• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.106 no.2
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• pp.204-212
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• 2017

Soil disturbance caused by timber harvesting is widely recognized as a potential threat to forest utilization. The degree and extent of soil disturbance is believed to vary with respect to harvesting methods and logging machines. This study has conducted to assess the degree of soil disturbance associated with ground-based cut-to-length (GC) and cable yarding with whole tree (CW) harvesting methods. Soil disturbance was classified using a visual assessment of harvest unit. The properties of soils in different disturbance levels were also evaluated to understand the influence of timber harvesting on soil structure with soil core sampling method. The deep disturbance and soil compaction were observed in sites by 48% and 23% through harvesting areas for GC and CW logging methods, respectively. The results showed that logging machine and number of machine passage had significant influences on soil bulk density and porosity. Soil disturbance types such as rutted, slash cover, and compact were influenced by equipment travel trends in a GC method.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.331-336
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• 2014

Sediment and nutrient loading caused by the forest to conversion of agricultural lands have led to the deterioration in near water ecosystem. This study was carried out to examine the effects of agroforest culture field and open field culture field on water quality and runoff loading of nutrient. The runoff loading of Tot-N and Tot-P in agroforest culture field were similar to open field culture field. The runoff loading of total suspended solids (TSS) in agroforest culture field and open field culture field were $2,721kg{\pm}196/10a$ and $420{\pm}29kg/10a$ in 2011 and $696kg{\pm}59/10a$ and $463{\pm}36kg/10a$ in 2012, respectively. Our investigation showed that the runoff loading of TSS from agroforest culture field decreased when soil cover and soil stabilization increased. Therefore, protect facility of soil erosion for early alteration of agricultural lands are needed to minimize the soil erosion from agroforest culture field.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.35-51
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• 1997

To clarify the effect of forest environmental changes (forest type difference and clearcut) on water storage capacity in soil and stream flow, watershed had been investigated in Pyungchang, Kangwon-Do during 1983∼1993. Hydrological datas such as runoff, monthly ratio of runoff to precipitation, runoff-duration, monthly runoff(by plenty, ordinary, low and scanty duration), total runoff, direct runoff by runoff components, bulk density, porosity, coarse pore, fine pore, permeability and effective water storage were obtained from Backokpo and Yimokjong watersheds. The monthly ratio of runoff to precipitation, runoff and runoff-duration were higher in Yimokiong than in Backokpo due to forest type difference. On compararing pre-treatment with trement period in two experimental watersheds, pre-treatment period was lower than treatment period. Physical properties of soil such as bulk density, porosity, permeability, and effective water storage capacity conditions were better during the pre-trement period than treatment period in the two experiment plots.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2020

본 연구는 최근 암세포 생장억제 효과가 입증되어 약용소재로서의 활용가치가 높은 상동나무 (Sageretia theezans)의 대량증식 연구의 기반을 마련하기 위해 삽수묘를 시기별로 채취하여 삽목실험을 실시하였다. 삽수묘는 제주 대정읍, 전남 완도 보길도, 청산도 인근에서 수집하였으며, 상동나무 삽목은 시기별로 2019년 3월 21일(춘계), 7월 22일(하계), 9월 2일(추계)에 실시하였다. 토양조건은 모래, 원예용 상토, 모래와 원예용 상토를 1 : 1 배율로 섞은 토양에 각각 치상하였다. 삽목 후 산림약용자원연구소 온 실에 약 100일간 보관하였으며 1일 2회 관수하여 관리하였다. 그 결과 춘계에 삽목한 삽수묘에서 66.4% 의 발근율로 나타났으며, 뿌리는 평균 17.5mm의 길이로 측정되었다. 하계는 27.4%의 발근율을 보였으 며, 뿌리는 평균 12.6mm의 발달을 보였다. 추계에는 29.6%의 발근율로 13.2mm의 뿌리 발달을 보였다. 상동나무는 춘삽이 추삽에 비해 발근율이 높고, 숙지삽이 상동나무 발근에 있어 유리한 것으로 사료된 다. 또한 토양은 모래에 삽목한 삽수묘가 60.3%로 가장 발근율이 높았으며, 그 다음으로 모래와 원예용 상토를 1 : 1 배율로 섞은 토양이 42.7%의 발근율을 보였다. 마지막으로 원예용 상토에서 25.4%의 발근 율을 보였다. 이는 상동나무 삽목시 배수가 양호한 상태가 뿌리 및 캘러스형성에 유리하게 작용하는 것 으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2020

참당귀(Angelica gigas Nakai)는 중국의 동북부지역, 일본 및 한반도 전역에 자생하고 있으며, 예로부터 보혈, 활혈지통, 윤장등의 효능으로 심신혈허, 월경불순, 통경경폐 등의 병증에 주로 사용되었고, 8월부터 뿌리가 급격히 비대하여 10월 말에서 11월 초에 수확을 한다. 본 연구는 참당귀의 주산지인 봉화, 평창을 비롯한 영양, 인제 등 4지역을 선정하여 미세기상장비를 설치 및 토양의 이화학성 분석을 통해 지역별 생육환경을 측정하였고, 또한 참당귀의 생육특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과 5월에서 10월까지 평균 대기온도와 일사량은 인제지역에서 다른지역에 비해 비교적 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 토양온도는 5월에서 8월까지는 영양지역이, 9월과 10월은 봉화지역이 다른지역에 비해 비교적 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 지역별 토양 성분의 이화학적 특성은 봉화지역이 유기물(5.17%), 전질소(0.19%), 유효인산(2187.76mg/kg), 칼륨(1.53cmol⁺/kg)의 함량이 다른 지역에 비해 높은 경향으로 확인되었고, 인제지역이 칼슘(12.63 cmol⁺/kg), 마그네슘(3.7cmol⁺/kg)등 미량원소의 함량이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. pH는 지역별 차이가 확인되지 않았으며, 영양지역의 토성이 사질식양토로 배수성의 차이는 확인되었다. 이에 따른 참당귀의 생육특성은 초장과 줄기직경은 영양지역에서 각각 70.95cm와 35.72mm로 가장 높게 측정되었으며, 잎 길이및 너비는 평창지역에서 각각 42.84cm, 52.39cm로 가장 높게 측정되었다. 뿌리직경은 영양에서 50.49mm, 뿌리길이는 봉화에서 38.05cm, 생중량은 평창에서 328.23g으로 다른지역에 비해 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 상기 결과를 바탕 재배환경과 생장량간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 재배환경 중 대기 및 토양온도, 대기 습도는 실험이 수행되어진 전 지역에서 이상고온이나 저온과 같은 특이점 없이 비슷한 양상으로 측정되었고, 이에 따라 참당귀생장에 대해 유의한 상관관계가 분석되지 않았다. 토양습도는 지상부(초장, 줄기직경, 잎길이, 잎너비)의 생육과 음의 상관관계에 있다고 사료되나 유의성이 검증되지 않았다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.50-61
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• 2018

The current study aimed to review the research trends on forest liming by age, country, and research topics, and seeks to summarize the effects of forest liming on soil, vegetation and water system in forest ecosystems. The recent goals of forest liming have been changed in response to changes in the acid deposition, and related studies have been mainly carried out in Europe and North America, where there is noted a massive forest decline, which was subsequently caused by acid rain. Most forest liming studies are noted to have focused on soil responses, however, the number of studies on the responses of vegetation and water system according to a literature review on the subject were relatively small. Meanwhile, forest liming influenced whole forest ecosystems through interaction between the soil, vegetation and water system as associated with the relevant regions. The changes in soil pH, base saturation, and cation exchange capacity by forest liming were noted as different depending on the soil layer and elapsed time after liming. The responses of vegetation to forest liming were shown in above- and below-ground plant growth and plant nutrient concentration, and also were noted to have varied depending on the available regional plant species and noted specific soil conditions. The chemical properties of the water system were changed similarly to those in the soil, leading to notable changes as seen in the planktons and available fish species in the region. Finally, these results could be used to plan further studies on forest liming, which would significantly benefit regional studies to promote the preservation of the species noted for protection in the region.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.457-464
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• 2021

The objectives of this study were to analyze of soil chemical characteristics of abandoned coal mine forest rehabilitation areas in Gangwon-do. The study sites were 8 areas and the investigations were performed 11 times according to elapsed time. Soil characteristics were soil pH, TOC, Total-N, C/N ratio, and Av. P₂O₅. Soil pH and Av. P₂O₅ were decreased according to elapsed time after forest rehabilitation, while TOC, Total-N, and C/N ratio increased. TOC and Total-N arrived at quality requirements of covering soil for forest rehabilitation in abandoned coal mine area passed 10 years after forest rehabilitation, while soil pH became lower than that. Therefore, it needs long-term monitoring of soil chemical characteristics after the forest rehabilitation and to establish post management.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.82-86
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the spore diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in rhizospheres of a post-mining area and a natural forest area in Jecheon, Korea. The rhizospheres of the post-mining areas were dominated by Acaulospora mellea, while those of the natural forest area were dominated by Ambispora leptoticha. The number of AMF spores in rhizospheres of the post-mining area was significantly higher than that in the rhizospheres of the natural forest area. Although the diversity index of each area showed no significant difference, the community similarity of AMF within the rhizospheres of natural forest area was significantly higher than that observed within those of post-mining area. These results showed that AM fungal communities in rhizospheres could change because of the degree of disturbance.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.1
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• pp.133-138
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• 2001

Increased base cation loss and Al mobilization, a consequence of soil acid neutralization responses, are common in air polluted areas showing forest decline. The prediction models of acid neutralization responses were developed by using indicators of soil acidification level(pH, and base saturation) in order to assess the forest soil sensitivity to acidification. The soil acidification level was greatest in Namsan followed by Kanghwa, Ulsan, and Hongcheon, being contrary to regional total $ANC_H$ pattern through soil columns leached with additional acid ($16.7mmol_c\;H^+/kg$), Both base exchange and Al dissolution were main acid neutralization processes in all study regions. There were low base exchange and high Al dissolution in the regions of the low total $ANC_H$. The $ANC_M$ by sulfate adsorption was greatest in Hongcheon compared with other regions even though the AN rate was very low as 6.4%. Coefficients of adjusted determination of simple and multiple regression models between soil acidification level indicators and the acid neutralization responses were more than 0.52(p<0.04) and 0.89(p<0.01), respectively. The result suggests that soil pH and base saturation are available indicators for predicting the acid neutralization responses. These prediction models could be used as an useful method to measure forest soil sensitivity to acidification.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

The objectives of this study was to obtain the basic information for reasonable management of soil ecosystem damaged by pine wilt disease. Soil temperature and moisture content were $15.3{^{\circ}C}$ and 11.5% at whole-cut site, $14.4{^{\circ}C}$ and 13.5% at partial-cut site, and $13.7{^{\circ}C}$ and 14.8% at control site, respectively. The content of soil organic matter throughout the study period ranged from 2.11 to 2.64% at whole-cut site, 2.26 to 3.33% at partial-cut site, and 2.27 to 3.10% at control. Soil respiration rates showed seasonal fluctuations increasing in summer, which showed positive correlations between soil respiration and soil temperature. Average soil respiration were 0.24, 0.36 and $0.32gCO_{2}/m^{2}/hr$ at whole-cut site, partial-cut site, and control, respectively. $Q_{10}$ values ranged from 2.39 to 2.68 at Pinus densiflora stands damaged by pine wilt disease. Annual soil respiration rate at whole-cut site, partial-cut site and control were 8.1, 15.6 and $14.6tCO_{2}/ha/yr$, respectively.