• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.69-80
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• 2015

This can be promoted collaboration environment for the system and the system is very important for competitiveness, it is equipped. If so, could work in collaboration with members of the organization to promote collaboration what factors? Organizational collaboration and cooperation of many people working, or worth pursuing common goals by sharing information and processes to improve labor productivity, defined as collaboration. Factors that promote collaboration are shared visions, the organization's principles and rules that reflect the visions, on-line system developments, and communication methods. First, it embodies the vision shared by the more sympathetic members are active and voluntary participation in the activities of the organization can be achieved. Second, the members are aware of all the rules and principles of a united whole is accepted and leads to good performance. In addition, the ability to share sensitive business activities for self-development and also lead to work to make this a regular activity to create a team that can collaborate to help the environment and the atmosphere. Third, a systematic construction of the online collaboration system is made efficient and rapid task. According to Student team and A corporation we knew that Cloud services and social media, low-cost, high-efficiency services could achieve. The introduction of the latest information technology changes, the members of the organization's systems and active participation can take advantage of continuing education must be made. Fourth, the company to inform people both inside and outside of the organization to communicate actively to change the image of the company activities, the creation of corporate performance is very important to figure. Reflects the latest trend to actively use social media to communicate the effort is needed. For development of systematic collaboration promoting model steps to meet the organizational role. First, the Chief Executive Officer to make a firm and clear vision of the organization members to propagate the faith, empathy gives a sense of belonging should be able to have. Second, middle managers, CEO's vision is to systematically propagate the organizers rules and principles to establish a system would create. Third, general operatives internalize the vision of the company stating that the role of outside companies must adhere. The purpose of this study was well done in collaboration organizations promoting factors for strategic alignment model based on the golden circle and collaboration to understand and reflect the latest trends in information technology tools to take advantage of smart work and business know how student teams through case analysis will derive the success factors. This is the foundation for future empirical studies are expected to be present.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.521-528
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• 1988

Into the telecommunications industry, which had been monopolistic, a few advanced countries introduced competition through 70's and 80's. And this trend is going on worldwide. The introduction of competition into the industry is made mainly in the long distance, international and enhanced market. This liberalisation results from the fundamental change of the cost function. Suggesting that the cost comprises of that of the facility sector and that of the operation sector there exists the economies of scale in the facility sector in general. The major ground for the monopolistic industrial structure in the past was the natural monopoly depending on the economies of scale. But the rapid advance of the technology by a large margin. This decrease has resulted in the change of the cost function. That is while there exists the economies of scale in the smaller production scale, the average cost increases beyond a certain scale. This means that the natural monopoly collapsed, and that the competitive structure is more efficient than the monopolistic structure. But, because there exists economies of scale in the smaller scale, the desirable number of players, which could result in efficient industry structure depends on the market size. Such correlation between technological level market size and the degree of regulation is found in the case of U.S.A., Japan and U.K., where deregulation policy of the telecommunications market has already been carried out. In U.S.A., which has the largest market and the highest technological level the degree of regulation is lowest. Also in the order of Japan and U.K. the regulation is severer. Japan and U.K. are likely to liberalize still more, as the technology advances and the market grows. This article is just the beginning of the research, and this hypothesis requires more detailed research.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2016

This study examined the characteristics of the hourly demand of city gas in Korea and proposed multiple regression models to obtain precise estimates of the hourly demand of city gas. Forecasting the hourly demand of city gas with accuracy is essential in terms of safety and cost. If underestimated, the pipeline pressure needs to be increased sharply to meet the demand, when safety matters. In the opposite case, unnecessary inventory and operation costs are incurred. Data analysis showed that the hourly demand of city gas has a very high autocorrelation and that the 24-hour demand pattern of a day follows the previous 24-hour demand pattern of the same day. That is, there is a weekly cycle pattern. In addition, some conditions that temperature affects the hourly demand level were found. That is, the absolute value of the correlation coefficient between the hourly demand and temperature is about 0.853 on average, while the absolute value of the correlation coefficient on a specific day improves to 0.861 at worst and 0.965 at best. Based on this analysis, this paper proposes a multiple regression model incorporating the hourly demand ahead of 24 hours and the hourly demand ahead of 168 hours, and another multiple regression model with temperature as an additional independent variable. To show the performance of the proposed models, computational experiments were carried out using real data of the domestic city gas demand from 2009 to 2013. The test results showed that the first regression model exhibits a forecasting accuracy of MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) around 4.5% over the past five years from 2009 to 2013, while the second regression model exhibits 5.13% of MAPE for the same period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.289-289
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• 2009

당근은 우리나라에서 재배되고 있는 채소 중에서 대표적인 비타민 A의 급원으로서 매우 중요한 근채류이다. 최근 친환경농산물에 대한 관심과 요구가 급증하면서 소비자들은 고품질 당근을 선호하고 있으나 유기농 당근생산에 대한 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구는 관행 및 유기농 재배가 당근의 생육과 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 공시품종은 '조춘5촌당근'(세미니스, A), '선홍봄5촌당근'(농우종묘, B), '홍심5촌당근'(대농종묘, C), '춘홍5촌당근'(사카타, D), '하파5촌당근'(신젠타종묘, E), '홍심5촌당근'(경신종묘, F)으로 전체 6개 품종이며, 경기도 평택시 유천동 대농종묘(주) 육종연구소 N2, N3 하우스에 9월 8일 파종하였고 재배방법은 유기농 및 관행재배표준법에 준하여 실시하였다. 관행과 유기농 재배 후 12월 3일에 수확하여 엽중, 근중, 근장, 근경, 코어, 추근성, 근피색과 가용성 당함량을 조사하였다. 근피색은 Colorimeter(Minolta, CR-400)를 이용하여 Hunter값인 L(밝기), a(녹색-적색), 그리고 b(파란색-노란색)로 표시하였다. 가용성 당함량 조사는 HPLC를 이용하여 분석하였다. 엽중은 유기농 재배 F품종에서 26.0g으로 가장 무거웠고 전체적으로 유기농 재배구에 비해 관행 재배구에서 엽중이 무거웠다. 근장은 모든 품종에서 관행구에 비해 유기농 재배구에서 현저히 길게 나타나 재배 방법 간의 유의차를 보였으며 유기농 재배의 경우 근장이 17.9cm ~ 19.0cm 범위로 품종간 유의성은 없었다. 근중은 전체적으로 관행 재배구가 우수하거나 유기농 재배구와 비슷한 경향을 보였고, 특히 관행 재배구 B품종이 58.1g, A품종이 57.1g으로 가장 무겁게 나타나 재배방법 및 품종간 비교에서 우위를 나타냈다. 당근 뿌리의 명도를 나타내는 Hunter L값은 모든 품종에서 관행 재배구가 높게 나타났으며 특히 관행재배구의 최하위 L값(45.80)이 유기농 재배구의 최상위 L값(44.81)이 보다 높게 나타나 관행 재배를했을 경우 뿌리 광택이 더욱 우수함을 알 수 있었다. Hunter b값은 노란색을 나타내는데 B품종에서 유기농 재배구 19.68, 관행 재배구 19.55로 모든 품종 중에서 가장 높은 수치를 보였다. Fructose 함량은 D품종이 관행 재배구와 유기농 재배구에서 각각 $8.5mg{\cdot}g^{-1}FW,\;8.3mg{\cdot}g^{-1}FW$을 함유하여 가장 많게 나타났고, glucose 함량은 관행 재배구에서 D품종이 $41.5mg{\cdot}g^{-1}FW$을 함유하여 가장 많았고 유기농 재배구에서도 역시 D품종이 $35.7mg{\cdot}g^{-1}FW$을 함유하여 가장 많게 나타났다. Sucrose 함량은 모든 품종의 관행 재배구에서 현저하게 높게 나타났다. 가용성 당함량은 F품종만이 유기농 재배구에서 높게 나타났지만, 다른 5개 품종의 관행 재배구와 비교했을 때는 가장 적은 수치를 나타내 적절한 비배관리를 통한 관행 재배 방법이 가용성 당함량을 증가시킨 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로 생육 및 품질은 관행재배에서 유기농 재배에 비해 우수하였고 근장은 유기농재배에서 길게 나타났고 가용성당람량 역시 관행재배에서 대체적으로 높게 나타났지만 품종에 따라 유기농재배에서도 높게 조사된 것도 있어 앞으로 유기농 재배에 적합한 당근 품종선발이 필요하다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.77-101
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• 2009

Organic farming in Korea has mainly focused on producing vegetables in plastic film house and cereals in paddy field. For high productivity of vegetables and cereals, most Korean farmers have not applied crop rotation in the cropping system. Thus, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of crop rotation on the yield of red pepper and green onion, the changes in soil fertility and the potential as green manure of rye and hairy vetch. Rye and hairy vetch were cultivated for winter season every year, and directly incorporated into the soil. The yield of red pepper fruits in organic farming using crop rotation (OFCR) decreased 23 to 36% compared with conventional farming system (CFS). Whereas, green onion showed the increased yield of about 13%. In OFCR, total carbon content of soil was higher, however available phosphate content lower than conventional farming. As a result of measuring the bulk density of soil, OFCR and CFS were 1.26 to $1.35Mg/m^3$ and 1.37 to $1.42Mg/m^3$, respectively. Carbon and nitrogen contents of microbial biomass in OFCR were obviously higher compared with the CFS. In the plot cultivated rye for winter season, the weed germination was strongly reduced (about 52 %). Balance of macro nutrient elements, nitrogen and phosphate, in the application of rye and hairy vetch had a minus value. For potassium, the output value was higher than the input one, therefore organic farming under red pepper-rye or hairy vetch systems requires applying additional potassium input. Also, we selected two hairy vetch varieties of cv. Hungvillosa and Ostsaat which can be adapt at Korea climate. In order to estimate a yield of green manures, the weight of shoot and root was measured. The ratio of shoot and root between rye and hairy vetch showed 0.88 and 1.91, respectively. The potential levels of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium which could be supplied from rye were 7.7, 7.8 and 21.9 kg/10a and from hairy vetch were 17.0, 8.6 and 22.9 kg/10a, respectively. So we recommend that cultivating hairy vetch, as a nutrient supplier, and rye, as an amendment to enhance the soil physical property, for winter season be practical method in Korea organic farming system.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2002

The need for ready-to-wear clothing increases as the problem comes to arise from the fit of custommade clothing due to the characteristics of middle-aged women's somatotype. At this point of time, a study on the realities of production of custom-made clothing in middle-aged women's clothing business firms is of very greatly significance. Therefore, this study was intended to identify the problem and improvements through the survey research of production of custom-made clothing in middle-aged women's clothing business firms and further present the plan for development of custom-made clothing business. The questionnaire was framed based on the contents extracted from the preliminary questionnaire research for the pattern section chief of each business firm. Collected data were statistically processed using the SPSS 10.0 Windows program. As a result, the following findings were obtained: 1. The target age of the middle-aged women's clothing business firms ranged from more than 45 years to less than 50 years of age. Clothing business firms much made inroads into the ready-to-wear clothing market largely in the 1980s and the 1990s. Their active entry into the custom-made clothing market occurred in the 1970s and the 1980s. 2. In terms of the clothing production method of middle-aged women's clothing firms, some private boutique and designer brand clothing firms entered the clothing market with a focus on custom-made clothing in the beginning of its organization and introduced the production method of ready-to-wear clothing in accordance with changes in production methods and consumers' needs and wants. National brand clothing firms manufactured clothing with a focus on ready-to-wear clothing from the beginning of its organization, but at last they manufactured both partial custom-made and whole custom-made as the problem arose from ready-to-wear clothing. Seeing that their clothing production showed the ratio readyto-wear to custom-made clothing of 2.58:1. And it was found that the manufacture of ready-to-wear and custom-made clothing took into consideration the great difference in the pattern, size and design plan. The research of the clothing production process showed that whole custom-made and partial custommade were distinguished according to whether or not the sample was presented. 3. The ready-to-wear pattern of middle-aged women's clothing firms were used with a focus on the 'patternmaker-developed pattern' and company-developed pattern'. Most clothing businesses produced clothing in 4 to 5 basic sizes, which is found to be insufficient to complement the physical characteristics of middle-aged women with many specific somatotypes. In the pattern of custom-made clothing, the 'pattern of ready-to-wear were applied' or the 'customized pattern was developed'. Actual measurements were most used as the size of custom-made, and accordingly it is predicted that the level of satisfaction is higher with the fit of custom-made clothing than that of ready-to-wear. The selling place and the head office showed the similar percent as the place for measuring the size of custom-made clothing. Size measurers were mostly the shop master. And it was found that most clothing business firms had a problem when the measured size was applied to the pattern. Accordingly, it is necessary to provide education on size measurement for shop masters. 4. It was found that in the middle-aged women's clothing firms, the pattern correction of the length of sleeve, jacket and slacks occupied the highest percent. Accordingly, it is necessary to provide for the size system to complement the accurate somatotype characteristics of middle-aged women. 5. In custom-made clothing customer management, most firms engaged in customer somatotype management through size management. They provided customers with commodity information by informing them of the sales and event period and practiced human management for customers by maintaining the get-together and friendly relationship. 6. Middle-aged women's clothing businesses responded that it would be necessary to improve the fit of custom-made clothing and complement their pursuit for individuality as the plan to improve its quality. In consequence, it suggests that middle-aged women's clothing businesses should provide middle-aged women with the clothing of better-suited size and refined design. Middle-aged women's clothing businesses responded that it was the most urgent task to form the custom-made clothing manufacturing team as the plan to expand the custom-made clothing market, which is identified as their emphasis on the systematized production of custom-made clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.136-146
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• 1999

The telemetry system for the oxygen, pH, turbidity and the distribution ecology of fishes was constructed by the authors in order to product and manage effectively in shallow sea culture and setnets fisheries, and then the experiments for the telemetry system carried out at the culturing fishing ground in coast of Sanyang-Myon, Kyoungsangnam-Do and the set net fishing ground located Nungpo bay in Kojedo province respectively from October, 1997 to June 1998.As those results, the techniques suggested in the telemetry system for which find out the relationship between the physical and chemical environment in the sea and the distribution ecology of fishes gave full display its function, and its system could be operated as real time system. This research can also provide base-line data to develope a hybrid system unifying the marine environment information and the fisheries resources information in order to manage effectively coastal fishing ground.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.88-97
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• 2009

This study was conducted to obtain the basic information to increase the practical use of soil survey data through the subdividing of lava shapes with soil sequences due to different elevations in Jeju. The numbers of soil series of lava topography had occupied many of whole soil series in Jeju. When its topography subdivide, it give more detailed soil information. The obtained results are as follows; The lava topography to subdivide lava topography were studied with 38 soil series according to elevation in Jeju. Division of elevation are less than 50m, 50m to 200m, and 200m to 400m and more than 400m. Name the depending on elevation, less than 50m is called lower part of lava, 50m to 200m is called middle part of lava, and 200m to 400m and more than 400m are called upper part of lava. The characteristics of lava subdivide are as follows; soil family texture of lower part of lava is fine silty to clayey, drainage classes are various, average of available soil depth is 75.3cm, average of gravely contents are 11.6%, average of slopeness is 7.2%, limiting factor are various and soil order are various. soil family texture of middle part of lava is fine silty to coarse silty, drainage classes are well to very well, average of available soil depth is 65.9cm, average of gravely contents are 14.7%, average of slopeness is 11.3%, limiting factor are ashy and soil order are Andisols and Inceptisols. Soil family texture of upper part of lave is fine silty, drainage classes are well, average of available soil depth is 72.8cm, average of gravely contents are 16.0%, average of slopeness is 14.9%, limiting factor are ashy and skeletal, and order are Andisols.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.446-455
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• 2015

Based on comparative studies on standards and grading procedures of machine graded lumber in Korea and other countries, this study proposed a procedure of determining the grade classification and design strengths of domestic machine graded lumber. Differences between machine stress rated lumber and E-rated laminations were detailed in order to clarify the need for the procedure improvement. To this improvement the use of average MOE requirement for grading was introduced instead of the fixed minimum MOE requirement which is currently used in the Korean standards. It was found that the fixed minimum MOE requirement method was easier for an inspector to grade but, less efficient as a strength predictor than the average MOE requirement method. The advantage of average MOE requirement method is statistically MOR-MOE regression-based MOR prediction and highly efficient in quality control though it requires a computer-aided operation system in an initial setup. A major weakness of the current Korean grading system was found that different strength characteristics depending on wood species were not reflected on the grade classification and the tabulated allowable design stress. The proposed procedures were developed taking advantages of respective merits of both methods and based on MOR-MOE regression analysis. Through this procedure, the grades of machine stress rated lumber should be revised to become interchangeable with E-rated lamination, which would be beneficial to the cost competitiveness of domestic machine graded lumber and glued laminated timber industry.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.8-34
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• 2014

We reviewed foreign evaluation systems based on the macrobenthic and macroalgal communities and developed a system, composed of a set of ecological indices able to evaluate the functionality (FI, Functional Index; estimation of stability and productivity) and maturity (MI, Maturity Index; comparisons with biological parameters of natural reefs) of artificial reefs by comparing the status in the adjacent natural reefs in Korean coastal waters. The evaluation system was applied to natural and artificial reefs/reef-planned areas (natural reefs), established in the 5 marine ranching areas (Bangnyeong-Daechung, Yeonpyung, Taean, Seocheon and Buan) in the west coast of Korea. The FI ranged between 31.6 (Bangnyeong-Daechung) and 72.5% (Buan) and MI did between 53.1 (Seocheon) and 76.9% (Taean) in average. The evaluation of artificial reefs by the two indices, showed the most appropriate status in Taean. The FI between the adjacent artificial and natural reefs were in significant linear relationship ($r^2=0.83$, p=0.01). This indicated the local status of biological community may be critical in determining the functionality of the artificial reefs. We have suggested an integrative but preliminary evaluation system of artificial reefs in this study. The output from the evaluation system may be utilized as a tool for environment/resource managers or policy makers, responsible for effective use of funds and decision making. Given the importance, we need to use the options to enhance and improve the accuracy as follows: (1) continuous validation of the evaluation system and rescaling the criteria of indicators, (2) vigorous utilization of observation and experience through the application and data accumulation and (3) development and testing of brand-new indicators.