• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.367-388
• /
• 2013

This study examined how drivers of different cultural orientations(individualism vs. collectivism) attribute the cause(dispositional vs. situational) of four simulated driving situations which were varied in types(cutting-in and sudden-stop by the other driver) and differential emphasis on other the other driver's driving attitude or situational factor. The results showed the followings. First, the drivers generally showed higher attribution scores on the dispositional factor than the situational factor, except for the 'sudden-stop: situation emphasis' scenario condition. Second, when drivers' cultural orientation and attribution styles were considered together, it was found that, except for the 'cutting-in: disposition emphasis' scenario condition. the drivers of collectivism tended to attribute more to situational factor than the drivers of individualism, In contrast, the drivers of individualism showed higher attribution scores on dispositional factor than situational factor in all driving scenario conditions. Implication and suggestion were discussed.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.1 no.1 s.1
• /
• pp.51-68
• /
• 2001

Science cultures in the dimension of social interaction must be correlated with science cultures or science literacy in the dimension of psychological interaction. In order to develop a mature science culture, it must be assumed 1) that a science culture in a society ran be evaluated and 2) that we have to set up the criteria for evaluating it. This paper, based on the assumptions, makes an attempt to analyze the concept of science literacy underlying the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) conducted by OECD. The analyses are driven by the questions such as 'which philosophical backgrounds are absorbed into the concept of PISA' science literacy?' and 'What suggestions can be found with respect to the goal of enhancing the science culture?' In conclusion, the science literacy in PISA reflects the elements proposed by logical empiricism, naturalized philosophy of science, and social constructivism, which are being incorporated by the 'collaboration research program' conducted by the newly-emerging interdisciplinary field of 'science of science.' Finally, some further suggestions are added to the analyses to pursue more positive directions to induce mature science cultures in our society.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.969-980
• /
• 2001

이 연구의 목적은 사회.문화적 관점에서 한.미 여성의 이상적인 미, 바디이미지, 그리고 외모행동을 비교조사 하는데 있다. Open-Ended Questions에 의한 연구 결과, 이상적인 미로 미국여성이 \"키크고 마른 신체 매력성\"을 추구한 반면, 한국여성은 \"내적인 미\"와 \"서구적인 신체 매력성\"을 추구하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상적인 미를 추구하기 위해 미국여성은 주로 신체의 하체부분, 한국여성은 얼굴부분을 많이 가꾸고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 외모행동으로는 한국여성은 화장이나 피부관리 등에, 미국여성은 excercise나 다이어트 등을 많이 하고 있었다. 사회.문화적 이상적인 미에 비교해 볼 때 두 집단 모두 자신의 외모에 대해 만족하지 못하는 편으로 나타났다. 또한 두 나라 집단의 여성들은 각 나라마다 사회.문화적 이상적인 미가 각각 존재해야 함에도 불구하고 현재에는 이상적 미의 기준이 문화에 관계없이 동일한 편이라고 응답을 하였다. 본 연구에서는 사회.문화적 집단주의와 개인주의 개념을 토대로 이러한 연구결과들이 논의되어 진다.주의 개념을 토대로 이러한 연구결과들이 논의되어 진다.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.447-467
• /
• 2009

Lakoff's (2002) 'nation-as-family' metaphor suggests that conservatism and liberalism in the United States are based respectively on two different sets of morality, i.e., "strict father" morality and "nurturant parents" morality. He argues that values associated with respective metaphors and political principles derived from them tend to determine certain political attitudes and policy endorsement. Using the priming technique, this study attempted to examine whether "strict father" and "nurturant parents" morality are indeed what underlie very different positions conservatives and liberals take towards people in need. The results supported the Lakoff's idea and demonstrated that, compared to priming "nurturant parents" morality, priming "strict father" morality actually led people to derogate character of those in need and to attribute more responsibility onto them for their economic predicament. This research leads us to reconsider what constitutes politically conservative and liberal attitudes and emphasizes the malleability of political attitudes.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.217-236
• /
• 2021

The present study examined the mediating role of the subjective norm about social distancing in the relationship between individuals' collectivistic orientation and their social distancing behavior during the early COVID-19 crisis in Korea. A total of 445 South Korean adults residing in Korea participated in a survey during which level 2 to 2.5 prevention policies were being enforced. Results indicated, as expected, that collectivism positively predicted the perceptions of subjective norm that supports social distancing, which in turn predicted positively individuals' participation in social distancing as prescribed by the central government. This result emerged regardless of the individuals' perception of personal vulnerability to COVID-19. We discuss implications of these findings and directions for future research regarding the link between individualism-collectivism and the behavioral immune system, along with the role of social distancing in effectively curbing the spread of corona virus during the pandemic.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.2 no.2 s.4
• /
• pp.55-89
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this article is to examine and assess the main issues in social constructivism with reference to the history of technology. Social constructivism, as an alternative explanation to technological change, has developed its points actively responding to various criticisms. Historians of technology have joined in dialogues with social constructivists through controversies about narrative vs theory, reliability vs performance, and evolution of bicycle. Social constructivists tend to use new jargons excessively, don't deal historical materials rigorously, and don't consider content-dependency sufficiently. To apply social constructivism to Korean cases many problems should be identified including the deficiency of historical materials, the importance of technological learning, and the peculiarity of relevant social group.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
• /
• v.52
• /
• pp.31-52
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this thesis was to re-examine the utopian socialism of George Sand. In brief, her socialism is Christian socialism. She was heavily influenced by Leroux and Ramennais who insisted on Christian socialism at the time. This was socialism that differed from other utopian socialists of the time such as Saint Simon and Fourier. In addition, the socialism of Sand was similar to communism that was popular at the time. We can see in many writings portraying Sand as a Communist. Her novels were also written to spread her communicative ideas. However, the Communism of Sand is different from that of Marx. In this thesis, her novels, her letters, and her political pamphlets will be analyzed in comparison with Marxism in three ways. 1. If Marx's communism justified violence, her ideology is based on nonviolence. 2. Sand's Communism asserts equality for workers and capitalists. She says that if it is not the equality for all, we are not qualified to argue. 3. Finally, her Communism is based entirely on Christian values, love and solidarity.

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
• /
• 2003.09a
• /
• pp.128-129
• /
• 2003

최근 시장개방과 더불어 각종 문화매체의 통한 문화교류와 급속도로 증가하고 있는 인터넷 이용은 현대사회의 대중문화의 글로벌화를 만들어 현대인의 가치관에 큰 변화를 주고 있다. 특히 20세기 이전까지 전통적인 사회를 고수하고 있던 비서구권의 문화가 보다 서구적이며 비전통적으로 변화되어 가고 있다(Featherstone, 1990). 1988년의 이미 Triandis 등의 연구자들은 일본문화에 대한 연구에서 일본인들의 가치관이 전통적인 집단주의 측면보다 서구적인 개인주의 측면이 보다 강하게 나타나기 시작한다고 보고하였다. (중략)

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.399-414
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to test the structural model for the effect on abnormal eating behavior targeting 493 nurses. Results, The direct effects of variables affecting abnormal eating behavior were in the order of eating abstinence and socially imposed perfectionism, and these variables explained 85% of abnormal eating behavior. Explicit narcissism had a significant effect on abnormal eating behavior through socially imposed perfectionism and eating restraint, and sociocultural attitude toward appearance through eating restraint. In the multi-group moderating effect, the path coefficients between job stress and abnormal eating behavior, socially imposed perfectionism and abnormal eating behavior were different between groups. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to lower the socially-imposed perfectionism and nursing intervention that can escape excessive eating abstinence.

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.81-83
• /
• 2004

본 연구의 목적은 19세기 이후 이성 중심의 인간주의적 운동의 전개로 갖게 되었던 신체에 대한 고정 관념이 20세기 중반 이후 사이버 사회가 도래하면서 어떠한 변화를 겪었으며, 이러한 변화가 남성 패션에 어떠한 형식으로 표출되었는가를 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 위해 다음과 같은 연구 문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, ‘사이버’라는 용어의 개념은 무엇인가? 둘째, 사이버 사회 도래 이후 남성의 신체에 대한 관념이 어떠한 변화를 겪게 되었는가? 셋째, 이러한 변화의 사회 심리적 배경은 무엇인가? (중략)