• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.183-191
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• 2018

It is reported that Li-bearing minerals regarding as a promising battery industrial commodity occur in the Mogok metamorphic belt, Myanmar. Preliminary considerations on the mineralization of pegmatite occurrences within Mogok metamorphic belt such as Singu, Mogok and Momeik are as follows. In Singu area, lepidolite and rubellite occur together (Letpanhla No. 2 & 7 pegmatite) while rubellite only occur (Letpanhla No. 4 pegmatite). In Mogok area, lepidolite and rubellite occur together (Sakangyi pegmatite). In Momeik area, lepidolite and rubellite occur together (Pheyeou pegmatite) while rubellite only occur (Khetchel Ywar Thit pegmatite). In the future, it is estimated that it is necessary to implement the detailed exploration for the resource evaluation of lithium-bearing mineral targeted for the pegmatite of Mogok metamorphic belt.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.43-54
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• 2010

In order to improve the existing evaluation system of bus services and gain more reasonable analysis outputs, the authors evaluate the efficiency of 113 arterial bus routes in Seoul in 2009 using a modified BCC model considering not only desirable outputs but also undesirable outputs. Each Decision Making Unit (DMU) is assumed to use inputs such as possession costs, operating costs, the ratios of median bus stops overlapped route lengths to produce estimates of desirable outputs (the number of passengers and service satisfaction score) and undesirable outputs (CO2 emissions). According to the analysis, the modified BCC model considering both desirable outputs and undesirable outputs shows more appropriate results. DMUs would be more efficient on average to reduce nearly 10% of the 3 inputs (possession costs, operating costs, and overlapped route lengths) and increase by about 160% the ratios of median bus stops. Also, a Tobit regression analysis is conducted to identify the most effective variables for maximum efficiency and discover that the variable of possession costs and the ratios of median bus stops are statistically significant.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1313-1344
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• 2018

This study aims at investigating the effects of Government R&D subsidies. We analyse the effects of inputs and behavioral additionality on the output additionality. We also measure the moderate effects of the experiences of benefiting from government R&D on the relationship between inputs and behavioral additionality and the output additionality. We conducted a structured questionnaire on the companies who have participated in promotion program of the Korea Innovation Cluster. 126 responses were collected and alnalysed using the OLS technique. Empirical results show that the relationship between input/behavioral additionality (management, follow-up, cognitive capacity) and output additionality had positive effect. The moderating effects of experiences of R&D subsidy on the relationship between input additionality and output additionality and the relationship between cognitive additionality and the output additionality appear to be statistically significant.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.965-970
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• 2023

Wind profiler and wind lidar produce a vertical profile of winds in high spatiotemporal resolution in the atmospheric boundary layer. The wind lidar makes the wind vector using DBS (Doppler Beam Swinging) and VAD (Velocity Azimuth Display) methods. The DBS method has the advantage of obtaining a wind profile with a fast scan time. On the other hand, there is a restriction that requires at least two beams including vertical beam, which causes a decrease in the data acquisition rate. The VAD method was improved to produce more wind vector of the wind profiler as well as the wind lidar, which generally uses 5 beams. Fourier series was estimated with the radial velocity by the DBS method and wind vector was determined by setting the azimuth interval and applying the radial velocity by the Fourier series to the VAD method. The wind vectors were retrieved at the altitude where the wind was not calculated by the DBS method, and the results of the two methods were consistent.

• Proceedings of the Petrological Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.31-31
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• 1999

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.105-113
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• 2016

Fire radiative power(FRP), which means the power radiated from wildfire, is used to estimate fire emissions. Currently, the geostationary satellites of East Asia do not provide official FRP products yet, whereas the American and European geostationary satellites are providing near-real-time FRP products for Europe, Africa and America. This paper describes the first retrieval of Himawari-8 FRP using the mid-infrared radiance method and shows the comparisons with MODIS FRP for Sumatra, Indonesia. Land surface emissivity, an essential parameter for mid-infrared radiance method, was calculated using NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index) and FVC(fraction of vegetation coverage) according to land cover types. Also, the sensor coefficient for Himawari-8(a = 3.11) was derived through optimization experiments. The mean absolute percentage difference was about 20%, which can be interpreted as a favourable performance similar to the validation statistics of the American and European satellites. The retrieval accuracies of Himawari FRP were rarely influenced by land cover types or solar zenith angle, but parts of the pixels showed somewhat low accuracies according to the fire size and viewing zenith angle. This study will contribute to estimation of wildfire emissions and can be a reference for the FRP retrieval of current and forthcoming geostationary satellites in East Asia.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the accuracy and range of produced pitch in children with cochlear implants (CI) after an interval-based singing program. A total of three children with CIs aged 5 received twelve 35-minute individual sessions two to three times per week. The interval-based singing program was composed with third, fifth, and eighth intervals and implemented pitch discrimination, pitch imitation, and singing songs with target intervals in a sequence. At pretest and posttest, the changes in accuracy of pitch production during pitch imitation and singing were measured. The results demonstrated that all participants showed improvement in pitch accuracy and produced the target notes with great similarity to the expected pitches in the original song. The range of produced pitch also increased after the program. The results indicate that sequential trials to imitate pitches in a multisensory environment to facilitate the processing of pitch information may reflect how this population perceives pitch information and assist children with CIs to improve their pitch accuracy.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.2_1
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• pp.191-201
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• 2018

In this present study, we, for the first time, retrieved total column of ozone ($O_3$) and tropospheric ozone vertical profile using the Optimal Estimation (OE) method based on the MAX-DOAS measurement at the Yonsei University in Seoul, Korea. The optical density fitting is carried out using the OE method to calculate ozone columns. The optical density between the MAX-DOAS data obtained by dividing the measured intensities for each viewing elevated angle by those at the zenith angle. The retrieved total columns of the ozone are 375.4 and 412.6 DU in the morning (08:13) and afternoon (17:55) on 23 May, 2017, respectively. In addition, under 10 km altitude, the $O_3$ vertical profile was retrieved with about 5% of retrieval uncertainty. However, above 10 km altitude, the $O_3$ vertical profile retrieval uncertainty was increased (>10%). The spectral fitting errors are 16.8% and 19.1% in the morning and afternoon, respectively. The method suggested in this present study can be useful to measure the total ozone column using the ground-based hyper-spectral UV sensors.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.235-241
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• 2013

$NO_2$ vertical column densities were retrieved via ground based Multi-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements for the first time for 6 months over the spring season in 2007 and 2008 in Seoul, one the megacities in the Northeast Asia. The retrieved $NO_2$ vertical column densities were compared with those obtained from space borneOzone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Over the entire measurement period, the $NO_2$ vertical column densities measured by MAX-DOAS ranged from $1.0{\times}10^{15}molec{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ to $6.0{\times}10^{16}molec{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ while those obtained by OMI ranged $1.0{\times}10^{15}molec{\cdot}cm^{-2}$ to $7.0{\times}10^{16}molec{\cdot}cm^{-2}$. The correlation coefficient between $NO_2$ vertical column densities obtained from MAX-DOAS and OMI is 0.73 for the entire measurement period whereas the correlation coefficient of 0.85 is found for the dates under the clear sky condition. The cloudy condition is thought to play a major role in increase in uncertainty of the retrieved OMI $NO_2$ vertical column densities since air mass factor may induce high uncertainty due to the lack of cloud and aerosol vertical distribution information.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.79-92
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• 2011

Quantity take-off is one of the critical tasks that determine the cost of a construction project, and its result should be accurate and reliable. BIM-based quantity take-off is a very attractive process for practitioners since the quantity take-off can be done automatically in a fast and accurate way. However, the result of BIM-based quantity take-off can be varied depending on how BIM was modeled. As a project progresses, more detailed design information is getting available, and it can be expected that the degree of completeness and accuracy for the BIMbased quantity take-off is going to be improved as well. However, when estimation is performed at each stage of a project life-cycle, there is no way to measure or forecast how accurate of the quantity take-off result from the BIM data given at the current stage. Therefore, this research derived factors that affect the BIM-based quantity takeoff and developed a methodology and framework to measure and forecast the completeness of BIM-based quantity take-off. The measurement framework and index that are proposed by this research was verified and validated for their consistency and feasibility through six pilot projects.