• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.112-118
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to clarify the characteristics of the soundscape in a natural park and an urban park. The study sites were a natural park (Chiaksan Nationalpark) and an urban park (Rose Park) in Wonju City, Gangwon Province. Soundscape recording was conducted using Digital Recorder from April 2015 to January 2016. The analysis period was 8 days per season, with a total of 64 days (2 places). Analysis items were soundscape's daily cycle, soundscape type, and seasonal variation. According to the result of the daily cycle analysis of the soundscape, the natural park was dominated by the biophony in accordance with the cycle of the sun, and the airplane sound was observed in the daytime. Meanwhile, anthrophony was consistently produced in the urban park 24 hours a day. As a result of the detailed type analysis of the soundscape, the sources of biophony were classified into wild birds, mammals, insects and amphibians, and the sources of geophony were classified into rain and wind. The anthrophony was mostly airplane sound. In the urban park, wild birds appeared to most influence the biophonic sounds while rain and the wind were the most frequent sounds that contribute to geophony. The most influential components of anthrophony in the urban park were in the order of automobiles, people, music, construction, cleaning, and airplane sound. As a result of the seasonal difference analysis of the soundscape, it was statistically significant that the natural park shows higher biophony in spring, summer, and autumn compared to the urban park. Anthrophony in the urban park appeared to be higher than the natural park in all seasons. The significance of this study is that it is the first study to identify the characteristics of the soundscape of a natural park and an urban park emanating from different landscapes in South Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.447-449
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• 2007

유해성 적조생물인 C. polykrikoides에 대한 해역별 적조잠재력 평가를 위하여 유해성 적조가 자주 발생하는 남해안의 소리도 부근해역, 광양만, 남해도 주변해역, 거제만, 부산연안의 해수 및 해저퇴적물을 채집하여 배양실험을 실시하였다. 실험을 위한 기본배지는 f/2배지에서 배양조건은 온도 $20^{\circ}C$, 염분 34, 조도 2000Lux, 그리고 실험생물은 대수증식기의 C. polykrikoides를 $300cells/m{\ell}$접종하였다. 해역별 해수에 대한 적조생물 성장은 광양만에서 가장 높아 적조발생 잠재력이 가장 높았고, 다음은 부산 기장, 거제, 남해연안 순서로 성장이 높게 나타났으며, 질산성 질소 농도는 $0.35{\sim}24.74{\mu}M$ 범위로 적조생물의 성장과 같은 순서를 나타내었다. 한편 해저 퇴적물 용출액은 적조생물의 성장을 현저히 촉진시켰으며, 남해도 미조연안의 해저 퇴적물 용출액에서 적조발생 잠재력이 가장 높았고, 부산 형제도연안, 광양만, 거제만, 소리도연안의 해저퇴적물 순서로 적조생물의 성장을 촉진시키는 결과를 나타내었다. 그리고 적조생물의 성장은 인산염의 농도에 의해서 성장이 결정되었던 것으로 추정되며, 용출된 인산염의 농도 $1.59{\sim}10.39{\mu}M$ 범위로 남해 미조연안, 부산 형제도 연안, 광양만, 거제만, 소리도 연안 순서로 C. polykrikoides의 성장과 같은 순서로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.226-230
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• 1992

5마리의 안주애기박쥐(Vespenilio superons) 새끼들의 Isolation call에 대해 연구를 하였다. 이들의 소리는 각각의 unit(2-9)로 구성되어 있으며 연결음을 내고 있다. 배음의 unit가운데 기본음의 주파수 범위는 5-23 kHz에 놓여 있다. 주파수 변조 패턴에 따라 대개의 unit들은 2타임으로 분류되나, 개체적 변이가 발견되었다. 새끼들의 소리는 개체마다 특징적으로 나타났다. (unit 수/call, 사용된 unit 유형, 주파수 범위 ); 이들의 전형적인 유형은 발달 과정을 통해 고유한 소리로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.199.2-199
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• 1998

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.170.3-171
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• 2001

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.30-34
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• 2016

인간은 소리를 통해 많은 정보를 얻을 수 있다. 누가 어떤 말을 하는지 뿐만 아니라, 상황에 따라서는 소리가 발화된 환경 또한 시각적인 정보 없이 유추할 수 있다. 이러한 판단을 내리기까지, 인간은 경험을 통해 스스로 학습하는 과정을 거친다. 이와 같은 학습 과정에 생물의 사고과정을 모방하여 복잡한 상관관계를 추론하는 인공지능형 알고리즘을 적용하면, 인간의 두뇌가 경험을 통해 학습하고 판단하던 역할을 기계적으로도 모방할 수 있게 된다. 본고에서는 음향이 발화된 환경의 정보를 나타낼 수 있는 파라미터들에 대해 알아보고, 그 파라미터들을 지능형 알고리즘을 이용해 도출해내는 과정과 기법들을 소개한다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.159-169
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• 2008

This study was aimed to classify the intertidal macrozoobenthic community status after 2 years of Sea Prince oil spill, and oil spill effects along oil spreading track from heavily impacted to unaffected reference site. Field sampling was initiated in late February and continued through November 1998 seasonally, after 2.5 years of oil spill. 7 rocky sampling sites were selected among coastal regions coated and/or affected by the Sea Prince spilled oil. Identified species was 158 species, 65 family, 24 order, 9 class, 5 phylum. Mollusca was the dominant faunal group comprising 100 species (63.3%), and followed by 38 species of Crustacea (24.1%), 12 species of Echinodermata (7.6%), 5 species of Porifera (3.2%), and 3 species of Cnidaria (1.9%). On Dugpo of Sori Island, the fewest species was collected from 28 species to 35 species seasonally among sampling stations. But far away Dugpo toward Gamak Bay, the number of species increased, collecting the maximum on Sohwoenggan Island. At the wreck site of Sori Island, especially the species number of attached animals such as poriferans and anthozoans was very low compared to another site. The density and biomass on the higher tidal zone increased toward the low affected sites, but biomass on middle tidal zone decreased. The invertebrate biomass of study area was dependent on the sessile animals. The major dominant species were small-sized barnacles, Chthmallus challengeri, periwinkles, Littorina brevicula, mussels, Septifer virgatus, and so on. The biomass of C. challengeri and L. brevicula on the higher tidal zone was highest in the wreck site of Sori Island and decreased further and further. However, mussels on the middle tidal zone showed the inverse trends because of the larger individual size of mussel inhabited in Sori Island than those of another sites. As a result of community analysis, the effect of oil spill was not found distinctly. Several ecological indices and cluster analysis did not show the meaningful variation with oil track despite of the conspicuous differences among tidal heights. These indicate that the macrozoobenthic community level of oil spreaded zone recovered in some degree after the Sea Prince oil spill accident, but population or individual levels of dominant sessile animals took more recovery times.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2007

To investigate the spatial distribution and daily calling pattern of the Gold-spotted pond frog, Rana chosenica, in Chungju city and Chungwon gun, Chungbuk province, Korea, we divided the study area into 226 plots with a $2{\times}2km^2$ plot on the map, of which we assigned 32 plots for monitoring populations. Call monitoring on whether the species are present or not were conducted for 5 minutes in between sunset and the midnight from at the end of May to July in 2006. Gold-spotted pond frogs were detected at least once four out of 32 plots. Using program Presence, we obtained site occupancy rate as 0.170 which was quite low compared with other species, while detection probability was 0.66 that propose at least three times to visit the monitoring site to confirm the absence of the frogs. The frogs were actively calling from 21:00 to 02:00, and the number of calling male was significantly and highly correlated with water temperature and humidity. This study shows the present status of the Gold-spotted pond frogs in Chungju city and Chungwon gun and we suggests various effective monitoring methods based on the this study.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.258-263
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• 2005

Feeding habits of Hapalogenys mucronatus (10.1~22.1 cm) collected from coastal waters off Sori Island, Yeosu, from June 2003 to May 2004 were studied. H. mucronatus is a carnivore which consumes mainly caridean shrimp, crabs, polychaetes, and amphipods. Its diet includes small quantities of bivalves, cephalopods, seagrass, hermit crabs, isopods, eggs, mysids, gastropods, and copepods. H. mucronatus undergoes significant size-related changes; smaller fish (10~11.9 cm) prey mainly on amphipods, shrimps and bivalves, while the proportion of caridean shrimp increases with fish size (12~17.9 cm). The larger fishes (18~22.1 cm) eat caridean shrimps and polychaetes.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.684-690
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• 2013

The antioxidant and photoprotective effects of various extracts from the roots of Rumex crispus L. were evaluated. The concentrations ($IC_{50}$) of various extracts required to exert a 50% reducing effect on a DPPH radical were found to be 0.005~0.093 mg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract showed a more remarkable effect than the positive control ascorbic acid. The concentrations ($QC_{50}$) of the butanol and ethyl acetate extracts required to exert a 50% reducing effect on the singlet oxygen $^1O_2$ were found to be 0.464 and 0.365 mg/mL, respectively. Both extracts were also found to protect the in vitro biological system from the detrimental effect of a singlet oxygen $^1O_2$ on type II photosensitization in E. coli and genomic DNA. Among all the tested extracts, the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts contained higher amounts of total phenolic contents. The results suggest that our study may contribute to the development of new bioactive products with potential applications to the reduction of photo-produced oxidative stress involving reactive oxygen species in living organisms.