• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.428-437
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• 2017

Recently, local government has established a development strategy which takes into account the quality of each area, in order to solve the problems posed by poor development, hindrance of the urban landscape, the limits imposed by relevant laws, etc. However, the number of floors is an important factor which determines the urban landscape, planning density and quality of the external space. This planning factor has a very different effect according to the terrestrial circumstances, number of households, underparking ratio, green space ratio and floor area ratio. Therefore, in this study, a case analysis and case study are conducted and the correlation between each index is clarified. The conclusions of this study are follows. Firstly, flexibility should be ensured by taking into consideration the density indicators, average number of floors, and residential environmental performance measures in related laws and systems. Secondly, it is necessary to develop a wide-area planning method that extends the planning concept from the beginning of planning to neighboring blocks or cities. Thirdly, deregulation measures should be implemented, such as establishing specialized strategies for each region, and regulatory measures for encouraging different types of development.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2012

Recently, as the prevalence of high-performance mobile devices and the application of the multimedia content are expanded, Super Resolution (SR) technique which reconstructs low resolution images to high resolution images is becoming important. And in the mobile devices, the development of the SR algorithm considering the operation quantity or memory is required because of using the restricted resources. In this paper, we propose a new single frame fast SR technique suitable for mobile devices. In order to prevent color distortion, we change RGB color domain to HSV color domain and process the brightness information V (Value) considering the characteristics of human visual perception. First, the low resolution image is enlarged by the improved fast back projection considering the noise elimination. And at the same time, the reliable edge map is extracted by using the LoG (Laplacian of Gaussian) filtering. Finally, the high definition picture is reconstructed by using the edge information and the improved back projection result. The proposed technique removes effectually the unnatural artefact which is generated during the super resolution restoration, and the edge information which can be lost is amended and emphasized. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm provides better performance than conventional back projection and interpolation methods.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.583-593
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• 2018

Le Corbusier is an architect known for his use of mostly white color during the Purism period. On the other hand, he actually utilized polychromy in his works while the principles behind his use of polychromy is not well defined. Through the analysis of the Pessac project, where he deliberately utilized polychromy in the exterior of housing, this study examined not only the principles behind his utilization of colors, but also the fact that this project was a laboratory to set up his architectural language and develop the method of how to employ polychromy. An analysis of this project found that he changed spaces and categorized objects using polychromy based on the white color. He also chose and used colors based on the psychophysiological experience that is related to emotions and habits. To compensate for the problems arising from the architectural space and form in the site, he used various techniques, such as camouflage, optical illusion, 'gift box' technique, and dismantlement method of volume. Therefore, polychromy is used as a method to emphasize his architectural language.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.42
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• pp.37-62
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• 2020

The earth is a natural material that has natural healing power,,as a natural ingredient, it brings environmental friendliness, emotional. In this Research, for one of the methods to expand the benefits as a healing space, Construction of the Earth design and earth construction methods have been actively used for effectiveness of the Earth in the construction of the interior with the oriental medical clinic. By utilizing the concept of biophilic design as a healing environment design, symbolizing nature such as color, light, plants, flowers, and natural materials such as earth and wood was directed as oriental medicine interiors. In addition, the space was divided according to the movement of patients and used different Earth construction method to each of the space for the distinction and differentiation according to the characteristics of each space. At this time, the Earth was constructed with materials and finishing materials that meet the highest grade of HB (Healthy Building), an eco-friendly building material certification grade without additives, so that the interior and medical treatment concept can be done at the same time. By using Earth as the basis of elements in the construction, and the design of healing space, patient the concept of Biophillic as a healing environment design. This may serve as a technical, aesthetic, and cultural basis for constructing a healing space by Earth in the future-oriented alternative, it may lead to necessity of eco-friendly and ecological architecture, and it may be an opportunity to expand the application area of earth in architectural design.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.123-142
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• 2022

The non-face-to-face environment accelerated by COVID-19 has speeded up the dissemination of digital virtual ecosystems and metaverse. In order for the metaverse to be sustainable, digital twins that are compatible with the real world are key, and critical technology for that is AR (Augmented Reality). In this study, we examined research trends about AR, and will propose the directions for future AR research. We conducted LDA based topic modeling on 11,049 abstracts of published domestic and foreign AR related papers from 2009 to Mar 2022, and then looked into AR that was comprehensive research trends, comparison of domestic and foreign research trends, and research trends before and after the popularity of metaverse concepts. As a result, the topics of AR related research were deduced from 11 topics such as device, network communication, surgery, digital twin, education, serious game, camera/vision, color application, therapy, location accuracy, and interface design. After popularity of metaverse, 6 topics were deduced such as camera/vision, training, digital twin, surgical/surgical, interaction performance, and network communication. We will expect, through this study, to encourage active research on metaverse AR with convergent characteristics in multidisciplinary fields and contribute to giving useful implications to practitioners.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.563-569
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• 2014

Ruby is one of the most favor colored gem, for beautiful red tone, be high in scarcity value. However, rubies with high quality are produced in restricted regions, such as in Thailand, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, and Tanzania etc., and they have been gradually exhausted by mining for a long period. Therefore, improving qualities of low level rubies with various treatments is arising an alternative way to obtain better rubies. Gemological and mineralogical properties of the natural ruby from Tanzanian were studied with heat treatments. Those characteristics were compared between only heat and adding flux materials under heating. Tanzanian raw rubies were applied a heat treatment ($1,600^{\circ}C$ for 6 hours). However, chromameter and UV-Vis analyses found that a simple heat treatment is inappropriated for the Tanzanian ruby. Although $Cr^{3+}$ containing for red color in the ruby increased with heat treatment, the ruby displays dark medium red because of Fe in the ruby as a form of $Fe_2O_3$. The low transparency after heat treatment is attributed to the recrystallization of $SiO_2$ which has a low melting point. Chromameter confirmed adding Pb-containing flux under heating greatly improves the clarity and color of Tanzanian rubies with micro-fractures and cavities on the surface. EMPA results show that Pb as an additive fills the cavities and cracks on raw Tanzanian rubies during the heat treatment. As a rewult of it, the quality of the Tanzanian ruby raw dramatically improved. These results indicate that the heat treatment with an additive (Pb in this study) is an effective way to obtain better quality of the Tanzanian ruby. Consequently, this study suggests a suitable method to improve the properties of the Tanzanina ruby. The result of this study would provide useful information to upgrade the qualities of similar gem stones such as corundum and sapphire.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.49-57
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• 2020

Traditional landscape is a cultural asset left by Seonhyeon to modern society, and it can not only understand the landscape culture of ancient tradition but also provides / provided a new creative material for modern landscape designs / designed. However, it is well known that Korea and China have a relationship between the development and exchange of landscaping in a global background, the succession of traditional landscape architecture culture in a global background covers many dimensions, including protection, development and innovation, and that "traditional and modern" and "regionally and internationality" should be harmonized with each other. This study uses traditional Korean and Chinese landscaping buildings as research subjects to extract and organize related data through various channels, including basic literature research that understands the history and culture of the two countries. I interpreted the cultural backgrounds of the two countries by dividing them into religious ideas, traditional culture, and natural views, and highlighted the history of development and the relationship between the two countries. Based on this, it analyzed the differences created by traditional landscaping between Korea and China, and also specifically analyzed the "creation of righteous army" and "the law of righteous army." In particular, this study sought to inherit and innovate traditional landscape culture for the internationalization of "One Belt, One Road" based on the characteristics of Korea and China's landscape through a comparative analysis of the construction elements and methods of Yihwawon of the Ming and Qing periods and Gyeongbokgung Palace of the Joseon Dynasty on the theoretical background of landscaping and the significance of landscaping. The direction for the development and exchange with landscaping between the two countries was presented in line with the development trend of Korea-China landscaping in the global environment. In the future, the development of landscaping between the two countries is expected to be key to international cooperation in traditional culture, creative combination of local characteristics, creation of a harmonious landscape architecture environment, and co-prosperity of various cultures.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.119-128
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• 2006

The scale of visual expression has expanded from freeze frame to motion picture as media have developed. Moving pictures such as animation, movies, TV CM and GUI become formative elements whose movement is necessary compared to freeze frame as apparent movement phenomenon and unit structure such as short and scene appear. Therefore, of formative elements such as a shape, color, space, size and movement, movement is importantly distinguished in the moving image. The expression and form of image as a relationship between the signified and signifier explained by Saussure are accepted as a sign by mutual complement even though they limit the content. This makes it possible to infer that the formal feature of movement participates in the message content. To verify this, the result of moving picture visual perception experiment based on the gestalt grouping principle result shows that 70-80 percent of subjects think that 'movement' is the important grouping clue in perception. Movement affects the maintenance of the context of message content in the communication process when the meaning structure of moving picture is analyzed based on the structural feature. The identity can be maintained with if there is a movement with similar directive point even if the color and shape of people, things and background are changed. Second, the clarity of the content is elevated by a distinguished object as a figure by movement. Third, it acts as a knowledge representation which can predict similar movement process of next information processing. Forth, movement gives the content consistency even though more than two scenes have fast switch and complicated editing structure like cross-cutting. Movement becomes a clue which can make grouping information input by visual perception reaction. Also, it gives the order to the visual expression which can be used improperly by formation of structural frame of image message and has the effectiveness which elevates the clarity of signification. Moving picture has discourse with several mixed unit structures because it fundamentally contains time and the common and distinguished expression is needed by media-mix circumstances. Therefore, by the application of gestalt grouping principle to moving picture field, movement becomes the more distinguished than other formative elements and affects the formation of meaning structure. This study propose a viewpoint that develops structural formative beauty and new image expression in the media image field.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.30
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• pp.109-146
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• 2009

It is academically recognized that Jeong Wan-Young's sijo better represent Oriental ideas. The purpose of this study is to investigate Taoistic characteristics of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo. This is an effort to succeed and further deepen and extend previous relevant researches. For the purpose, this researcher categorized the poet's sijo in accordance with such characteristics as above mentioned. Findings of the study can be summarized as below. Pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo which are based on Taoistic ideas are largely classified into three groups. First, some pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo represents an orientation of return to hometown which is brought by the sense of loss. His sense of loss is attributed to the facts that his home is not what it was any longer and that he can't return to the old home. To overcome the sense, nevertheless, the poet is dreaming of return to home. The home found in Jeong Wan Young's sijo is something fundamental and original that he purposedly provided against the feeling of loss. It complies with the concept of 'Bokgwigigen(復歸基根)‘ a pursuit of Taoism. Second, other pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo are seeking purity to retrieve childish innocence. Their subjects include the season of spring, dreams of childhood and longing for mother all of which represent the poet's strong desire for such retrieval as above mentioned. It may be said that pursued by that pieces are 'Purity, Feebleness and Smoothness' that are sought by Taoism. Third, other pieces of Jeong Wan-Young's sijo are considering human as a part of nature and seeking human life in harmony with nature. In other words, they are seeking union between human and nature which means going beyond discrimination between self and external objects, that is, 'Mulayangmang(物我兩忘)'. This may refer to return to nature which is the ultimate destination of Taoism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.15-26
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• 2015

The Daegu Metropolitan Transit Corporation Advisory Committee has chosen 5 styles of bridge-pier designs, including coating, graphic, planting, billboard and safety-facility style, based on the results of landscape simulations from a previous study. This study was conducted to investigate citizen's preferences and emotional images for each style of bridge-pier design, by aiming at the pilot urban landscape improvement section from Daebong Bridge in Suseong Gu to the crossroads near Dongseong Elementary School in Daegu Metropolitan City. The questionnaire was drawn up regarding the urban landscape improvement plans applied to the research area, and the questions were about citizens' perception of bridge-pier structures generated by constructing a light rail transit, important factors to consider when designing bridge piers, preferences for each style of bridge-pier design and emotional impact. 60.4% of the survey participants were found to perceive bridge-pier structures as unattractive, so it was necessary to improve them aesthetically. Regarding visual factors of bridge-pier designs, color was most important at 5.81, followed by form at 5.57. Regarding aesthetic component factors, harmony was most important at 6.07, followed by amenity at 6.00. In the survey participants' preference for each bridge-pier design, the graphic style was preferred most at 4.14, followed by the planting style. In emotional adjectives used for each bridge-pier design, the coating style, the safety-facility style and the non-treatment style showed similar results, and all of these styles were evaluated as artificial, lifeless and desolate. The graphic style and the billboard style showed different tendencies, depending on visual factors and aesthetic component factors applied to the graphic design used for these two bridge-pier styles. Since natural materials were used for the planting style, however, it showed high preference for such emotional images as natural and lively. The emotional adjective 'amiable' was found to affect citizens' preferences for each bridge-pier aesthetic improvement plan most, and it was also analyzed to have an effect on all the styles of bridge-pier designs. To improve the landscape of a light rail transit being constructed inside the urban area, this study quantitatively extracted citizens' preferences and emotional adjective for every style of bridge-pier design applied to the pilot urban landscape improvement section, and it is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic data to improve the landscape of bridge piers.