• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.207-231
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the intergovernment relationship on the local government's social welfare expenditure. The data of 230 local governments from 2003 to 2008 were analyzed with the PCSE(Panel Corrected Standard Errors) Model of Beck and Kats. The results were as follow. First, financial transfer from the higher governments increase the social welfare expenditure of the local governments. Second, the party structure, that is the political relationships among local, regional, and central governments, affect the social welfare expenditure of the local governments. Third, the local governments compete each other to expand the social welfare expenditure in Korea. These results suggest that the relationship of local governments with the higher ones as well as the community factors is important in Korea, where the centralization is still strong in the local autonomy system, to understand the development of social welfare.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.39
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• pp.167-187
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• 2008

This study explores the trends of social security expenditures after financial crisis in welfare states. For the purpose, this study analyzes changes in social expenditures during 1980~2003 in 22 OECD countries. The results show that average total social security expenditure(as a percentage of GDP) among the 22 countries increased from 18.0% in 1980 to 22.3% in 2003. Compared to sharp increases during the great expansion period of the welfare state before 1980s, the increase in social expenditures after 1980s is substantially weakened. The slowdown in the increases of social expenditures is remarkable in the social democratic welfare states where social expenditures have already reached a high level. On the other hand, social expenditures are considerably increased in the lagged welfare states such as South European countries and Japan. As a result, the cross-national difference in social expenditures has continuously decreased. These findings suggest that financial crisis is a key factor of welfare-state reorganization. Countries where social expenditures are in high level need more reforms under the pressure of financial deficits. Since 1980s, they have tried various reforms especially in pensions and unemployment benefits. Facing new and increasing demands for social security as well as financial limitations, the welfare state needs major reforms in the social security system to increase effectiveness/efficiency of existing programs and to iron out priorities among programs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.147-153
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• 2012

This paper has investigated the impact of corporate donation expenditure which has recently drawn great attention in Korean society on businessl performance and conducted an empirical analysis on the causal relations. In addition, concurrent effect has been analyzed using cross-sectional data between two variables (corporate donation expenditure and business performance) while sequential effect has been examined using panel data. The result of this study can be summarized as follows: First, corporate donation expenditure had a positive impact on ROA and ROS. However, PER and ROE had no impact on corporate donation expenditure Second, cumulative effcet of corporate cash donation would have a bigger impact on short-term business performance than long-term performance. In the future, The results of this study is expect through cash donations in the social contribution to be more aggressive in carrying out social responsibilities.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.327-348
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to understand the diverse lifestyles of Korean older adults by analyzing the consumption pattern of older households and its determinants. The 9th wave of the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS) data was used for analysis. The twenty consumption items provided by the dataset was reduced to thirteen according to the consumption purpose inherent in the item. K-means cluster analysis and multinomial logistic regression was employed to categorize the consumption pattern of older households and to analyze the determinants. The results are as follows. The consumption pattern of Korean older adults was clustered into six distinctive groups named Breadwinner, Leisure-time pursuer, Friendly outgoes, Daily-life survivor, Illness sufferer and Shelter seeker. Breadwinner, Leisure-time pursuer and Friendly outgoes were lifestyles that earn and spend more compared to the other three. Nevertheless, they differed according to the family size, indicating that the parenting burden might have direct influence on the lifestyle of Korean older adults. Older adults without parenting burden and with high level of education and economic capacity were likely to show Friendly outgoes lifestyle. On the other hand, Daily-life survivor, Illness sufferer and Shelter seeker showed lower level of spending, indicating that for those lacking in economic capacity, urgent needs such as medical need or housing need dominates the lifestyle. The results call for adequate custom policies that best fit the needs of older adults.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.109-125
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• 2000

본 논문은 3개 기초자치단체 지역주민들을 중심으로 이들 지방정부의 투자우선지출 순위에 관한 지역주민의 의식을 분석해 보았다. 이러한 분석은 근본적으로 지방정부의 공공지출을 통한 투자사업 활동이 지역주민의 선호순위와 일치하는지를 검증해보기 위한 선행연구로서의 의미를 가지고 있다. 지역에 따른 행정기능별 우선지출 순위분석에서 볼 때 일반행정부문의 경우 세지역 모두 기획조정분야에 가장 큰 우선지출을 요구하고 있고 산업경제 부문의 경우 지역특산물생산과 지역공단육성에 큰 관심을 보이고 있으며 사회복지부문의 경우 쓰레기처리 및 폐기물관리 등에 우선적인 관심을 보여 생활환경의 정비에 큰 관심이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 지역개발사업의 경우 도시계획 및 도시정비사업이 그리고 민방위부문의 경우 재난관리와 화재예방의 부문에 특히 우선지출의 관심을 보이고 있었다. 지방자치단체의 공공지출에 영향을 미치는 주요요인들은 주민참여도, 정부.기업관계, 정치적 연계, 기획과 예산구조, 공공투자 재원보조, 등으로 구성되어 있으나 각 요인별로 구성변인에 따른 지역주민간의 인식은 다르게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 이상과 같은 지역주민들의 공공지출형태의 다양성과 여러 기대조건들을 충족시키고 그럼으로써 행정서비스에 대한 지역주민의 만족도를 극대화하기 위해서는 각 지방정부는 그들 지역내 특수한 사회 경제적 여건하에서 새로운 고객관리전략을 수립하여야 할 것이다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.73-80
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• 2020

Using 8,499 observations from 5 years-1,878 firms panel data during 2014 to 2018 in Korean stock exchanges, this study examines the impact of National Pension's ownership on corporate philanthropic giving. The empirical study finds that National Pension's ownership has positive relations with the extent of corporate philanthropic giving in terms of the amounts per employee, the expenditures with respect to total asset and total sales, implying that National Pension plays a monitoring role in promoting target firms to increase the extent of corporate philanthropic giving, which lead to increase in target firms' long-term values. The empirical study also finds that when National Pension is a blockholder holding more than 5% ownership in the target firms, it has positive relations with the extent of corporate philanthropic giving in terms of the amounts per employee, the expenditures with respect to total asset, implying that it exercises disciplinary roles on focal firms in promoting the extent of corporate philanthropic giving in order to increase target firms' long-term values. The results overall support that National Pension plays positive effects on target firms in promoting the extent of corporate philanthropic giving, which lead to increase in target firms' long-term values.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.378-389
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• 2013

Health care expenditure might be understood as a core source of social welfare. It is mainly due to the fact that the health care expenditure is closely related to the level of social welfare. And, therefore, the paper is basically designed to investigate the effect of social welfare improvement resulted from an increasing in per capita, private, public, and total health care expenditures during 1995-2009 periods. Empirical evidence reveals that the improvement of social welfare in middle income group reveals the highest improvement in social welfare, and the other income groups maintain a quite similar pattern in improvement of social welfare. As far as category of health care expenditure concerns, the effect of social welfare improvement by per capita health care expenditure is in general lower in all case. And, private sector achieves the highest improvement of social welfare in comparing with public and total health care expenditures. To this end, it could be tentatively concluded that the private health care expenditure has to be substituted for the public sector to induce market-oriented operational system. Accordingly, it would be better to build an institutional basis more elaborately in setting up the market system.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1203-1213
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• 2013

Governmental accounting system has changed from budgetary accounting on the basis of cash and bookkeeping by single entry to financial accounting on the basis of accrual and bookkeeping by double entry. In the context of this transition, infrastructure becomes considered an asset in accounting, and resulting accounting methods also take different approaches from conventional budgetary accounting. Financial accounting system defines expenditures into two categories, i.e. capital expenditure(CAPEX) and operational expenditure(OPEX), and stipulates that the expenditure shall be divided into those two categories before accounting. The construction and expansion of infrastructure must be considered a CAPEX because it means a sort of asset acquisition, but with regard to applications in practical accounting, it is actually challenging to judge whether any expenditure associated with maintenance works (including repair and service) during use of infrastructure acquired shall be considered CAPEX or OPEX. This paper suggested an asset management based accounting method for sewer maintenance expenditure. And it applied the method to actual accounting cases and analyzed them in comparison with conventional financial information. As a case study result, Sewer asset value of S city increased approximately 700 hundred won because sewer maintenance expenditure are classified between OPEX and CAPEX according to the proposed accounting method. It is expected that the proposed accounting method will contribute significantly to providing any proper sewer asset value information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.207-209
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• 2011

본 연구는 최근 우리 사회에서 높은 관심을 가지고 활발하게 전개되고 있는 기업의 기부금 지출이 경영성과에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하고자 하였다. 기업의 기부금 지출과 경영성과 두 변수의 횡단면 자료를 사용하여 동시적 효과가 있는지 분석하고, 패널자료를 사용하여 순차적 효과가 있는지 분석하였다. 본 연구의 분석결과 기업의 기부금 지출은 ROA와 ROS가 정의 영향을 미치고, PER과 ROE는 전혀 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.39
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• pp.41-73
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• 1999

There are few studies on the estimation of social expenditures, since few efforts so far have been made to introduce and study social expenditures based on OECD standards. Previous studies focused on the total amount based on ILO and IMF criteria, which is limited in the estimation of social expenditures by function and in detail. Accordingly, government and research institutes have faced difficulties from the lack of relevant statistics in establishing policies and performing research. This study, therefore, aims to develop an estimation model for social expenditures, and define the scope of the social security scheme and finances. In the process of developing this model, the accuracy of the scale of social expenditures estimated according to OECD criterion was also considered. Specifically, efforts were made to secure transparency of estimation through omission or duplication of expenditures. The estimation of Korea's social expenditures is applied to this model. The estimates for the year 1997 revealed 30,918.2 billion Won or 6.82% of GDP, which is a 20.8% increase per annum.