• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 1977

To investigate the condition of infectious rate of fascioliasis in the farm animals. This survey was carried out, by the interdermal reaction from different animals, ages and pestures in Daejeon Suburbs and Cattle market and Abattoir. The average positive rate of infectious reaction were 31.0% in Korean Cattle, 38,7% in dairy Cattle, 33.8% in Korea native Goats and 26.9% in dairy Goat. The positive rate was higher at the age of 2~6 that compares with at age of yearling. From survey on the river side area, valley and wet area, the rate of positive was occured higher, than from plain, high land and in case of animals have not been grazing. And the detective rate of liver fluke among the positive reaction was occured 92.5% in Korean Cattle and 94.7% in Korea native Goat.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.247-252
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• 2016

Cultivated wild ginseng is a widely used dietary supplement and medicinal herb. The aim of this study was to optimize the ginseng using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)- charged aerosol detection (CAD) for ginsenoside analysis. CAD measures the physical property of an analyte and responds to almost all non-volatile species, independent of their nature, spectral properties, or particle size. It has become widely employed in pharmaceutical analysis. The cultivated wild ginseng extracts were analyzed for compositions of ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, Rg1, Rf, Re, and Rh1. The optimal analysis condition was set up from an experiment using a gradient. Ten grams of cultivated wild ginseng were extracted with 95% EtOH 100 ml for 24 hr at 80℃. The contents of the 6six major ginsenosides in the cultivated wild ginseng extract were Rb1 (5.48±0.12 mg/g), Rd (5.33±0.14 mg/g), Rg1 (12.80± 0.05 mg/g), Rf (19.08±0.68 mg/g), Re (19.87±0.05 mg/g), and Rh1 (16.47±0.16 mg/g), respectively. HPLC showed that the protopanaxatriol group (Rg1, Rf, Re, Rh1) had more content than the protopanaxadiol group (Rb1, Rd) in cultivated wild ginseng extract. In summary, the ginsenosides were identified with HPLC-CAD analysis, and their presence and quantity imply the importance of quality control, as well as the pharmacological activity of the ginseng root.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.68-68
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• 2003

오늘날 형질전환동물의 생산과 같은 생명공학기술의 발달로 인하여 우리나라 재래산양은 그 모델동물로서 번식 생리학적으로 매우 중요한 가치를 지니고 있을 뿐만 아니라 고유의 유전자원 보존 측면에서도 산양복제와 같은 다양한 연구가 절실히 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 생명공학기술의 기초자료를 제공하고자 난포란의 활성화 방법과 단위발생란의 체외발달율을 조사하였다. 성숙한 미경산 재래산양을 공시동물로 하여 CIDR를 이용하여 발정동기화를 시켰으며, 과배란 처리는 FSH와 hCG를 이용하여 과배란 처리를 실시하였고 난포란의 회수는 외과적 방법으로 개복하여 난소의 난포로부터 난자와 난포액을 흡입하여 회수하였다 난포란의 활성화 처리는 전기자극법과 약물처리 방법을 사용하였으며, 전기자극방법은 DC 2.36㎸/cm, 17$\mu$sec 전압으로 1회 전기자극을 가하여 활성화를 유도하였으며, 약물처리법은 5$\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$의 ionomycin 용액에서 5min, 1.9mM 6-DMAP용액에서 4시간동안 처리하여 활성화를 유도하였다. 단위발생란의 배양은 10% GS(goat serum)가 첨가된 M16 배양액과 10% FBS가 첨가된 TCM-199 배양액에서 난관상피세포와 6~7일동안 공배양을 실시하면서 체외발달율을 조사하였다. 활성화 방법에 따른 체외발달율은 전기자극 및 약물처리를 하였을때 분할율은 3.1% 및 67.9%였으며, 상실배 및 배반포로의 발달율은 0% 및 7.9%였다. 단위발생란의 체외 발달율은 10% GS가 첨가된 M16 배양액을 사용하였을 때 분할율은 68.0%였으며, 이중 12.0%가 상실배 또는 배반포로 발달하였다. 뿐만 아니라 10% FBS가 첨가된 TCM-199 배양액에 난관상피세포와 공배양을 실시하였을 경우는 72.0%가 분할하였으며, 이중 16.7%가 상실배 또는 배반포로 발달하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 활성화 처리는 ionomycin과 6-DMAP 용액처리가 적합하며, 단위발생란의 체외배양은 보다 적합한 배양조건의 확립이 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of consuming goat milk on the bacterial counts (colony forming units [CFU]) in adult women and to evaluate the carbohydrate fermentation capacity of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli isolated from their feces. Adult women who consumed goat milk (treatment group) had relatively higher CFU of bifidobacteria than did the control group, and the difference was significant (p<0.05) after 8 weeks. In total, 13 strains isolated from the feces of women in the treatment group were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing as Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. longum, B. pseudocatenulatum, B. dentium, and Lactobacillus sakei. Similarly, 12 strains isolated from the feces of women in the control group included B. adolescentis, B. longum, L. ruminis, L. sakei, and B. pseudocatenulatum. All isolated bifidobacteria and lactobacilli fermented goat milk oligosaccharide and lactulose. All 7 strains of B. adolescentis fermented fructooligosaccharides, and 3 of the 4 B. pseudocatenulatum strains, 2 of the 3 L. sakei strains, and 1 of the 7 B. longum strains fermented fructooligosaccharides.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.2
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• pp.182-188
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• 2013

In this study we investigated that the mountain-cultivated ginseng into persimmon vinegar fused material on blood lipids and anti-oxidant capacity in rats. A 4-year-old mountain-cultivated ginseng was ripened with 4-year-matured persimmon vinegar, and then it was diluted 5 times and orally administerd to rats. The rats were divided into a control group (CON), a persimmon vinegar group (PV) and a mountain-cultivated ginseng + persimmon vinegar fusion material group (MPV). The body weight was found to be low in MPV, and amount of the stored fats were also low in PV and MPV. Blood lipids were found to be low in PV and MPV compared to the CON. HDL-C (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) was found to be significantly high in these two groups. Liver Cu,Zn-SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GPx (glutathione peroxidase) were CON < PV < MPV, in sequence, with significance. Especially, it was the highest in MPV. Liver MDA (malondialdehyde) concent was MPV < PV, CON, in sequence, with significance. These results suggested that the fusion material lowers blood lipids and enhance anti-oxidant capacity. We carefully thought that it might be used effectively as a health food.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

This study conducted a full survey of the goral population using sensor cameras to identify the exact habitat of the gorals that inhabit Odaesan National Park and for restoration and habitat management-focused conservation projects following the population growth. We surveyed Odaesan National Park for a year in 2018 and selected18 grids (2km×2km) first based on the survey results. We then further divided each grid into four small grids (1km×1km) and installed a total of 62 sensor cameras in 38 small girds divided by four grids(1km×1km). The survey resulted in a total of 5,096 photographed wild animals, 2,268 of which were gorals, and the analysis by the classification table of goral (horn shape (Ⓐ), ring pattern (Ⓑ), ring formation ratio (Ⓒ), and facial color (Ⓓ)) identified a total of 95 animals. The ratio of male and female was 35 males (36.8%), 46 females (48.4%), and 14 sex unknowns (14.7%), while the ratio of female and male excluding sex unknowns was 4 (male):6 (female). The horn shape (Ⓐ) and face color (Ⓓ) were the important factors for distinguishing male and female and identifying individuals. The analysis of the correlation of 81 individuals, excluding 14 individuals of unknown sex, showed a significant difference (r=-0.635, p<0.01). Since the goral population in Odaesan National Park has reached a minimum viable population, it is necessary to change the focus of the management policy of Odaesan National Park from restoration to conservation.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.43-52
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• 2002

This study was performed to provide the basic data for preservation and improvement of genetic resources according to finding genetic construction obtained from analysis of genetic characteristics of $\beta$-casein gene in Korean Native goat and Saanen using the PCR-RFLP. This study confirmed the amplified products of 481bp fragments obtained from the amplification of $\beta$-casein loci by PCR. The $\beta$-casein AB genotype showed 481, 284 and 197bp, and $\beta$-casein BB genotype showed 284 and 197bp fragments in Korean Native goat and Saanen. The frequencies of $\beta$-casein genotype in Korean Native goat were 6.25 and 93.75% for AA and AB and the frequencies of $\beta$-casein genotype in Saanen were 57.14 and 42.86% for AA and AB types. The frequencies of $\beta$-casein A and B alleles were 0.031 and 0.969 in Korean Native goat and the frequencies of $\beta$-casein A and B alleles are 0.286 and 0.714 in Saanen, respectively. The nucleotide sequence of $\beta$-casein gene of Korean Native goat was 97.71% higher homology with 11 nucleotide sequences difference of that of goat reported in GeneBank (M90556). Therefore, this study of molecular genetic characteristics by the analysis of genetic polymorphism and sequencing for $\beta$-casein gene should be used as basic and applying data for preservation and improvement of genetic resources in Korean Native goat breeding.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.289-292
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• 1998

Identification and antibiotic susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens isolates from fecal specimens of healthy sheep and dogs were performed from December, 1995 to November, 1996 in Kwang-ju and Chonnam area. C. perfringens was isolated in 3 strains(15.0%) out of 20 healthy sheep and 2 strains(6.7%) out of 30 healthy dogs. In antibiotic susceptibility test of C. perfringens, 80% of the isolates was susceptible to ampicillin, baytril, and penicillin, 60% to cephalothin, and 40% to erythromycin.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.304-306
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• 2004

본 연구는 산양유 ${\beta}$-casein의 효소에 의한 가수분해 특성과 가수분해물의 Angiotensin Converting Enzyme의 저해 효과를 측정하고자 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 산양유 ${\beta}$-casein은 Mono S HR 5/5 양이온 교환 컬럼에서 분리하여 SDS-PAGE로 순수하게 분리된 것을 확인하였다. 2. 분리된 ${\beta}$-casein을 Trypsin으로 처리하여 가수분해물의 ACE저해 활성을 측정한 결과 가수분해 하지 않은 ${\beta}$-casein은 1.8%의 저해활성을 나타낸 반면, 가수분해한 ${\beta}$-casein은 25.36%의 저해활성을 나타내어 ACE 저해활성이 크게 증가한 것을 확인하였다. 3. 가수분해물의 $IC_{50}$을 측정한 결과 $308.7{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$로 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.701-710
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• 2008

The wild simulated ginseng (WSG) has been effectively used in folk medicine as a remedy against hepatic disease, hypertension and arthritic disease. However, there is still lack of scientific proof about its antioxidant capability. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the protective role of the WSG ethanol extract in the CCl4-induced oxidative stress and resultant hepatic disfunction in ICR mice. The electron donating abilities and IC50 of WSG etnanol extract were 76.86 ${\pm}$ 1.06% and 33.3 ${\mu}g$/mL (that of ascobic acid was 16.5 ${\mu}g$/mL), respectively. Total antioxidant status of WSG extract was 2.13 ${\pm}$ 0.06 mmoL/mg, while the values of ascorbic acid and BHT were 3.63 ${\pm}$ 0.06 and 3.12 ${\pm}$ 0.02, respectively. ICR mice (aged 3weeks) were fed for 4 weeks on AIN-93M diet and had free access to food and water. The animals were divided into three groups: normal group (intraperitoneally (i.p) injected with PBS at 100 ${\mu}L$/mouse), group C; CCl4-induced and without any treatment. (i.p injected only PBS, 100 ${\mu}L$ /mice), group G; CCl4-induced and treated with WSG (i.p injected with 5 mg WSG extract per mouse, suspended in 100 ${\mu}L$ phosphate buffer). After the i.p. injection of WSG or PBS (5 times for 7weeks), all mice were administered CCl4 in olive oil at the last day of the experiment, except for normal group. The normal group was administered only olive oil. Determination of plasma triglyceride, total cholersterol, fasting glucose and GPT activity was performed using automatic blood analyzer. To evaluate the protective effect against the oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation and TBARS were determined in blood leucocytes and RBC and hepatocyte, respectively. Body and organs weights and food intake did not show significant differences among the groups. Blood total cholesterol of group G was similar to that of normal group, which was the lowest in group C. The fasting blood glucose level was the highest in normal group (205.20 ${\pm}$ 135.24), which were decreased in group C (134.2 ${\pm}$ 79.31) and group G (126.48 ${\pm}$ 77.05). TBARS values in a red blood cell and hepatic tisuue homogenate were lower in group G comparing to the group C. DNA% in tail, tail length (TL) and tail moment (TM) of blood leucoocytes showed the highest values in group C (20.11 ${\pm}$ 2.47, 17.36 ${\pm}$ 2.58, 94.11 ${\pm}$ 12.29) and they were significantly diminished in group G (9.63 ${\pm}$ 1.19, 7.04 ${\pm}$ 1.50, 38.64 ${\pm}$ 7.60). In conclusion, wild simulated ginseng might be a protective agent against the oxidative stress.