• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.63-86
• /
• 2009

With increasing uncertainty of energy market in the world, the policies for the energy resource security have become crucial Several countries with poor energy resource like Netherlands and Singapore have pursued the policy for becoming an oil hub in the region. Singapore has been an oil hub in East Asia for a long time not only because it is well located with a large number of countries exporting and importing oil but it has also pursued strong policies to become an oil hub while establishing favourable institutional, regulatory and business environment for accommodating major refineries and petro-chemical companies. However with growing trading volume of petroleum products in Northeast Asia and a record high price of oil in these days, the necessities of another oil hub in the region are considered in order to reap benefits of the security of economical and stable oil. South Korea is situated astride the main North Pacific shipping route, with deep water ports and proximity to Chinese and Japanese industrial centres that make tank terminal operators Ideal choices for the oil hub in Northeast Asia although it has several disadvantages such as lack of independent storage facilities, underdeveloped oil trading market and unfavourable business friendly climates etc. This study is focused on examining the globalization strategies of tank terminal operators such as Vopak, Oiltanking and Odfjell in order to suggest the policy implications for becoming an oil tub in Northeast Asia.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2011

High-rise buildings have recently increased over the residential, commercial and office facilities, thus an understanding of construction cost for high-rise building projects has been a fundamental issue due to enormous construction cost as well as unpredictable market conditions and fluctuations in the rate of inflation by long-term construction periods of high-rise projects. Especially, recent violent fluctuations of construction material prices add to problems in construction cost forecasting. This research, therefore, develops a time-series model with the Box-Jenkins methodologies and material prices time-series data in Korea in order to forecast future trends of unit prices of required materials. BIM (Building Information Modeling) approaches are also used to analyze injection time of construction resources and to conduct quantity takeoff so that total material price can be forecasted. Comparative analysis of Predictability of tentative ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) models was conducted to determine optimal time-series model for forecasting future price trends. Proposed BIM based time series forecasting model can help to deal with sudden changes in economic conditions by estimating future material prices.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.133-141
• /
• 2016

Although construction of any new nuclear power projects had not been launched since mid-1970s until recently in the USA, many new nuclear power plants have been constructed in many countries with the support of their governments mainly as part of their national energy security and electric source diversification policies. For many reasons, the nuclear power industry seemed to reclaim their renaissance from the beginning of this century and the investment in the nuclear power projects draw positive concern from the private financial sector. But the global financial crisis in 2008 and subsequent economic slow-down together with tighter bank credit regulations caused commercial banks, the main source of financing, to lose appetite for investing in new nuclear power projects. But the nuclear power economics shows that the nuclear power is viable in terms of the environmental benefit and long-term average cost compared to other power generation sources. Also doubt about nuclear power safety was much mitigated due to technology development and reinforced safety-related tests and monitoring. Therefore, the prospect for nuclear power market expansion remains positive although there are comparatively big differences among different scenarios. After Korea Electric Power Corp. won the UAE nuclear power project in December of 2009, the competition in nuclear power markets is undergoing huge changes. Competitors backed by the support of their own governments are now entering the market with many aggressive and innovative financing packages to win bids of new nuclear power projects. This report analyzed the nuclear power market prospects, competitive edges of nuclear power, risk management measures, and financing challenges and recommends alternative solutions to promote competitive edges in winning bids of new nuclear power projects.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.97-110
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of spacial structure from rural space to urban space and to examine the characteristic of spacial restructure, focusing on the Hwamyeong-Dong of Buk-gu in Busan. Hwamyeong-Dong has changed from rural area to urban area because of spacial expansion owing to industrialization and urbanization. The unique natural environment, rural village, etc. were disappeared and instead the apartment complex, commercial building, and so on were built. For this reason, historic and concrete place were vanished and so the spacial homogenization and uniformization were formed centering around apartment complex. But the singularity of Hwamyeong-Dong exposes in the way that unique history, custom and memory, trace of Hwamyeong-Dong preserved through the support and effort of the residents and that the Daechen stream changed to ecological stream. In addition, Hwamyeong-Dong altered heterogeneous, multi-layered urban space from homogeneous rural space in terms of the apartment supply sectors and scale, the distribution and kind of commercial facility, residents's composition. This has brought about the subdivision, hierarchization of the space as well as the residence, education, culture. Especially, Hwamyeong3-Dong that built to large scale apartment complex are significantly different from Hwamyeong2-Dong. Hwamyeong2-Dong is marginalizing step by step. However, It is found that the residents in Hwamyeong2-Dong are making an effort for liveable place with ecological residential community and educational cultural community as the center.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.36
• /
• pp.45-74
• /
• 2014

We can anticipate that animations will form one of the axes and lead popular culture in our future visual age. Recently, research has been actively conducted, but it mainly focuses on their value in culture industry or technologies and methods of producing animations. Of course, research that deals with animation characters has constantly come out. This study focuses on the 'formative elements' of 3D animation characters and attempts differentiation from other research by inducing new logic theoretically. Being freed from the research on characters that has been merely focused on theoretical grounds, this study intends to figure out how audience that is consumers who actually get to watch and feel animations recognizes them and find out related problems and also solutions for them. In particular, this study intends to examine the formative characteristics of 3D animation characters with the characters appearing in , one of the animations that have achieved artistic value as well as commercial success. And for that, the study conducted not only literature review but various surveys and Delphi method as well. Also, the researcher devised an analysis frame to evaluate the formative elements through in-depth discussion with experts. And with this, the study created the forms such as the Elements of Form, Formation Methods of Form and Visual Recognition Elements of Form, examined how audience recognized 3D characters. The process of recognizing an image is influenced by socio-cultural environment or sex, age, and the level of knowledge differently. This was meant to investigate current visual culture and the public's perspective through characters in that represent the visual mode.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.303-312
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to activate the study on movercial. To accomplish of this, the objectives of this study are two-fold. First, this study attempts to find out how movercial are interpreted and experienced compared to product placement; and secondly, to delineate experience and interpretation in terms of the themes of movie centrality and consumption-specific relevance. This study attempted qualitative approach comparing to the criteria consisted of the themes of movie centrality and consumption-specific relevance to gain in-depth understanding of how movercial which is popped up and regarded as a newly creative format in the diffusion of internet culture and mobile communication environment is experienced and interpreted. For this aim, the moviegoer informants were classified into frequent and infrequent based on the classification method of previous product placement study of Delorme & Reid(1999) and Focus Group Interviews and In-depth Interviews were executed for understanding of how are experienced. Major implications of this study were as follows. First, prior experience of brand exposure from movercial enhanced familiarity for advertising in real-life. Second, movercial can be used to influential tools for purchasing decision with advertising and product placement. Third, informants experienced uncomfortable feeling of change and discomfort against the format of hybrid commercial message such as movercial and PPL which is penetrating into the culture and art at large.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.244-249
• /
• 2006

The residue depletion of amoxicillin was investigated in the olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli), and red sea bream (Pagrus major) after 7 days treatment with medicated feed at a dose of 400 mg/kg bw/day. Fishes were sampled for muscle on 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th day after treatment. Amoxicillin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector. The recovery rates of amoxicillin in muscle samples ranged 84.3-101.3% and 75.0-91.5% for the concentration of 0.05 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively. Amoxicillin concentrations detected on 1st day after treatment were 0.137, 0.131, and 0.172 mg/kg in the muscle of olive flounder, rockfish, and red sea bream, respectively. After a withdrawal of 3 days, muscle concentrations were 0.012, 0.010, and 0.017 mg/kg in the olive flounder, rockfish, and red sea bream, respectively. Amoxicillin was not detectable in muscle samples on 4 days following withdrawal of the medicated feed. From results of the present study, a withdrawal period of amoxicillin is proposed on 4 days after 7 days treatment with medicated feed at a dose of 400 mg/kg bw/day to avoid the presence of excessive residues of the edible muscles of olive flounder, rockfish, and red sea bream.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.216-223
• /
• 2017

Chemicals are an indispensable element of modern society to the extent that more than 15 million species are commercially available worldwide. However, among them are chemicals whose toxicityposes a threat to public health and the environment, as illustrated by past cases of chemical accidents, which revealed their danger to human life. Chemical accidents can spread and cause huge damage in a short time because of their characteristics. Therefore, it is important to do as much as possible to prevent them in advance and to respond promptly after an accident. The legal system pertaining to domestic chemical substances is the "Toxic Chemical Control Act", which is made up of the "Act on the Registration and Evaluation of Chemicals" and the "Chemical Control Act" since 2015. Under this law, the Comprehensive Chemical Information System and Chemical Substance Data Processing system were established and are still operating;however, chemical accidents are still occurring. These systems are comprehensive information systems aimed at providing chemical information rather than acting as chemical response systems, which has limited the effectiveness of accident response. This study is intended to analyze the information management systems, response management systems and the basis of chemical substance management support for hazardous chemicals and suggest ways to improve the legal system for developing and operating chemical response systemswithin a municipality.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.98-109
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify characteristics of spatial structure of Jiangnan water town in China which has been developed along the water channel. Spatial structural characteristics of the water town, Wuzhen and Nanxun in Zhejiang Province are as follows. First, location of town, spatial framework, lot division, and architectural style get determined by the water channel. The water channel is constructed in cross shape, T-shape, or in combination. Secondly, public space of water town is established along main water channel. Visually and functionally alternating private buildings are established on the water channel side and they are creating unique landscape of Jiangnan water town in overall harmony. Thirdly, residential area is established on the east-west water channel side with southward sunny-faced arrangement and waterside residence is in introvert spatial structure with courtyard but the exterior space is connected with water channel intimately. Fourthly, various spatial components along the water channel enrich the sense of place in water town. The components are corridor with roof, tea house, waterside steps, waterside theater and watergate etc. Uniqueness of place is becoming the core competence in modern townscape. In this aspect, Jiangnan water town with historical and cultural accumulation is suggesting a significant implication. Major implications are as follows. First, promotion of proximity to the water is the basic value that the spatial plan of waterfront needs to pursue. Secondly, mixed use is essential for effective land use and revitalization of waterfront. Thirdly, waterfront plan based on the local uniqueness as the place asset is being required.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2012

In the points of the environmental conservation and the recirculating utilization of limited resources, it is very important to recover valuable metals like Au, Ag, Pd, Cu, Sn, Ni, Co, and Li used as industrial raw materials from urban ores. From now, many processes have been developed for recovering the valuable metals contained in urban ores and some of them have been operated commercially. In the paper, pyrometallurgical processes developed for reclaiming valuable metals from urban ores will be briefly introduced.