• Title/Summary/Keyword: 살포시기

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The residue characteristics of chlorpyrifos in chilli and sweet peppers (고추와 착색단고추 재배 중 사용한 Chlorpyrifos의 잔류특성)

  • Son, Kyeong-Ae;Kwon, Hye-Young;Kim, Jin-Bae;Jin, Yong-Duk;Kim, Taek-Kyum;Kim, Chan-Sub;Gil, Geun-Hwan;Im, Geon-Jae;Lee, Key-Woon
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.236-241
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    • 2012
  • The characteristics of chlorpyrifos was studied to clarify the effect of the cultivation season, spray intervals, spray volume and concentration on residues in chilli and sweet peppers cultivated under greenhouse condition. Residue levels of chlorpyrifos detected in chilli pepper fruit cultivated were 1.5 to 2.7 times higher in winter(February-March) than those in summer(June-July). During winter season residue levels of chlorpyrifos in chilli peppers were 6.9~3.2 times higher than those in sweet peppers for 10 days after 3 times application with 7 days interval. Residue levels in chilli pepper were from 2.070 mg/kg at 1 day to 0.929 mg/kg at 10 day, while those in sweet pepper were from 0.302 mg/kg to 0.291 mg/kg. Residue levels in sweet pepper to which are 3 times applied with 7 days interval were from 0.302 mg/kg at 1 day to 0.291 mg/kg at 7 day, and the residue levels in sweet pepper which are 3 times applied with 3 days interval were from 0.498 mg/kg at 1 day to 0.470 mg/kg at 7 day. Residue levels of chlorpyrifos in the sweet peppers applied by double concentration were 2.5 times higher than those sprayed by normal standard amounts diluted in double volume.

Studies on the Main Level-Grading Factors for Establishment of LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) System of Livestock Manure in Korea (가축분뇨 액비품질인증제도 구축을 위한 목표요소에 관한 연구)

  • Jeon, Sang-Joon;Kim, Soo-Ryang;Kim, Dong-Gyun;Rho, Kyung-Sang;Choi, Dong-Yoon;Lee, Myung-Gyu
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.111-122
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    • 2012
  • Establishment of the LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) system is very urgent issue for recycling livestock manure as renewable resources in Korea faced with environmental problem of manure application to land due to intensive livestock farming. In this study, we investigated relevant laws and regulations on livestock manure fertilizer, certifications of eco-friendly agricultural products, government policies on livestock manure management to establish reasonable direction of Korean LFQC (Liquid Fertilizer Quality Certification) system. As a result from this study, the liquid fertilizers in 'LFQC' system could be classified as three levels according to the usage patterns in field; 1st. Individual Farm Level (IFL), 2nd. Joint Farm Level (JFL), and 3rd. Commercial Level (CML). And finally, we found some characteristics in 'Main Level-Grading Factors' of liquid fertilizer such as fertilizing value, harmfulness, stability, uniformity, economic effect, storage potential, commercial value, functionality. Those items were considered to be the key factors for the establishment of 'LFQC' system. More research on 'Evaluation Standards' for concrete guideline and on the 'Main Level-Grading Factors' be needed to complete Korean LFQC system.

A Study on Improvement and Change Properties of Landscape Construction Standard Specification - Focused on Planting - (조경공사 표준시방서 변화특성과 개선방향 연구 - 식재공사를 중심으로 -)

  • Yu, Joo-Eun;Jun, Jin-Wan;Lee, Sang-Suk
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.60-70
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    • 2013
  • This study focused on analyzing classification system, technique methods, quality levels of periodic amendment characteristics in planting of standard specification. Through analyzing the above and comparing with foreign case study, this study suggests the improvement directions. The results improvement directions are as follows. 1. Many kinds of new construction were set up through the amendments of Landscape Standard Specification, but there are still needs to combine some construction categories because of mismatches between upper and lower categories. 2. Although the Landscape Standard Specification was revised to be more concrete, the contents there remains an ambiguous expression. So, standard specification is needed to revise a depth of earth ball or strength of support materials and quantify collect period of topsoil and application time. In addition, standards about following supervisor's instruction should be more detailed or deleted. 3. The standard specification has not been specified despite enactment and amendments reflecting the periodical paradigm and the needs of users, so it is still needed to revise. In addition, quality levels, planting periods, size of earth ball and performance criteria of tree materials are needed to revise. Each specific classification and construction methods were made by amendments of standard specification, but some standards are not clear and concrete. Therefore, the standard specification is needed to revise the classification system, technique methods, and problem deduction of quality levels and proposal of improvement. This study will be reference material when Landscape Standard Specification is revised.

Occurrence of Pea Weevil, Bruchus pisorum Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and Its Control Efficacy of Insecticides in Yeongnam District (영남지방내 완두콩바구미의 발생 및 약제방제 효과)

  • Kim, Hyun-Ju;Bae, Soon-Do;Lee, Geon-Hwi;Park, Sung-Tae;Park, Chung-Gyoo
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.46 no.1 s.145
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2007
  • Pea weevil was easily observed in the flower and pod of garden pea, but not observed in soybean at various locations in Yeongnam district through 2001 to 2003. Number of pea weevil observed in pea flower was the highest at Milyang (20), followed by Yangsan (15), Sacheon (14) and Changnyong (13), and was the lowest at Pohang (3). On the other hand, number of pea weevil observed in pea pod was the highest at Tongyeong (192), followed by Changnyong (171), Sacheon (157) and Changwon (138), and was the lowest at Pohang (12) which showed simila. tendency with the result of pea flower. Number of pea weevil occurrence observed in pea pod after one and two times applications of Insecticides in pea field were different at harvest day of 30th May while were not significantly different at harvest day of 5th June. Likewise, number of pea pod damage after one and two times applications of insecticides were different at harvest day of 10th May while was not different at harvest day of 5th June. Thus, control efficacies of insecticides according to application times against pea weevil showed very high with above 95% at harvest day of 6th June while showed variable control efficacies at harvest of 30th May.

Possibility of Control of Turfgrass Insect Pest, Popillia quadriguttata(Coleoptera : Rutelidae) Using Pheromone Trap in Golf Course (페로몬 트랩을 이용한 골프장 잔디해충 녹색콩풍뎅이의 방제가능성)

  • Kim, Jae-Ho;Lee, Jae-Pil;Ham, Suon-Kyu;Kim, Doo-Hwan;Yeom, Ju-Rip;Lee, Dong-Woon
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.45-60
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    • 2009
  • Occurrence ecology and possibility of mass trapping of Popillia quadriguttata, one of the most serious turfgrass insect pest in domestic golf courses was investigated using pheromone traps in Gimpo and Jinhae. Peak period of adult occurrence of P. quadriguttata was late June and early July in Gimpo Seaside Country Club from 2006 to 2008. It was early and middle July in Youngwon Country Club in 2006. The first catched day of P. quadriguttata adult was 20 June, while the last day was 10 September in Gimpo Seaside Country Club, 2006. Mean catched number of P. quadriguttata adult in Japanese beetle pheromone trap per day in peak period of occurrence were 18.2, 25.7, 29.0, and 15.7 at 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively. Mean catched number of P. quadriguttata adult in Japanese beetle pheromone trap were more in fairways or roughs than tees or greens. Possibility of control of scarab beetle using pheromone trap with pesticide treatment was investigated against oriental beetle, Blitopertha orientalis in Dongrae Benest Golf Club. Mean number of dead oriental beetle adult were more higher(2.9 folds) in fenitrothion EC treatment than fenitrothion EC treatment after set oriental beetle pheromone trap.

Effect of field location and spray device on pesticide residue in chilli peppers (농약 살포조건이 고추열매 중 잔류에 미치는 영향)

  • Son, Kyeong-Ae;Kang, Tae-Kyeong;Park, Byeong-Jun;Kim, Taek-Kyum;Gil, Geun-Hwan;Kim, Chan-Sub;Kim, Jin-Bae;Im, Geon-Jae;Lee, Key-Woon
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.230-235
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    • 2012
  • This study was carried out to clarify effects of field location and sprayer on the level of pesticide residue in chilli peppers. As confirmed by statistical analysis, the residue levels in green pepper among three greenhouses did not show significant difference at the first day after spraying with the same engine sprayer and nozzle. But the residue levels in green peppers collected from the exposed outside of crop were 2 times higher than those from the hidden inside. The sampling site was one of variation elements of pesticide residue. The residue levels after application by knapsack engine powered sprayer were 1.7 times higher than those by manual compressed sprayer. As the spraying pressure of the engine power sprayer is 2 times higher than the commonly used pressure of the manual compressed sprayer, the pressure of the sprayer and nozzles were considered to affect on the residue levels in peppers.

Suppression of Nitrate Accumulation in Vegetables by Foliar Application of Micronutrients (미량원소 엽면 처리에 의한 엽채류의 질산태 질소 축적 억제)

  • Eom, Jin-Sup;Park, Nu-Ri;Park, Sang-Gyu;Park, Shin;Chung, Jong-Bae
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.240-245
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    • 2001
  • Suppression of nitrate accumulation in vegetables through foliar application of micronutrients was investigated. Spinach and lettuce were grown in pots under greenhouse condition. Micronutrient solutions containing Cu, Mn, Mo, and Zn were used; chitosan was added into one and the other contained chitosan oligomers. The micronutrient solutions were sprayed on the leaves at 3 and 4 weeks after transplanting of 20-day-old seedlings. Plants were harvested at 5-weeks after transplanting. Yield, contents of chlorophyll, Brix value, micronutrient, and nitrate, and nitrate reductase activity were measured. Fresh weights of lettuce and spinach were significantly increased by the foliar application of micronutrients. Contents of chlorophyll and micronutrients were higher in micronutrient-treated plants, while those of nitrate were reduced by about 10 and 14-23% in lettuce and spinach, respectively. Compared to the control plants, nitrate reductase activity was higher in plants treated with micronutrients. Results of this study indicate the effect of micronutrients on the suppression of nitrate accumulation was relatively small in comparison to the contents of nitrate in leaves of spinach and lettuce. To maximize the effect, nutrient composition in solution, application time, and frequency should be further examined, taking into consideration nitrogen level in soil and other environmental factors including light condition.

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Control Efficacy of Several Fungicides against Downy Mildew of Onion at Nursery Seedling Stage (육묘상 양파 노균병에 대한 몇 가지 살균제의 방제 효과)

  • Mo, Chung-Yong;Lee, Jang Hoon;Ko, Suk-Juo;Yang, Kwang-Yeol
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.208-212
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    • 2016
  • During the nursery seedlings stage at Muan in 2013, moisture and temperature conditions were favorable for the occurrence of onion downy mildew. Several fungicides were evaluated for controlling onion downy mildew at the stage of seedling. The disease incidence of the untreated control was 51.1%, which was sufficient to evaluate the fungicide efficacy for the control of onion downy mildew. Incidence at the mancozeb treatment (MAN treatment) was 4.4% and it was the highest control value of 91.4%. Incidence at the various fungicides treatment (MIX treatment) consisted of amectotradin plus dimethomorph, floupicolide plus propamocarb HCl, or dimethomorph plus pyraclostrobin was 10.0%, and the control value of the MIX treatment was 80.4%. Among the tested fungicides, amectotradin plus dimethomorph (AME plus DIM treatment) was selected and treated. Incidence of AME plus DIM treatment was 12.2%. There was statistically significant difference among the three different treatments and the untreated control. These results suggest that the application of fungicides on onion nursery seedlings was effective to control the onion downy mildew.

Studies on the Foliar Application of Urea as Nitrogen Source of Rice Plant Nutrition (요소엽면살포(尿素葉面撒布)에 따른 수도(水稻)의 질소영양(窒素營養)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Cho, Seoung-Jin
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.9
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    • pp.125-147
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    • 1968
  • This experiment was carried out as a part of the studies on reasonable application of nitrogen in rice plant to determine: (I) Nitrogen absorption. and rooting of rice seedlings as affected by urea foliar application at late seedling stage (II) Effect of leaf prunning and foliar application of urea at late heading stage on the maturation and yield of rice (III) Effect of foliar application of urea and its time during the stage of ear formation on yield of rice plant. Results obtained are summarized as follows. Exp.I: Nitrogen absorption and rooting of rice seedlings as affected be urea foliar application at late seedling stage. 1 : The foliar application of urea plots$(T_{1},T_2)$ snowed mare N-content than non-urea foliar application plot(T0) at lane seedling stage, being significant among treatments and foliar application of urea seemed more effective in increasing the N-content of seedlings. and promoted root settlement and early growth alter the transplanting. 2 : The carbon contents of the plants of $T_1$, and $T_2$ at late seedling stage increased than T0, and the carbon contents. of $T_1$ and $T_2$ plots became higher in amount in proportion to the nitrogen absorption as compared with those of $T_0$. 3 : C/N ratio appeared significant among soil application plots($N_1, \;N_2$) and foliar application of urea plots ($T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_0$). C/N ratio was lower in case of increased amount of nitrogen. The higher contents of nitrogen and carbon and lower C/N ratio resulted in the increment of root numbers and root lengths. Exp.II: Effect of leaf prunning and foliar application of urea at late heading stage on the maturation and yield of rice. 1 : There was a highly significant decrease in the maturing rate by severe leaf prunning. In the mean time, significant increase in maturing rate was observed with urea foliar application and it was found the more frequent application the more effective for higher maturing rate with a moderate significance. A correlationship between the level of prunning and maturing rate was enumerated to 0.961 of correlation coefficient, which indicated an increased maturing rate by the increased number of remaining leaves. 2 : The 1.000 grain weight, grain weight and hulled rice yield increased by leaf prunning in order (plot a$A_1$, $A_3$, $A_2$ and $A_0$ were 89.8%, 89.4%, 87.8% and 87.5% respectively, showing the highest of rate in $A_1$ and $A_3$ in methods of ear fertilization and being highly significant between its treatment. 3 : 1000 grain weights were highly significant between time of application, showing a tendency of increase of weights with the time lagging until days before earings as that of maturing rates. High significance was recognized between methods of ear fertilization, showing the highest in $A_2$ 23.18 gr. 4 : Yields per $3.3m^2$ were not significant between time of ear fertilization, whereas were highly significant between methods of ear fertilization. Those of $A_1$, $A_3$, $A_2$ and $A_0$ were 1.486 kg, 1.491 kg, 1.381 kg and 1.328 kg, respectively, showing the highest in $A_1$ and $A_3$. 5 : Hulling ratios showed significant different between time of ear fertilization, showing the highest in $T_2$, whereas those of methods of ear fertilization were highly significant between its treatment, Those of $A_1$, $A_3$, $A_2$ and $A_0$ were 84.72%, 84.06%, 83.29%, and 82.56% respectively, showing the highest m $A_2$ and $A_3$ among others. 6 : Yields of hulled rice per $3.3m^2$ showed significant different between time of ear fertilization, showing the highest in $T_1$ 1.192 kg. Whereas, those were highly significant between methods of ear fertilization. Those of $A_1$, $A_3$, $A_2$ and $A_0$ were 1.259 kg, 1.254 kg, 1.149 kg and 1.095 kg, respectively, showing the highest in $A_1$ and $A_2$. 7 : Contents of nitrogen on rice plant increased in case of nitrogen application as ear fertilizer and showed that the case of urea foliar application was more effective than that of soil application, showing the increased nitrogen content of rice plant was accompanied by carbon content.

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Variation in Nitrate Contamination of Shallow Groundwater in a Farmland in Gyeonggi-do, Korea (경기도 지역 농경지의 천부 지하수 내 질산염 오염특성과 변화)

  • Lee, Eun-Jae;Woo, Nam-Chil;Lee, Byung-Sun;Kim, Yang-Bin
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.393-403
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    • 2008
  • Hydrogeochemistry of groundwater was studied in order to identify the influence of cow manure, distributed to a farmland as organic fertilizer, on nitrate concentrations in shallow groundwater and its spatio-temporal variations. From monitoring wells, water levels were measured using automatic data loggers, and water samples collected and analyzed in Feb., April, June and Oct. 2007. The average electric conductivity and concentration of nitrate in the groundwater show the highest levels in April and decline in subsequent sampling times. Decreases in dissolved oxygen(DO) and nitrate concentrations from April to Oct. and corresponding increases in $HCO_3$ concentrations indicate denitrification processes by microorganisms. Spatial variation of nitrate concentration appeared to be affected by the redox conditions of groundwater controlled by geochemical reactions of Mn, Fe and DOC contents.