Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2020.34.1.1

Analysis of the Naemorhedus caudatus Population in Odaesan National Park - The Goral Individually Identification and Statistical Analysis Using the Sensor Camera -  

Kim, Gyu-cheol (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation)
Lee, Yong-hak (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation)
Lee, Dong-un (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation)
Son, Jang-ick (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation)
Kang, Jae-gu (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation)
Cho, Chea-un (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology / v.34, no.1, 2020 , pp. 1-8 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study conducted a full survey of the goral population using sensor cameras to identify the exact habitat of the gorals that inhabit Odaesan National Park and for restoration and habitat management-focused conservation projects following the population growth. We surveyed Odaesan National Park for a year in 2018 and selected18 grids (2km×2km) first based on the survey results. We then further divided each grid into four small grids (1km×1km) and installed a total of 62 sensor cameras in 38 small girds divided by four grids(1km×1km). The survey resulted in a total of 5,096 photographed wild animals, 2,268 of which were gorals, and the analysis by the classification table of goral (horn shape (Ⓐ), ring pattern (Ⓑ), ring formation ratio (Ⓒ), and facial color (Ⓓ)) identified a total of 95 animals. The ratio of male and female was 35 males (36.8%), 46 females (48.4%), and 14 sex unknowns (14.7%), while the ratio of female and male excluding sex unknowns was 4 (male):6 (female). The horn shape (Ⓐ) and face color (Ⓓ) were the important factors for distinguishing male and female and identifying individuals. The analysis of the correlation of 81 individuals, excluding 14 individuals of unknown sex, showed a significant difference (r=-0.635, p<0.01). Since the goral population in Odaesan National Park has reached a minimum viable population, it is necessary to change the focus of the management policy of Odaesan National Park from restoration to conservation.
Keywords
CLASSIFICATION TABLE; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; SEX IDENTIFICATION;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Berger, J.(1990) Persistence of different-sized population: An empirical assessment of rapid extinctions in bighorn sheep. Conservation Biology 4(1): 91-98.   DOI
2 Cho, C.U.(2013) Systematic Study on the Long-tailed Goral(Naemorhedus caudatus), with Ecology and Conservation Plan. Ph.D. Thesis, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea. pp.72-119. (in Korean with English abstract)
3 Cho, C.U., K.C. Kim and G.H. Kwon(2016) Habitat altitude and home range of the endangered long-tailed goral (Naemorhedus caudatus): seasonal and monthly home range and altitude change. Mammalia 80(5): 481-489.   DOI
4 KNPS(2012) 2012 Odae Resource Research. Korea National Park Service, 9pp. (in Korean)
5 Cho, C.U., K.C. Kim, G.H. Gyun, K.Y. Kim, B.K. Lee and J.I. Son(2015) Habitat use of reintroduced Long-tailed Gorals (Naemorhedus caudatus) in Woraksan (Mt.) National Park in Korea. Korean J. Environ. Ecol. 29(2): 185-192. (in English)
6 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2008. www. iucnredlist. org. Downloaded on 1 November 2019.
7 Kays, R., B. Kranstuber, P.A. Jansen, C. Carbone, M. Rowcliffe, T. Fountain and S. Tilk(2009) Camera traps as sensor networks for monitoring animal communities. The 34th IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, pp. 811-818.
8 KNPS(2013) 2012 Annual Monitoring Report of Amur Goral. Korea National Park Service, 135pp.
9 Myslenkov, A.I. and V. Voloshina(1998) Sexual Behaviour of Amur goral. proc. 2nd World Conf. Ungulates, pp. 75-80.
10 Rhee, H.W.(2004) Astudy on Analyzing Piled Layers Ulsan Bankudae Petroglyphs. Master Thesis, University of Kyoungju, Gyeongbuk, Korea, pp. 10-67.
11 Rovero, F. and A.R. Marshall(2009) Camera trapping photographic rate as an index of density in forest ungulates. Journal of Applied Ecology 46(5): 1011-1017.   DOI
12 Rowcliffe, J.M., J. Field, S.T. Turvey and C. Carbone(2008) Estimateing animal density using camera traps without the need for individual recognition. Journal of Applied Ecology 45(4):1228-1236.   DOI
13 Shaffer, M.L.(1981) Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience 31(2): 131-134.   DOI
14 Wilson, D.E. and D.M. Reeder(2005) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference(3nd ed.). Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 406-407.
15 Soisalo, M.K. and S.M.C. Cavalcanti(2006) Estimating the density of a jaguar population in the Brazilian Pantanal using camera-traps and capture-recapture sampling in combination with GPS radio-telemetry. Biological Conservation 129(4):487-496.   DOI
16 Tanner, J.T.(1966) Effects of Population Density on Growth Rates of Animal Populations. Ecol. 47(5): 733-745.   DOI
17 Wallace, R.B., H. Gomez, G. Ayala and F. Espinoza(2003) Camera trapping for Jauguar(Panthera onca)in the tuichi valley, Bolivia. Mastozoologia Neotropical 10(1): 133-139.
18 Won, P.H.(1967) The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea(Publication of Volume 7). Minister of Education, Seoul, Korea, pp. 59-65. (in Korean)
19 Yang, B.K.(2002) Systematic, Ecology and Current Population Status of the Goral, Naemorhedus caudatus, in Korea. Ph. D Thesis, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, pp. 29-58. (in Korean with English abstract)