu}g/ml$, while that of the sensitive isolates was less than $6.25{\mu}g/ml$. The germination ratio of conidia of the resistant isolates on PDA containing procymidone and vincolozolin was more than 95%, while that of the sensitive was less than 15%. The procymidone-resistant isolates were also resistant to vinclozolin, showing cross-resistant between the fungicides, but cross-resistant was not observed between the dicarboximides and dichlofluanid. Resistance to benomyl was also found in all the dicarboximide resistant isolates. Occurrence frequency of dicarboximide-resistant isolates out of 223 isolates was about 40%. The resistant isolates were widely distributed throughout Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2020

The goal of this study was to investigate the diversity present among wild yeasts obtained from soils of spice fields and from mountain soils, and to further, characterize previously unrecorded novel wild yeast strains. In total, 36 strains from 17 different species of wild yeasts were isolated from 35 soil samples obtained from garlic fields of Geumsan, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. Among these, six yeast strains of Trichosporon moniliiforme, and four strains each of Papiliotrema flavescens and Candida melibiosica species were isolated. Additionally, 22 strains of 18 different species of wild yeasts were isolated from 32 soil samples collected from the ballonflower and ginger fields of Geumsan, Korea. Finally, 46 strains of wild yeasts were isolated from 35 soil samples obtained from Mt. Daedun in Geumsan, Korea. Among the total of 106 isolated wild yeast strains, 10 strains, including Debaryomyces vindobonensis GHY31-3 represented novel yeast strains which were previously unrecorded. All the 10 previously unrecorded yeasts were oval or global in shape, and five strains, including Filobasidium stepposum SFG1-4 formed ascospores. Three strains, including Pseudozyma alboarmeniaca CD 23-5 grew well in vitamin-free medium. Cell-free extract obtained from Filobasidium magnum SFG1-3 indicated 28.6% of xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.277-291
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• 2009

The flora in the region of Songnisan National Park ($N36^{\circ}28^{\prime}05^{{\prime}{\prime}}{\sim}36^{\circ}46^{\prime}38^{{\prime}{\prime}}$, $E\;127^{\circ}47^{\prime}06^{{\prime}{\prime}}{\sim}127^{\circ}57^{\prime}50^{{\prime}{\prime}}$) was surveyed from April 2000 to July 2006. Vascular plants in 26 collections included a total of 723 taxa: 115 families, 392 genera, 629 species, 4 subspecies, 72 varieties and 18 forms. Ninety-three of these taxa were first records for the region. In the flora of Songnisan National Park, 27 taxa were Korean endemic plants, 19 taxa were rare and endangered plants as designated by the Korea Forest Service. Forty-five of the taxa were with the levels III, IV, V in the floristic regional indicator plants which was designated by Korean Ministry of Environment, and 29 taxa were alien plants now naturalized in Korea. Owing to their unusual phytogeography and low number of populations, the taxa Crypsinus hastatus (Thunb.) Copel., Paeonia japonica (Makino) Miyabe & Takeda, Jeffersonia dubia (Maxim.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Baker & S.Moore, Bupleurum euphorbioides Nakai, Phacellanthus tubiflorus Siebold & Zucc., Lilium cernuum Kom., Gastrodia elata Blume and Cephalanthera erecta var. subaphylla (Miyabe & Kud ) Ohwi were considered the most important. Based on these results, it is clear that appropriate plans to conserve the natural habitat of Songnisan National Park must be made immediately.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.1430-1436
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• 2017

This study assessed the effects of treatment with sap extract from onion residues postharvest and purslane on the quality and quantity of organic onions. At the bending stage, onions treated with the sap extract showed vigorous growth, with higher plant heights, more leaves, and longer sheath lengths than untreated onions. The onion yield was significantly increased when the plant was treated with extracted sap as compared with that of untreated plants (p<0.05). The bulb weight distribution of onions in the mixed onion and purslane treatment was also significantly increased (~300 g) as compared with that of the other treatment (p<0.05). Except for CaO and S, the mineral content of the onions produced from plants treated with the onion and purslane extract mixture was higher than those of onions in the other treatment. The hardness of onions produced from plants treated with the onion and purslane extract was significantly increased (8% and 20%, respectively) as compared with that of onions produced from plants treated with the onion extract only or no treatment (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the sugar contents of the onions produced from extract-treated and nonextract-treated plants. Postharvest, the content of inorganic components (phosphate, calcium, sulfuric acid, and manganese) was higher in soil treated with the onion extract than in soil treated with the onion and purslane extract and non-treated soil. It can be concluded that residues left after onion harvests and purslane extract can be used as natural and environmentally friendly materials for the cultivation of organic onions.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 1987

The study was conducted to identify growth habit of Monochoria vaginalis gathered from three different locations (Suweon, Jeonju and Milyang). The plant height, number of leaves and dry weight of M. vaginalis gathered from three different locations were greatly affected by the seeding dates. The earlier the seeds of M. varginalis sown, the greater M. vaginalis grew, In general, the earlier seeding dates produced significantly longer plant height, number of leaves and dry weight than those of later seeding dates, showing no difference in the collection of weed seeds in different locality. The earlier seeding dates resulted in the earlier flowering, but the interval between dates of seeding and flowering decreased progressively as the seeding times were delayed. Seed production was not significant among three locations and but seeding date on June 15 produced th highest seed production as compared with other seeding times. No. of flowers and capsule per pot among yield components were two major factors affecting seed production.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic diversity of the bacterial community and isolation of extremely halophilic bacteria using culturomics in a gray solar saltern. The number of bacterial living cells, enumerated in a gray solar saltern by direct fluorescence microscopy was three to four orders of magnitude greater than those enumerated by plate counts, suggesting the distribution of 'viable but non-culturable bacteria'. The biodiversity of bacterial communities in a gray solar saltern was investigated by pyrosequencing, 1,778 OTUs of bacteria were comprised of 18 phyla 46 classes 85 orders 140 families 243 genera with 6.16 diversity index. Archaea communities were composed of 3 phyla 6 classes 7 orders 7 families 38 genera with 4.95 diversity index from 643 OTUs. Totally 137 isolates were isolated by 59 different cultural methods based on culturomics considering culture media and conditions suitable for the growth of extremely halophilic bacteria. Phylogenetic analyses of extremely halophilic isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, extremely halophilic isolates were composed of 4 phyla and 11 genera. Haloterrigena and Haloferax can be successfully isolated from culturomics. These culturomics were effective methods for collection of diversity of extremely halophilic bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.22-30
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• 1987

Maize plants, grown on a German soil and a Korean soil which had treated with benzene-ring-labelled $^{14}C-Bentazon$ (5.02mg/kg) immediately before planting (T-0), took up $36.0{\sim}42.8%$ of the radioactivity present during a 21 day growing period. Plants grown on the same soils $(4.79{\sim}4.84mg/kg)$ which had been treated with Bentazon and pre-incubeted for 105days absorbed $8.2{\sim}14.2%$ (T-1) of the radioactivity. Plants grown in soils $(5.56{\sim}7.95mg/kg)$ treated with Bentazon which had been incubated for 105 days and then exhaustively extracted with distilled water and/or 0.01 M $CaCl_2$ to produce non-extractable residues (T-2) took up $1.8{\sim}2.3%$ of the radioactivity. The distribution of the absorbed radioactivity ranged from 2.7 to 9.7% in shoots and from 90.3 to 97.3% in roots. Extraction of maize roots revealed that $39.1{\sim}51.3%$ of the radioactivity was bound in T-0 and $55.7{\sim}63.1%$ was bound in T-1, This suggests hat polar metabolites and parent Bentazon might be present as conjugates.