• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2002

The 'hands-on' craftsmanship of the 20th century has came and gone. Today, we are dealing with whole new, 'cerebral approach,' to concept and design with this new approach, design and function are very much dependant upon planning, sales, promotion, and the formative technique of the design industry. The innovative process of design constantly change as it reflects the needs and wants of society. It is and industry that constantly change as it reflects the needs and wants of society. It is and industry that constantly remakes and reshapes itself to suit current trend and outlook. The current idea being that consumers are looking for quality over quantity. Due to the 20th centuries dominant philosophy of functionalism, production intended to standardize the individual's purchasing choice. Aesthetic, or philosophic qualities played a second fiddle to the functional bias of a product, With production, Marketing, and research and development are integrated into the management process. This translates as good which include efficiency, quality, durability, and credibility an trademark and style. There is a definite 'post-modernist' movement and style in 21st century. Every possibility is available as the old boundaries of the 20th century are laid aside. There is a new, transformative quality to the current paradigm of design. The old "should" and "should not" of design no longerapplies. The integrated rative of design solves the usual disparity between aesthetic qualities and production. Design and profirability need not be stranger to one another. It can differentiate the image perceived of both enterprises and consumers by making use of integrated goods services. With an integrated system. both producers and designers win. While design gets full access to design in turn. All consumers make decisions based upon the evaluation of quality, service, and image ; even though it may not be a conscious decision to do so. Consumers are fully integrated human beings ; therefore producers who apply the new, integrated paradigmatic approach to concept, design, and production will reap the harvest of making a true relationship with individual buyer.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.105-123
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• 2018

Currently, satellite images act as essential and important data in water resources, environment, and ecology as well as information of geographic information system. In this paper, we will investigate basic characteristics of satellite images, especially application examples in water resources. In recent years, researches on spatial and temporal characteristics of large-scale regions utilizing the advantages of satellite imagery have been actively conducted for fundamental hydrological components such as evapotranspiration, soil moisture and natural disasters such as drought, flood, and heavy snow. Furthermore, it is possible to analyze temporal and spatial characteristics such as vegetation characteristics, plant production, net primary production, turbidity of water bodies, chlorophyll concentration, and water quality by using various image information utilizing various sensor information of satellites. Korea is planning to launch a satellite for water resources and environment in the near future, so various researches are expected to be activated on this field.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.293-314
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• 2011

The current study investigated the position of future strategy analyzed from the perspective of design management in relation to 10 strategic industries implemented through 3 steps based on promising growth and advancement of Busan industries and evidence provided from a study on the development program of design industry in Busan. It elucidated the role of design industry as a key role from the perspective of design management in an age of creative revolution of futures values. It analyzed the associations between composition of future strategy and design industry in 10 strategic industries of Busan, and explained the relationships with the strategic industries. The perspective of design management involves that design as a ground of values is an industry of the future values, which performs a key strategic function and role, and a theoretical investigation examined the relationships between main functions of design management and business management. Chapter 3 organized items proposed in the design development program in Busan and examined goals and systems which become basic formation of establishment of design strategy in Busan and conditions for design industry in the associations with strategic industry. Chapter 4 described priorities of practicability by step through analyzing and grouping top 30 projects in Busan industry including meanings as key strategy, position relations, and policy priorities by analyzing elements of design management of strategic industry and describing and analyzing the concept of promoting Busan design. The theme of the present study is to change perception of design management as a key value and a condition to decide creativity industry into future industry and to evaluate vision of Busan design industry and meanings proposed as proceeding strategy. The early 21st century is an age when agrarian society has changed into industrial society is dominated by knowledge economy of the information revolution and one should prepare for the growth phase of creative innovation based on creative revolution of the 4th wave of creative society by design management which has become a center in 2000s on the whole. With the advent of creative paradigm and based on the function and role of the current creative economy age new innovation DNA of design management will be created. Design process has changed through information and knowledge-oriented trends of digital through convergence between industries from industrial design to convergence of industries, and it is expected that integrated design of value creation using information and technology will play a key role in Busan design industry development and top 10 strategic industries.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.49-67
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• 1996

On of Revolutionary changes of the commercial facilities is appearance of supermarket since the 1970's. It means modernization of retail establishment size. Simultaneously, and then path of distribution resulted in change. Namely, function of wholesale and retail is mixed, path of distribution is shortened, and then distribution function become more influential. By these changes, producer, manager and consumer can be benefit. That is, a change of commercial part is accurance to change of society and economy of region. The aim of the study is to examine commercial properties of supermarket in Kwangju city, and then, it is concerned with life of residents. Factor analysis is applied to the study. The results are as follows: Four factors are abstracted. The first factor of large explanation on properties of supermarket is accounted for years of management, land lent, number of establishments of wholesale${\cdot>$retail${\cdot>$service, age of manager, distance of neighbour residence, and so on. Namely, these may be regarded as commercial environmental feature. Moreover, regional distribution on the ground of factor score is concentrated on CBD and it's neighbour area, which are the areas of highest land lent in Kwangju city. The second factor is accounted for number of supermarket and number of population in each 'dong' (smallest factor-scored area is new housing complex in an outer ring of Kwangju. The third factor is accounted for number of workers, and size of establishment. Regional distribution is concentrated on neighbour of CBD and the outer ring area. These are scattered in contrast to the first and second factors which are continuous. The fourth factor is noted on a sale price of non-foodstuffs, that is, a feature of formation of goods. The highest factor score areas are the CBD, neighbour area of the CBD and a part of an outer ring area. On the other hand, the property of supermarket is preferred to 'the near distance' according to consumer's viewpoint. Furthermore, the location of supermarket, which is actually used by residents, is almost near residental area. It means that condition of location of supermarket is important in the distance of neighbour residence. Besides, supermarkets in Kwangju city are actually situated at residental area, that is, those locations in Kwangju city correspond to preference of consumer's viewpoint. Moreover, this result corresponds to the first factor of the analysis. Namely, the distance of property of supermarket from neighbour residence has very important effect on both of consumer and manager. In the end, supermarket is strongly related to life of residents. It means that supermarket is also responsible to quality of life. On the other hand, commercial facilities have been changed according to consumer's needs and social environments. For these reasons, commercial properties of supermarket must be reexamined in according to diverse commercial facilities and change of commercial environments.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.27
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• pp.129-159
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• 2011

Physical security has always been an extremely important facet within the security arena. A comprehensive security plan consists of three components of physical security, personal security and information security. These elements are interrelated and may exist in varying degrees defending on the type of enterprise or facility being protected. The physical security component of a comprehensive security program is usually composed of policies and procedures, personal, barriers, equipment and records. Human beings kept restless struggle to preserve their and tribal lives. However, humans in prehistoric ages did not learn how to build strong house and how to fortify their residence, so they relied on their protection to the nature and use caves as protection and refuge in cold days. Through the history of man, human has been establishing various protection methods to protect himself and his tribe's life and assets. Physical security methods are set in the base of these security methods. Those caves that primitive men resided was rounded with rock wall except entrance, so safety was guaranteed especially by protection for tribes in all directions. The Great Wall of China that is considered as the longest building in the history was built over one hundred years from about B.C. 400 to prevent the invasion of northern tribes, but this wall enhanced its protection function to small invasions only, and Mongolian army captured the most part of China across this wall by about 1200 A.D. European lords in the Middle Ages built a moat by digging around of castle or reinforced around of the castle by making bascule bridge, and provided these protections to the resident and received agricultural products cultivated. Edwin Holmes of USA in 20 centuries started to provide innovative electric alarm service to the development of the security industry in USA. This is the first of today's electrical security system, and with developments, the security system that combined various electrical security system to the relevant facilities takes charging most parts of today's security market. Like above, humankind established various protection methods to keep life in the beginning and its development continues. Today, modern people installed CCTV to the most facilities all over the country to cope with various social pathological phenomenon and to protect life and assets, so daily life of people are protected and observed. Most of these physical security systems are installed to guarantee our safety but we pay all expenses for these also. Therefore, establishing effective physical security system is very important and urgent problem. On this study, it is suggested methods of establishing effective physical security system by using system integration on the principle of security design about effective security system's effective establishing method of physical security system that is increasing rapidly by needs of modern society.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to present an alternative improving the efficient and reasonable of the physical distribution system management is influenced by many factors. Therefore, the study depends on the documentary method and survey method to achieve the purpose of this study. The major components of a physical distribution system are refers to as elements, include warehouse·storage system, transportation system, inventory system, physical distribution information system. The factors used in this study are ① factor of product(quality·A/S·added value of product·adaption of product·technical competitive power to other enterprises), ② factor of market(market channel·kinds of customer·physical distribution share), ③ factor of warehouse·storage(warehouse design·size·direction·storage ability·warehouse quality), ④ factor of transportation(promptness·reliability·responsibility·kinds of transportation·cooperation united transportation system·national transportation network), ⑤ factor of packaging (packaging design·material·educating program·pollution degree measure program), ⑥ factor of inventory(ordinary inventory criterion·consistence for inventories record), ⑦ factor of unloaded(unloaded machine·having machine ratio), ⑧ factor of information system (physical distribution quantity analysis·usable computer part), ⑨ factor of physical distribution cost(sales ratio to product) ⑩ factor of physical distribution system(physical distribution center etc). The implication of this study can be summarized as follows: ① In firms that have not adopted a systems integrative approach, physical distribution is a fragmented and often uncoordinated set of activities spread throughout various functions with function having its own set of priorities and measurements. ② The physical distribution is recognized as more an important strategic factor than a simple cost reduction factor, ③ It can be used a strategic competition tool to enterprise.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.73-82
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• 2011

This study presents an effective and distinctive marketing strategy through the implementation of the aesthetic art marketing communication technique of storytelling. The reason applying art to marketing is effective is that it gives "class" and aesthetic beauty to the brand's image, which will lead to an increase in revenue and loyalty of consumers. The story stands in for the brand's subject of "desire." Luxury brand customers not only consume high-quality products, require the utmost in service, and value of the brand, they also appreciate the story the brand is telling. The story, combined with art, is called art marketing communication; it makes the brand more unique through its enhanced visual elements. The study discusses art collaboration, art exhibition, a transforming architecture project, art advertisement, a flagship store, and a human resource training center. Based on the "desire," I adopted the element and principle of storytelling. By visualizing the brand with a symbol, the company is able to relate to consumers' sentimentality. Through storytelling art marketing communication, and the strategy using relevance of brand and artist's popularity, the research shows efficient art marketing influences to the brand's image. The results of the research indicate that by using adequate art marketing communication that best reflects the identity and story of the luxury brand, it produces great results; the research also demonstrated, in various ways, that art marketing will succeed. The case showed the following outcomes. First, consumers have a tendency to choose a brand that is associated with an empathizing story. World renowned brands see through the market's "desires" for unique stories, and they also provide the ability to amuse consumers. The story in a product will become an important competitive element in future markets. Second, the art marketing communication applying a story rendered a brand with distinction. The most effective art marketing communications are art collaboration, art exhibition, locomotive architecture project, and others that are adopted as various means. Third, the brand's products were considered as an art piece, which led to not only strengthening the loyalty of consumers but also an increase in sales. In addition, the company could sustain a premium price for the goods sold. By adapting art to a brand's tradition, an innovative and creative new product provides consumer satisfaction, and producing goods in limited editions creates enthusiastic collectors. Fourth, this study suggests an abridged report, implication, limitation of the study, and directions for further research. Referring to the case for the adaptation of luxury brands, efficient art marketing strategies considering Korean company brand and efficiently study preceding Korean company brand art marketing strategy could be proposed.

• Journal of Legislation Research
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• no.53
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• pp.177-211
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• 2017

In the course of the emergence and development of new ICT technologies and services such as Big Data, Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence, the future will change by these new innovations in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The future of this fourth industrial revolution will change and our future will be data-based society or economy. Since there is personal information at the center of it, the development of the economy through the utilization of personal information will depend on how to make the personal information protection laws. In Korea, which is trying to lead the 4th industrial revolution, it is a legal interest that can not give up the use of personal information, and also it is an important legal benefit that can not give up the personal interests of individuals who want to protect from personal information. Therefore, it is necessary to change the law on personal information protection in a rational way to harmonize the two. In this regard, this article discusses the problems of duplication and incompatibility of the personal information protection law, the scope of application of the personal information protection law and the uncertainty of the judgment standard, the lack of flexibility responding to the demand for the use of reasonable personal information, And there is a problem of reverse discrimination against domestic area compared to the regulated blind spot in foreign countries. In order to solve these problems and to improve the legislation of personal information protection in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, we proposed to consider both personal information protection and safe use by improving the purpose and regulation direction of the personal information protection law. The balance and harmony between the systematical maintenance of the personal information protection legislation and laws and regulations were also set as important directions. It is pointed out that the establishment of rational judgment criteria and the legislative review to clarify it are necessary for the constantly controversial personal information definition regulation and the method of allowing anonymization information as the intermediate domain. In addition to the legislative review for the legitimate and non-invasive use of personal information, there is a need to improve the collective consent system for collecting personal information to differentiate the subject and to improve the legislation to ensure the effectiveness of the regulation on the movement of personal information between countries. In addition to the issues discussed in this article, there may be a number of challenges, but overall, the protection and use of personal information should be harmonized while maintaining the direction indicated above.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.101-116
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• 2019

Technology-based start-up is important in that it encourages innovation, facilitates the development of new products and services, and contributes to job creation. Technology-based start-up activates entrepreneurship when appropriate support is provided within the ecosystem. Thus, understanding the technology-based start-up ecosystem is crucial. The purpose of this study is as follows. First, in Herrmann et al.'s(2015) study, we compare and analyze the ecosystem of each country by selecting representative regions such as Silicon Valley, Tel Aviv, London and Singapore which have the highest ranking in the start-up ecosystem. Second, we try to deeply understand the start-up ecosystem based on in-depth interviews with various stakeholders such as VC investors, start-ups, support organizations, and professors related to the Korean start-up ecosystem. Finally, based on the results of the study, we suggest development and activation of Korean technology-based start-up ecosystem. As a result, the Seoul start-up ecosystem showed a positive evaluation of government support compared to other advanced countries. In addition, it was confirmed that the ratio of tele-work and start-up company working experience of employees was higher than other countries. On the other hand, in Seoul, It was confirmed that overseas market performance, human resource diversity, attracting investment, hiring technological engineers, and the ratio of female entrepreneurs were lower than those of overseas advanced countries. In addition, according to the results of the interview analysis, Seoul was able to find that start-up ecosystems such as individual angel investors, accelerators, support institution, and media are developing thanks to the government's market-oriented policy support. However, in order for this development to continue, it is necessary to improve the continuous investment system, expansion of diversity, investment return system, and accessibility to the global market. A discussion on this issue is presented.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.199-232
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• 2018

There are increasing needs for understanding and fathoming of business management environment through big data analysis at industrial and corporative level. The research using the company disclosure information, which is comprehensively covering the business performance and the future plan of the company, is getting attention. However, there is limited research on developing applicable analytical models leveraging such corporate disclosure data due to its unstructured nature. This study proposes a text-mining-based analytical model for industrial and firm level analyses using publicly available company disclousre data. Specifically, we apply LDA topic model and word2vec word embedding model on the U.S. SEC data from the publicly listed firms and analyze the trends of business topics at the industrial and corporate levels. Using LDA topic modeling based on SEC EDGAR 10-K document, whole industrial management topics are figured out. For comparison of different pattern of industries' topic trend, software and hardware industries are compared in recent 20 years. Also, the changes of management subject at firm level are observed with comparison of two companies in software industry. The changes of topic trends provides lens for identifying decreasing and growing management subjects at industrial and firm level. Mapping companies and products(or services) based on dimension reduction after using word2vec word embedding model and principal component analysis of 10-K document at firm level in software industry, companies and products(services) that have similar management subjects are identified and also their changes in decades. For suggesting methodology to develop analysis model based on public management data at industrial and corporate level, there may be contributions in terms of making ground of practical methodology to identifying changes of managements subjects. However, there are required further researches to provide microscopic analytical model with regard to relation of technology management strategy between management performance in case of related to various pattern of management topics as of frequent changes of management subject or their momentum. Also more studies are needed for developing competitive context analysis model with product(service)-portfolios between firms.