• Title/Summary/Keyword: 상표 자산

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Dimensions of Brand Equity of Luxury Fashion Brands (Part I) (패션명품의 상표자산 구성요소에 관한 연구(제1보))

  • 최윤정;이은영
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.28 no.7
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    • pp.1007-1018
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    • 2004
  • Luxury fashion brand business is one of the most successful global businesses in these days. The luxury fashion brands with strong brand power permeates through various regions of the world with high added value and buying power. This study was conducted to determine the dimensions of the luxury fashion brand equity so that the fashion marketers can develop strategies to increase their brand power. ID find out the dimensions of the luxury fashion brand equity, qualitative as well as quantitative research methods were employed. Qualitative research was conducted by interviewing 12 consumers who were loyal to the luxury fashion brands. A total of ten dimensions(uniqueness, sophistication, display, economical and utility value, overall pleasure, satisfaction, reputation, trust respect, social acceptance) were identified as a result of the literature review and the qualitative analysis, and a questionnaire was developed based on them. The questionnaire was administered to 250 subjects and the responses were analyzed by factor analysis to confirm the dimensions empirically. As a result of factor analysis, 7 dimensions of fashion luxury brand equity are 'chic and pleasure', 'trust', 'distinction', 'reputation', 'economical and utility value', 'social acceptance', and 'status'. First, 'reputation', 'economical and utility value' and 'social acceptance' are similar to the result of the literature review and the qualitative analysis. Next, 'Chic and pleasure' included 'overall pleasure','display'and'sophistication'that were identified previously. We knew that People would expect emotional responses such as display through luxury fashion brand. 'Trust' included 'trust' and 'satisfaction' that were identifed previously. 'Distinction' included 'uniqueness' and 'respect' that were identifed previously. Finally, 'status' included 'sophistication' and 'reputation' It seemed that the concept of 'sophistication' was near symbolic rather than descriptive.

The Effect of Brand Personality and Brand Equity on Women's Casual Brand Extension (여성 캐주얼 상표 확장에 대한 상표 개성과 상표 자산의 영향)

  • Min Kyung Jin;Hong Keum Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.753-763
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to determine effects of apparel product's brand personality, and brand equity on its brand extension. For the data collection, women in their 20s were surveyed, and a total of 576 questionnaire were finally used. Brand Reneevon and brand Enc were selected through a preliminary survey and then compared in terms of brand extension. Results of the study can be summarized as follows. 1 The brand personality of casual apparel for women consisted of low factors such as uniqueness, competence, fashionability and sincerity, while the brand equity of apparel included three factors brand loyalty, perceived quality and leadership, and brand association and awareness. 2. There was a significant positive correlation between brand personality and brand equity. 3. Brand Reneevon was found higher in brand equity than the brand Enc. 4. Brand extension was influenced by perceived quality and leadership. In case of the brand Enc, brand extension into fashion accessories was significantly affected by brand personality. 5. Brand Reneevon was found better than Brand Enc in brand extension, especially into fashion accessories.

Brand Equity and Purchase Intention in Fashion Products: A Cross-Cultural Study in Asia and Europe (상표자산과 구매의도와의 관계에 관한 국제비교연구 - 아시아와 유럽의 의류시장을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Kyung-Hoon;Ko, Eun-Ju;Graham, Hooley;Lee, Nick;Lee, Dong-Hae;Jung, Hong-Seob;Jeon, Byung-Joo;Moon, Hak-Il
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.245-276
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    • 2008
  • Brand equity is one of the most important concepts in business practice as well as in academic research. Successful brands can allow marketers to gain competitive advantage (Lassar et al.,1995), including the opportunity for successful extensions, resilience against competitors' promotional pressures, and the ability to create barriers to competitive entry (Farquhar, 1989). Branding plays a special role in service firms because strong brands increase trust in intangible products (Berry, 2000), enabling customers to better visualize and understand them. They reduce customers' perceived monetary, social, and safety risks in buying services, which are obstacles to evaluating a service correctly before purchase. Also, a high level of brand equity increases consumer satisfaction, repurchasing intent, and degree of loyalty. Brand equity can be considered as a mixture that includes both financial assets and relationships. Actually, brand equity can be viewed as the value added to the product (Keller, 1993), or the perceived value of the product in consumers' minds. Mahajan et al. (1990) claim that customer-based brand equity can be measured by the level of consumers' perceptions. Several researchers discuss brand equity based on two dimensions: consumer perception and consumer behavior. Aaker (1991) suggests measuring brand equity through price premium, loyalty, perceived quality, and brand associations. Viewing brand equity as the consumer's behavior toward a brand, Keller (1993) proposes similar dimensions: brand awareness and brand knowledge. Thus, past studies tend to identify brand equity as a multidimensional construct consisted of brand loyalty, brand awareness, brand knowledge, customer satisfaction, perceived equity, brand associations, and other proprietary assets (Aaker, 1991, 1996; Blackston, 1995; Cobb-Walgren et al., 1995; Na, 1995). Other studies tend to regard brand equity and other brand assets, such as brand knowledge, brand awareness, brand image, brand loyalty, perceived quality, and so on, as independent but related constructs (Keller, 1993; Kirmani and Zeithaml, 1993). Walters(1978) defined information search as, "A psychological or physical action a consumer takes in order to acquire information about a product or store." But, each consumer has different methods for informationsearch. There are two methods of information search, internal and external search. Internal search is, "Search of information already saved in the memory of the individual consumer"(Engel, Blackwell, 1982) which is, "memory of a previous purchase experience or information from a previous search."(Beales, Mazis, Salop, and Staelin, 1981). External search is "A completely voluntary decision made in order to obtain new information"(Engel & Blackwell, 1982) which is, "Actions of a consumer to acquire necessary information by such methods as intentionally exposing oneself to advertisements, taking to friends or family or visiting a store."(Beales, Mazis, Salop, and Staelin, 1981). There are many sources for consumers' information search including advertisement sources such as the internet, radio, television, newspapers and magazines, information supplied by businesses such as sales people, packaging and in-store information, consumer sources such as family, friends and colleagues, and mass media sources such as consumer protection agencies, government agencies and mass media sources. Understanding consumers' purchasing behavior is a key factor of a firm to attract and retain customers and improving the firm's prospects for survival and growth, and enhancing shareholder's value. Therefore, marketers should understand consumer as individual and market segment. One theory of consumer behavior supports the belief that individuals are rational. Individuals think and move through stages when making a purchase decision. This means that rational thinkers have led to the identification of a consumer buying decision process. This decision process with its different levels of involvement and influencing factors has been widely accepted and is fundamental to the understanding purchase intention represent to what consumers think they will buy. Brand equity is not only companies but also very important asset more than product itself. This paper studies brand equity model and influencing factors including information process such as information searching and information resources in the fashion market in Asia and Europe. Information searching and information resources are influencing brand knowledge that influences consumers purchase decision. Nine research hypotheses are drawn to test the relationships among antecedents of brand equity and purchase intention and relationships among brand knowledge, brand value, brand attitude, and brand loyalty. H1. Information searching influences brand knowledge positively. H2. Information sources influence brand knowledge positively. H3. Brand knowledge influences brand attitude. H4. Brand knowledge influences brand value. H5. Brand attitude influences brand loyalty. H6. Brand attitude influences brand value. H7. Brand loyalty influences purchase intention. H8. Brand value influence purchase intention. H9. There will be the same research model in Asia and Europe. We performed structural equation model analysis in order to test hypotheses suggested in this study. The model fitting index of the research model in Asia was $X^2$=195.19(p=0.0), NFI=0.90, NNFI=0.87, CFI=0.90, GFI=0.90, RMR=0.083, AGFI=0.85, which means the model fitting of the model is good enough. In Europe, it was $X^2$=133.25(p=0.0), NFI=0.81, NNFI=0.85, CFI=0.89, GFI=0.90, RMR=0.073, AGFI=0.85, which means the model fitting of the model is good enough. From the test results, hypotheses were accepted. All of these hypotheses except one are supported. In Europe, information search is not an antecedent of brand knowledge. This means that sales of global fashion brands like jeans in Europe are not expanding as rapidly as in Asian markets such as China, Japan, and South Korea. Young consumers in European countries are not more brand and fashion conscious than their counter partners in Asia. The results have theoretical, practical meaning and contributions. In the fashion jeans industry, relatively few studies examining the viability of cross-national brand equity has been studied. This study provides insight on building global brand equity and suggests information process elements like information search and information resources are working differently in Asia and Europe for fashion jean market.

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Clothing Brand Equity Based on consumer Evaluation (소비자 평가에 기초한 의류 상표 자산)

  • 김경원;이은영
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.23 no.8
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    • pp.1075-1085
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    • 1999
  • Brand equity is the added value endowed by the brand to the product. This concept born in the 1980's has aroused intense interest among market managers and business strategists from a wide variety of industries. Brand equity can be approached in different perspectives according to the motivations and the objectives of the studies. Consumer-based brand equity is examined internally by consumers' cognition and feeling and externally by consume behavior in the market By analyzing the relationship between them we can understand how brand value is made in the mind of consumers and how it is converted into the consumer behavior,. The brand is an especially important extrinsic cue in clothing products and the apparel industry has higher brand equity when it is actually compared with the brand equity of many other industries measured as a financial asset. Therefore the purpose of this study was to find out brand value of clothing products through clothing brand equity and to understand consumer behavior of the brand. And so we focused in consumer-based brand equity. For the empirical study three brands that are predicted to have different level of brand equity were selected based on prices and market shares of the brands. As the result the consumer-based brand equity is composed of emotional and cognitive dimensions and each dimension has several sub-dimensions. These diverse dimensions of brand equity bring about differences in consumers' purchase behavior market share and price premium of brands.

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Consumer's Perceived Underwear Brand Identity (BI) Color and Brand Equity (소비자가 지각한 속옷상표의 BI컬러와 상표자산)

  • Kim, Eun-Young;Kim, Hye-Ran
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.1071-1082
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    • 2010
  • This study examined the effects of underwear brand identity color on brand equity. A self-administered questionnaire mainly consisted of BI color, brand image, and brand equity for underwear. Five underwear brands (Calvin Klein, Yes, Solb, Venus, and Body Guard) were selected based on the frequency they were purchased in pilot study. To collect data, respondents were asked to choose a brand which they were most familiar with, and to assess BI color, brand image, and brand equity including cognitive value, emotional value and purchase intention. A total of 228 usable questionnaires were obtained from consumers aged 19 to 46. BI colors were classified into four color groups: Achromatic (white, black, gray), Vivid (red, blue, yellow), Pink, and Beige. Additionally, underwear brand images consisted of four factors: Sophisticated, Classic, Casual, and Elegant images. Findings showed significant differences in the four factors of brand image and cognitive brand value between the BI color groups. Also, the factor of cognitive value was higher for achromatic or beige brand color groups, than for vivid or pink color groups. Also, brand image factors had positive effects on cognitive or emotional brand value. Especially, the factor of emotional value was more likely to increase purchase intentions than cognitive value in the BI color groups. The implications for managerial decision marking in fashion marketing strategy were also discussed.

A Study on the Equity Formation of Apparel Private Brand with TV Home-shopping (TV 홈쇼핑 의류 자체상표의 자산형성 연구)

  • Ryou, Eun-Jeong
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.330-342
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the equity formation of private apparel brand according the service quality of TV home-shopping. A questionnaire was designed for the survey and the subjects were 383 female adults in Seoul and the Kyongnam province, Korea. The statistical analyses were carried out in the forms of frequency, factor analysis and path analysis of SPSS WIN 14.0. The findings throughout the research are as follows; First, the underwear sets and single item apparel sets with private brand had been well sold at better price. Second, the service quality of TV home shopping was perceived as the four factors of safety, contents, informative faculty and reliability. The reliability and contents factors had higher effects on the equity formation of private apparel brand. Third, the brand image, perceived quality, brand recognition as the cognitive dimension had influenced on the hedonic and utilitarian attitudes. The hedonic attitude and perceived quality had a great deal influence on the purchasing intend as the last behavior dimension.

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Brand Value-Up: A Diagnostic Tool for Brand Management (Brand Value-Up: 브랜드 진단 및 관리 모형 정립을 위한 시도)

  • 하영원;전성률;김익태;김기수;홍성민
    • Asia Marketing Journal
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.48-71
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    • 2003
  • 본 논문은 기업들의 점증하는 체계적 브랜드 관리에 대한 필요를 인식하면서 이에 부응하기 위한 하나의 브랜드 관리 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 일반적으로 전략적인 브랜드 관리는 브랜드자산의 구축, 브랜드자산의 측정과 진단, 브랜드 자산의 관리를 포함한다(Keller 1998). 그러나 이 논문에서 제안하고자 하는 브랜드 관리 시스템인 Brand Value-Up 은 주로 상표 자산의 측정과 진단에 관한 시스템이다. 이 논문에서 Brand Value-Up 을 제안하기 위해 우선 기존의 대표적인 브랜드 관리 시스템들을 검토하였다. 그리고 나서 이들의 미비점들을 분석하였으며, 나아가서 기존 시스템들의 미비점을 보완하는 시스템으로서 Brand Value-Up 을 소개하였다. 또한 Brand Value-Up 은 고객 중심의 브랜드진단 평가모델로서 결과지표 (Awareness Power, Functional Power, Image Power)와 성과지표(Brand Performance)로 구분하여 구체적으로 전략적인 시사점을 얻기 위한 모형으로서 제안하였다. 실제로 주요 국내 브랜드 (21 개 제품 106 개 브랜드)를 대상으로 한 분석을 통해 Brand Value-Up 의 활용 예를 보였으며, 마지막으로 이 시스템이 갖는 마케팅적인 의미와 시사점을 논의하였다.

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