• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2001

This study was conducted to reveal the effects of local climatic conditions on the vegetative growth in a mature stand of Korean white pine based on climatic estimates. For this, the annual increments of stand variables such as DBH, height, basal area and volume were measured and estimated for seven years from 1974 to 1980. The local climatic conditions in the study site were also estimated by both a topoclimatological method and a spatial statistical technique. The local climatic conditions were then correlated with and regressed on the growth factors to reveal the relationships between the climatic estimates and the growth. It is found that relatively high temperatures had positive effects on the diameter growth. The yearly diameter growth increased when each of mean, maximum, and minimum temperature during the growing season was high. Height growth showed positively significant correlation with three climatic variables. The most important variable influencing height growth was the average of maximum temperature for 10 months from January to October. It means that the higher the average of maximum temperature for 10 months from January to October is, the more height growth of Korean white pine increases. Other climatic variables related to height growth were average of minimum temperature for 3 months in the early growing season and mean relative humidity for the growing season. Six climatic variables related to temperature had effects on basal area increment and all of them were positively correlated with basal area increment. Especially, temperatures from January to March were important factors affecting the basal area increment. In volume increment, high correlation was also recognized with most of temperature variables. This tendency was the same as the results in diameter and hight increments. This means that the volume growth increases when temperatures during the growing season are relatively high.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.74-78
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• 2003

작물은 환경의 영향, 특히 기상조건과는 밀접한 관계가 있으며, 많은 학자들이 기상과 작물의 생육에 대한 연구결과를 보고하였다. (Kwon 등, 1989, 1993, 1994, cho등, 1979, 1984, Lee,등, 1982, Park등, 1975 ; Won등, 1983). 본 실험에서는 여수 지역의 고추수량과 기상과의 관계에 대한 기초 자료뿐만 아니라 1991년부터 2000년 까지의 기상 환경과 고추의 수량관계를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 월별 기상요인중 5월의 평균기온이 25.0%로 가장 높았고, 최고기온이 7.1%, 최저기온이 8.8%로 각각 높았으며, 8월의 평균기온이 6.6%, 최고기온이 6,2%, 최저기온이 6,9%로 각각 비교적으로 낮아서 변이가 적었다. 2. 생육 및 수량형질의 변이 계수에서 수량은 13.57%로 매우 높아 품종고유의 유전특성의 지배를 적게 받는 반면, 경장은 9.55%로 높아서 어느정도 환경요인에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 기상요인과 수량 및 수량구성형질 간에서는 5월의 최고기온과 초장, 과장, 과경, 수량간에는 정의상관으로 유의성이 높았으며, 고추의 개화수정기간인 8월의 강수량과 초장, 과장, 수량간에는 부의 상관으로 유의성이 나타나 초기생육기인 5월의 높은기온과 개화기간인 8월의 적은 강수량이 높은 수량을 올릴수 있었다. 4. 수량과 수량형질 간에는 모두 정의상관으로 높게 유의성을 나타내었었다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.201-215
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• 2010

This paper aimed to analyze the impact of temperature rising on the change of cultivation area and yields of apple. This study used apple data from statistical year book and climate data from Daegu, Uiseong, and Jangsu weather station. It was investigated whether temperature rising have had significant impact on apple. In the 1970s, the apple grew mostly in the southern part of Gyeongsangbuk-do between regions in and around Daegu and Gyeongsan. Recently, the cultivation area and yields of apple were concentrated on northern part of Gyeongsangbuk-do between regions in and around Uiseong and Mungyeong. The mean temperature from April to October is good in Uiseong and Jangsu. But the mean temperature from April to October is higher than optimal condition in Daegu. It means that temperature rising have a bad influence in apple cultivation. The daily temperature range is decreasing in Daegu and Jangsu, but it is increasing in Uiseong.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.171-183
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• 2016

The effects of weather variations on winter hulless barley were analyzed using data obtained from winter crop situation test at Iksan from 1985 to 2015. The wintering stage in the 16 years from 2000 to 2015 has become colder and shorter than that in the previous 15 years from 1985 to 1999. This has resulted in an early sequence of regrowth date, heading date, and ripening date. Heading date of hulless barley was mostly influenced by regrowth date and period of stem elongation. Futher, the regrowth date and period of stem elongation were strongly negatively correlated with the average air temperature in February and the maximum air temperature in March, respectively. The number of spikes per $m^2$ and 1000-grain weight of Saechalssal cultivated from 2003 to 2015 showed strong positive correlations with yield. In early heading years, yield increased with extended ripening period and with increased 1000-grain weight. There was a strong negative correlation between 1000-grain weight and the average temperature during the ripening period. In the 15 years from 1985 to 1999, warm winters contributed to yield increase with increase in the number of spikes per $m^2$ and a long ripening period. In contrast, in the recent 16 years from 2000 to 2015, the large variability in air temperature during the wintering stage, the decreasing number of spikes per $m^2$ and the steadily increasing air temperature and decreasing precipitation during the ripening stage have caused high temperature stress and yield loss in late heading years.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.20-35
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• 2008

This study used crop data from statistics yearbooks in Naju and climate data from Gwangju weather station to investigate whether climate changes have had significant impact on crops. The sample crops are rice, barley, pear, radish, Korean cabbage and red pepper. The results showed that the changes in temperature have shifted crop phonology and affected crop growth. The rice and barley heading date were advancing and had negative correlation with average temperature over 30days before average heading date. The number of rice grains per unit area $(m^2)$ were decreasing while the number of barley grains per unit area $(m^2)$ were increasing because average temperature during grain filling period of rice (barley) was increasing (decreasing). Therefore, decreasing (increasing) yields of rice (barley) can be predicted by global warming. The sprouting, flowering and full flowering date of pear were advancing. The sprouting date of pear had negative correlation with average temperature from February to March and the flowering and full flowering date of pear had negative correlation with average temperature from February to April. The brix and weight of pear were increased and were most sensitive to August and September average temperature. An earlier blossom of pear trees holds the danger of damage by late frosts. The plant length of radish and chinese cabbage were decreasing and negatively influenced by maximum temperature on September. The fruit set numbers of red pepper were increasing recently and had positive correlation with minimum temperature on August. The growth of radish and Korean cabbage will be poor, but the growth of red pepper will be good by rising temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.200-200
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 SWAT 모형과 APEX-Paddy 모형의 연계 모델링을 통한 대표 BMP(Best management practice) 적용, 정식시기 및 벼 생육기간을 고려한 시나리오 적용을 통해 농업용수의 관리 및 수질환경 개선 등에 활용할 수 있는 저영향 영농활동을 분석하고자 하였다. 만경강 유역을 대상으로 SWAT 모형을 구축하고 유역 내에 위치한 논 시험포장을 대상으로 강우-유출 및 비점오염원 모니터링 자료를 활용하여 APEX-Paddy 모형을 구축하였다. SWAT 모형과 APEX 모형을 연계하여 유역의 수문, 수질에 대한 정밀한 모델링을 수행하였으며, 이는 저영향 영농활동을 분석하기 위한 필드단위의 정확한 결과를 유역차원에 반영하기 위함이다. 특히, 본 연구에 사용된 APEX-Paddy 모형은 농촌진흥청과 Texas A&M의 공동연구를 통해 개발된 새로운 모형으로서 한국의 논 영농활동 및 담수환경을 반영하여 논에서의 유출 및 비점오염원을 모의할 수 있다. 연계 모형의 적합성 평가를 위해 R² (Determine of Coefficient), RMSE (Root mean square error), NSE (Nash-sutcliffe efficiency)를 사용하였다. 적합성 평가 지표를 분석한 결과, 유출량은 R² 평균 0.91, RMSE 평균 2.87 mm/day, NSE 평균 0.78로 나타났다. T-N 부하량은 R² 평균 0.74, RMSE 평균 59.3 kg/ha/day, NSE 평균 0.50으로 나타났다. 저영향 영농활동 관리방안을 위한 시나리오로 1) 논의 물꼬높이(BMP) 관리 적용, 2) 벼 생육기간 조절을 고려하여 기온변화에 따른 정식시기, 벼 생육기간 등을 조정하여 적용하였다. 기후변화 시나리오는 10개 GCM 모델의 RCP 8.5 시나리오를 통해 분석하였으며, 유역차원의 미래 영향을 분석한 결과, 물꼬관리 BMP에 따라 담수심이 증가되며, 관개량이 감소하고 유출량 10.7%, T-N 11.2% 저감되는 것을 나타냈으며, 벼 생육기간 조절은 BMP보다 상대적으로 효과가 높진 않았지만, 유출량 1.4%, T-N 3.1%의 저감효과를 나타냈다. 따라서 두 가지의 저영향 영농활동 관리방안은 미래기간의 기후변화에 대응하여 농업용수 및 물관리에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. 하지만 본 연구결과는 모델링 결과에 의존한 것이며, 추후 지속적인 연구와 보완이 필요하다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.156-159
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• 2003

Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) cause severe damage in barley cropping field especially yield reduction about 40% to 100% depend on climatic conditions and varieties. The correlations between disease incidence (DI) and changes of climatic conditions were analyzed. The average temperature affected on the DI in early barley growing stage before wintering. However any factors was not correlated with DI during wintering season that means barley growth was closely related to virus reproduction. Significant correlation between the highest temperature and DI during barley regeneration time that temperature, especially the highest, has to be considered to set appropriate time for DI investigation.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.38-48
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• 2002

This study examines the relationships between atmospheric influences and grain yields including yield components as well as growth stages. Data used in this study were collected from the long-term field experiment at Suwon for the period between 1974 and 2000. Mean grain yield of barley cultivar, Olbori, for the recent 14 years(1987∼2000) with warm winters was higher by 0.42 ton per hectare than that for 27 years(1974∼2000) at Suwon as a result of the higher numbers of spikes per unit land area and grains per spike. However, the 1000-grain weight decreased by about 0.6 gram. Mean first day of regrowth for the recent 14 years was earlier by five days than that for 27 years. Also, beginning date of regrowth was positively correlated with that of heading and ripening. Mean period of ripening for the years of 1987 through 2000 was similar to that for 27 years, but mean period of overwintering was shorter by nine days than that for 27 years. On the other hand, mean periods of seedling and tillering were longer by three days than those for 27 years. Meteorological elements at various growth stages affecting grain yield of winter barley were air temperature (positive correlation) and sunshine hour (negative correlation) of overwintering stage, precipitation (negative correlation) of tillering stage, and potential evapotranpiration (positive correlation) of tillering stage. The 1000-grain weight was not significantly correlated with the meteorological elements. Culm length was negatively influenced by high temperature and dry weather situations during the ripening period, but spike length was positively influenced. Overall, it was found that grain yield of barley, cultivar Olbori, was iufluenced by meteorological elements of overwintering, tillering, and ripening stages.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2001

작물 발육단계의 정확한 진단은 그 시기의 생리적 반응을 이해하고 정확하고 정밀한 생육관리를 위해서 절대적으로 필요한 요소이다. 지금까지 벼의 발육단계 예측을 위한 모델에는 GDD를 이용하는 방법(이, 1972), 한 단계의 발육을 완료하는데 걸리는 기간(t)과 이 기간중의 평균기온, 평균일장의 단순회귀 또는 중회귀를 구하는 방법(Gao et al, 1989; Yin et al, 1995; 임, 1982), 평균발육속도(1/t)를 이 기간중의 평균온도와 평균일장의 함수로 표현해서 이를 적산하여 1이 되었을 때를 발육완료일로 나타내는 방법(이, 1987; 신 등, 2000), 발육기간이 시계열자료를 모두 고려하여 함수를 이용하지 않는 non-parametric 방법(이, 1991) 등이 있다.(중략)

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.209-221
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• 2015

Temperature is one of the most important factors affecting crop growth. The diurnal cycle of the scale factor [Tsc] for air temperature and the surface temperature of crop leaf and soil could be estimated by the following equation : $[Tsc]=0.5{\times}sin(X+C)+0.5$. The daily air temperature (E[Ti]) according to the E&E time [X] can be estimated by following equation using average (Tavg), maximum (Tm) and minimum (Tn) temperature : $E[Ti]=Tn+(Tm-Tn){\times}[0.5{\times}sin\;\{X+(9.646Tavg+703.65)\}+0.5]$. The crop leaf temperature in 24th June 2014 was high as the order of red pepper without mulching > red pepper with mulching > soybean under drought > soybean with irrigation > Chinese cabbage. The case in estimating crop leaf surface temperature using air temperature and soil surface temperature was lower in the deviation compared to the case using air temperature for Chinese cabbage and red pepper. These results can be utilized for the crop models as input data with estimation.