• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.262-266
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• 2004

The parathyroid hormone plays a major role in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus. In hypoparathyroidism the parathyroid glands are atrophied or absent associated with autoantibodies against parathyroid tissue. Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a metabolic disease caused by the disturbance in peripheral action of parathormone, but parathormone level is normal. In general, patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism have short stature, round face, brachydactylia, obesity, mental retardation, cataracts & ectopic calcifications on soft tissues. Dental manifestations are enamel hypoplasia, delayed eruption, blunting of root apex, hypodontia, pulp calcification, thickened lamina dura, excessive caries & malocclusion. In this case, intraoral examination showed enamel hypoplasia on the erupted permanent teeth & hypermobility on the remaining deciduous teeth. From the radiographic view severe dental anomalies were observed on canines and shortening and blunting of root apex was observed on mandibular incisors. Pathologic root resorption was also observed on deciduous teeth.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2018

It is reported that the causes of unaesthetic proportion of anterior teeth vary widely. Especially, when the unaesthetic tooth proportion of the mandibular incisors arises due to the wear of the anterior teeth accompanied by the compensation of the alveolar bone, it may cause serious functional and aesthetic problems. In such case, it should be considered that the evaluation of vertical dimension and tooth proportion as well as smile line, soft tissue and hard tissue morphology. And, increase of vertical dimension or clinical crown lengthening followed by prosthodontic restorations is needed to improve the interdental mesial/distal, width/length ratio considering the anterior guidance. This case report demonstrates functional and aesthetic improvements through systematic diagnosis and treatment procedures in a 48-year-old male patient with unaesthetic anterior teeth proportion because of tooth wear accompanied by the compensation of alveolar bone and defect of several central incisors due to chronic periodontitis.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.35-49
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• 2016

With the increasing demand for aesthetic implant dentistry, the importance of implant restoration is emphasized not only in the functional aspect but also in the aesthetic aspect. The aesthetic restoration of dental implants in the anterior maxilla is a challenge for clinicians because it requires proper harmony in three following conditions; reconstruction of hard tissue, soft tissue, and aesthetic prosthesis. The soft tissue aesthetics are dependent upon the condition of the supporting hard tissue because the osseous structure provides a framework for the development of a healthy and aesthetic soft tissue interface. Therefore, the augmentation of hard tissue is a first step and especially, optimal 3-dimensional position of implant is the most important factor in aesthetic implant restoration. The management of soft tissue is a second step, and the final step is a restoration of harmonic prosthesis using provisional restoration with proper emergence profile. This clinical report describes the procedure of bone augmentation in labial dehiscence defect, Vascularized Interpositional Periosteal-Connective Tissue (VIP-CT) flap for aesthetic anterior soft tissue, and the importance of provisional restoration and impression taking stage with customized impression coping.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.241-257
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• 2000

Autogenous periosteal grafts are an attractive alternative to existing barrier membrane materials since they meet the reqiurements of an ideal material. But no histological data are available on the effectiveness of periosteal membranes in the treatment of periodontal defects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of autogenous periosteal graft on periodontal regeneration histologically. Class II furcation defects were surgically created on the second, third and the fourth premolars bilaterally in the mandibules of six mongrel dogs. The experimental sites were divided into three groups according to the treatment modalities; control group - surgical debridement only; Group I- autogenous periosteal membrane placement after surgical debridement; Group II-autogenous periosteal membrane placement after surgical debridement and bone grafting. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 12 weeks after periodontal surgery and the decalcified and undecalcified specimens were prepared for histological and histometrical analysis. Clinically all treated groups healed without significant problems. Under light microscope, at 2 weeks, control group showed significant apical epithelial migration and bone remodelling only below the notch area. But for the group I, II with autogenous periosteal graft, less apical migration of epithelium appeared and large amount of osteoid tissue showed above the notch area. Grafted periosteal membrane was indiscernable at 4 weeks, so periosteal membrane might be organized to surrounding tissues. Histometrically, at 4 and 12 weeks, all the test and control groups didn't show significant change of epithelial zone but new attachment level tended to be gained in the test groups than control group. These results suggest that autogenous periosteal grafts should be a good alternative for guided tissue regeneration.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.3 s.80
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• pp.317-333
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to determine the proliferative activity of the osteoblasts and fibroblasts in the midpalatal area and to investigate the adjacent periodontal tissues of individual tooth following rapid expansion of the palate. Ten young adult dogs, aged approximately ten months, were used in the experiment. The experimental design was consisted of 1 week expansion group(Group E1, 3 dogs), 2 week expansion group(Group E2, 3 dogs), 2 week expansion and 2 week retention group(Group E3, 3 dogs), and control group(Group C, 1 dog). For each group, expansion screw was activated one time per day(1/4 turn;$90^{\circ}$) following Hyrax-screw application. The experimental animals in each group were sacrificed at 1, 2 and 4 weeks following palatal expansion. Maxillary tissue blocks were obtained and prepared ior the histomorphologic and immunohistochemical studies. Light mcroscope, polarizing microscope, and soft X-ray apparatus were used in this study, and following results were obtained. 1. In polarizing microscopic study, the expansion groups(E1 & E2) showed blue color representing bone resorption and new bone formation in midpalatal suture area. E3 groups skewed less blue color compared to the E1 and E2 group. But yellow color increased by calcification in the E3 groups. 2. Immunohistochemical study revealed that positive responses of the osteoblasts to PCNA and undifferentiated fibroblasts to EGF in E1 group were somewhat increased. Positive response to PCNA and EGF were increased in fibroblasts and the osteoblasts forming new bone in E2 group. In E3 group, the positive response cell concentrated the periphery of edge of palatal process in both PCNA and EGF. 3. Throughout the expansion period(E1 & E2), light microscopic study showed the edges of the extensive resorption and new palatal processes, indicating bone remodeling within the suture. E3 group exhibited less remodeling of midpalatal suture area. E2 group and E3 group showed cementum formation and resorption at the apex of 3rd premolar and 1st molar E3 group exhibited extensive hyalinized zone on the cervical portion of buccal side of 1st molar. 4. Soft X-ray analysis of E1 group showed hypomineralized defect and microfractures in various parts of the suture areas when compared with control animals. There was no significant difference in the degree of mineralization in the midpalatal suture region between the C and E3 groups. Tooth axis showed tipping of 3rd premolar and 1st molar in the E2 group and E3 group. Based upon these experimental results, it is concluded that the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells always presented in midpalatal suture area following RPE. Differentiated osteoblasts and fibroblasts possess proliferating cellular activity until the 2 week retention period. The posterior teeth are tend to tip buccally as RPE force applied. Retention group exhibited irreversible response with severe hyalinized zone on the buccal surface of the first molar.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.499-506
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• 1999

The odontoma is relatively a common benign odontogenic tumor and caused by overgrowth of odontogenic tissues. The recent classification by World Health Organization divides odontoma into 2 groups such as compound odontoma and complex odontoma. Compound odontoma comprises dental tissues, resembling the morphology of a tooth and has predilection for the anterior maxilla. In contrast, complex odontoma has unorganized mass, not resembling the normal tooth and has predilection for the posterior mandible. The etiology of odontoma is unknown and almost asymptomatic. So, it usually is found in routine radiographic examination, and most common presenting symptom is impacted or unerupted permanent teeth and retained primary teeth. It can occurs almost anywhere in jaws. It is desirable that odontoma should be removed by surgical enucleation including follicle and surrounding soft tissues. Considering the age and behavioral cooperation of patient, the development of permanent dentition, the location of odontoma in jaw, the need for the concomitant operative dentistry, operation is performed in outpatient department with/without sedation or under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. In this case report, 2 patients with compound odontoma were treated by surgical enucleation including follicle and surrounding soft tissues. One patient, about 5 years old, was treated under general anesthesia and concomitant operative dentistry was performed. The other patient, about 11 years old, was treated under local anesthesia in outpatient department. In 2 cases, after 4 months, surgical defects were filled with new bone and normalization of eruption path of impacted permanent teeth was observed.