• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.464-464
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• 2011

새만금지구 간척사업은 지난 1990년대 초반 이래로 국책사업으로 수행되어 왔다. 그러나, 하류에 조성될 새만금호의 수질에 대한 일반의 우려가 높아 배수갑문을 개방하여 해수 유통을 허용하고 있고, 원래 목적인 담수호 조성이 지체되고 있다. 농업비점오염부하가 담수호의 주요 오염원의 하나로 인식되고 있고, 담수호 수질 개선을 위해서는 농업비점 저감대책이 강구되어야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 저염도 새만금 간척지 밭을 대상으로 비종에 따른 비점오염 배출부하량을 모니터링하고 이를 정량적 평가를 하는 데 있다. 계화방조제 전면의 간석지에 간척농지 시험포장을 조성하였다. 비종으로 축분퇴비와 화학비료를 적용하고, 무시비 대조구와 비교하여 동계 청보리, 하계에 콩과 수수 작물 재배 시험을 수행하였다. 시험포장의 수문, 수질, 토양, 지하수 모니터링을 통하여 간척지 밭으로부터 오염물질 배출기작을 규명하고 비점부하를 정량적으로 산정하였다. 본 연구 결과는 염도가 높은 간척농지에서 밭작물 재배에 따른 비점부하 배출기작에 대한 이해를 증진하고, 나아가 농업비점오염 저감을 위한 영농개선 기법 개발에 중요한 기초자료를 제공할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.861-867
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• 2011

In order to understand the extent of contamination of the sediments on the Mankyoung and Dongjin Rivers flowing into the Saemangeum Reservoir, the concentrations of ignition loss (IL), COD, total nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorus (T-P), and heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn) were measured. The average concentrations of IL, COD, and T-P were 2.40 (${\pm}2.18$)%, 2.97 (${\pm}3.06$) mg/g sediment, 0.370 (${\pm}0.351$) mg/g sediment, respectively, showing the extent of contamination is not serious. However, the concentrations of these parameters in the samples taken in year 2009 were higher than those in year 2008, indicating the contamination of sediments goes on gradually. The concentrations of T-N were in the range of 0.59~13.11 mg/g sediment with variation of locations and seasons. It was determined that the T-N contamination is serious when the concentrations were compared with the dredging guidelines of sediments in the Korean freshwaters, indicating the countermeasures are required to maintain the water quality of the Saemangeum Reservoir. The concentrations of heavy metals except chromium did not exceed the worrisome level of soil contamination stipulated by the Soil Environment Conservation Act of Korea. The high concentration of chromium to be concerned in some samples from the upstream of Mankyoung River requires source analysis and countermeasure to control the contamination.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.298-306
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• 2020

This study was conducted to examine the impact of the correlation between habitat suitability of the Saemangeum lake area for otters and spatial variables (watersides, wetlands, farmlands, urban areas, roads, etc.) on the inhabitation of otters. As a result of the habitat suitability analysis, it was found that 380grids of 1097 grids (34.6%) studied are most suitable and suitable, whereas 413 grids of 1097 grids (37.7%) of the total are marginal and unsuitable. Comparatively analyzing otter traces data against for each spatial variable in the Saemangeum area revealed that the distance to the road or man-made areas is directly proportional to the number of otter traces, while more traces of otters were found areas close to waters. Despite the impact from the internal construction of Saemangeum lake, there found 2 to 6 times more otter traces in the area farthest from the urban areas and roads compared to the area nearest to the urban areas and roads. Thus, when restoring habitats for otters, a minimum of 500(m) distance to roads or urban areas, which can be considered as a threat to the habitats, must be secured.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.37-48
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• 2006

HF radar-derived current data obtained in 2002 and 2004 are analyzed to examine the effects of the completion of the Saemangeum 4th tidal dyke in June 2003, connecting Gogunsan-Gundo and Bieung-Do, on the coastal surface $M_2$ current pattern. Comparison between the currents by HF radar and current meter mooring showed good agreements. Counterclockwise rotation of the $M_2$ current in the observed area did not change with the dyke construction. Strong westward ebb jet from the gap of the dyke was observed in 2002 but disappeared in 2004. The complete closing of the dyke gap caused the current speed increase around the mouth of the Kem River estuary, decrease around Gogunsan-Gundo and the dyke, the changes in the direction of maximum current to north-ward from eastward and the delay of the maximum flood current occurrence around Gogunsan-Gundo and the dyke. Around Yeon-Do, the maximum flood current directed more clockwise and occurred rather earlier. These changes of the $M_2$ current ellipse characteristics imply that the effects of the dyke construction reached the area connecting Mal-Do and Yeun-Do.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.191-199
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• 2007

Seasonal variation in species composition of fish in the Saemangeum Reservoir was determined using seasonal samples collected by an otter trawl from April 2006 to February 2007 after the dike construction, and compared with the data obtained during the dike construction in 2001-2002. A total of 35 species, 8,960 individuals and 53,084.4 g of fish were collected during the study. Of the fish collected, brackish and coastal fishes such as Konosirus punctatus, Synechogobius hasta and Repomucenus lunatus, and migrant fishes such as Engraulis japonicus and Scomberomorus niphonius predominated in abundance accounting for 95% in the total number of individuals. Fish species composition and abundance showed a similar seasonal trend to those in the other western coastal waters of Korea. The resident species were mainly collected in spring and in autumn. The number of species and biomass were high in summer by the large amount of catch of migrating species. Catch was low in winter and only 2 species were collected. A brackish and coastal fish, K. punctatus and two migrant fishes, E. japonicus and S. niphonius were abundantly collected after the dike construction. However, the dominant fishes during the dike construction such as Leiognathus nuchalis, Neosalanx jordani and Chaeturichthys stigmatias were rarely collected. Fish density was $1,149\;inds./10,000m^2\;and\;12,644g/10,000m^2$ during the dike construction, and increased 6 times in the number of individuals ($7,467\;inds./10,000m^2$) and 3 times in biomass ($44,237g/10,000m^2$) after the dike construction. Annual species richness (R) and species diversity (H') decreased from R=0.0160 and H'=2.47 during the dike construction in 2001-2002 to R=0.0038 and H'=1.11 after dike construction in 2006-2006, respectively. These changes seemed to be related to the reduction of the saline area and degradation of water quality in Semangeum Reservoir after the dike construction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.297-306
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• 2023

Saemangeum Lake is the largest artificial lake in Korea. The continuous deterioration of lake water quality necessitates the introduction of novel water quality management strategies. Therefore, this study aims to identify the spatiotemporal water quality characteristics of Saemangeum Lake using data from the National Water Quality Measurement Network and provide basic information for water quality management. In the water quality parameters of Saemangeum Lake, water temperature and total phosphorous content were correlated, and salt, total nitrogen content, pH, and chemical oxygen demand were significantly correlated. Other parameters showed a low correlation. The spatial principal component analysis of Saemangeum Lake showed the characteristics of its four zones. The mid-to-downstream section of the river affected by freshwater inflow showed a high nutrient salt concentration, and the deep-water section of the drainage gate and the lake affected by seawater showed a high salt concentration. Two types of water qualities were observed in the intermediate water area where river water and outer sea water were mixed: waters with relatively low salt and high chemical oxygen demand, and waters with relatively low salt and high pH concentration. In the principal component analysis by time, the water quality was divided into four groups based on the observation month. Group I occurred during May and June in late spring and early summer, Group II was in early spring (March-April) and late autumn (November-December), Group III was in winter (January-February), and Group IV was in summer (July-October) during high temperatures. The water quality characteristics of Saemangeum Lake were found to be affected by the inflow of the upper Mangyeong and Dongjin rivers, and the seawater through the Garuk and Shinshi gates installed in the Saemangeum Embankment. In order to achieve the target water quality of Saemangeum Lake, it is necessary to establish water quality management measures for Saemangeum Lake along with pollution source management measures in the upper basin.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.277-285
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• 2003

연안의 방조제 건설은 하천수와 바다물의 교환을 인위적으로 차단하고, 방조제 내부에는 호수를 형성하게 된다. 이렇게 형성된 인공호수의 수질은 호수로 유입되는 하천의 수질에 크게 영향을 받을 수 있으며, 인공호수의 수질이 악화되면 인근 해양생태계에 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 연구는 인공호수의 물이 바다로 방류될 때 해양생태계에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 것인지를 예측하고자 수행되었다. 방조제 건설로 이미 형성되어 있는 시화호, 아산호, 부사호와, 현재 건설중인 새만금 방조제로 인하여 형성될 호수의 유입 하천인 만경강에서 표층수를 채수하여 둥근성게(Strongylocentrotus nudus)의 정자와 수정란을 이용한 생물 검정을 실시하였다. 담수호의 수질을 해양생물을 이용하여 평가할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 시료의 염분을 조절하면서 실험을 실시하였다. 정자를 이용한 수정 실험 결과, 시화호에서는 수정률에 영향을 미치지 않았고, 아산호와 부사호에서는 약간의 영향이 있었으나 그 정도는 미약하였다. 반면, 만경강의 경우 수정률의 저해가 상당히 크게 나타났다. 수정란을 이용한 발생 실험 결과, 시화호, 아산호, 부사호에서는 약간의 영향이 나타난 반면, 만경강의 경우는 매우 큰 영향이 나타났다. 이들 실험 결과를 종합하면, 시화호, 아산호, 부사호의 수질은 대체로 양호하나, 만경강의 수질은 크게 우려되는 수준이었다. 따라서, 앞으로 건설될 새만금 호수와 인근 해양생태계를 보전하기 위해서는 만경강의 수질 개선을 위한 대책이 마련되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.4326-4333
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• 2012

Phytoplankton standing stocks had been researched in Saemangeum water region from 2001 to 2010 belong to the construction period of Saemangeum dike. The big change of phytoplankton standing stocks was shown, reaching 57 - 85,219 cells/ml according to the sampling seasons and stations. Inside of Saemangeum lake, a flux of fresh water and sea water made the phytoplankton standing stocks changed spatiotemporally. Meanwhile, the water bloom was frequent with continuously high standing stocks of fresh water stations and the standing stocks outside of the dike have been normal. In the long-term point of view, the standing stock did not show a big change comparing to the before and after of closing the dike(April, 2006).

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.33-45
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• 2003

This paper defines the prototype of the geographic-object field that links the geographic-object and the geographic-field using an object-oriented geographic information system, and then implements the flood simulation in the saemangeum water resources management system that manipulates the water quantity of saemangeum lake and the height of gate using the watershed-object field. This paper combines the natural phenomena with the artificial phenomena that occurs on the water resources of the saemangeum, and designs the object oriented class hierarchy that is composed of the total watershed-object field, and then presents the algorithm for flood control. To visualize the class hierarchy of the whole geographic-object field and the partial geographic-object field, I use the UML(Unified Modeling Language). Attributes and methods of each class can acquire the functional reusability and compatibility using the COM of the ZEUS and the Visual Basic 6.0 of Win32 APIs. By means of implementing the flood simulation in the Saemangeum water resources management system, finally, this paper contributes on the efficient management of water resources.

• 한국관개배수회지
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• no.47
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• pp.31-42
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• 2011