• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.31-54
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• 2011

This study investigates the nature of the welfare state under the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Hyun regime focusing on participatory democracy in the policy decision making procedure for the National Health Insurance. Participatory democracy was introduced not for the qualitative development of Korean democracy but for securing political legitimacy to change the Korean economic structure after the IMF financial crisis. Although participatory democracy played the positive role in winning higher benefit level in National Health Insurance. an index for the development of the welfare state, in 2007 A policy of higher benefit level ended in failure because of the pursuit of the neoliberal ideology, lack of government's responsibility for public finance, and thwarting policy holders' substantial participation in the decision-making process. Like those of past welfare systems, participatory democracy under the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Hyun regime was introduced for securing political legitimacy. But it was managed under restrictions imposed by pro-economic-growth ideology. Nevertheless, the Kim Dae Jung and Roh Moo Hyun governments are different from the former welfare states because of the fact that participatory democracy system is not 'service' system but 'political structure' and the fact that the grant of powers by participatory democracy played positive roles in the development of welfare state through request of higher benefit level policy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.837-852
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• 2000

Backgrounds : Today, tuberculosis cannot only be cured medically, but also controlled by public health. Despite the overall worldwide decline in tuberculosis, the disease continues to be a significant problem among developing countries and in the slums of large cities in some industrialized countries. Particularly, this communicable disease has come into the public health spotlight because of its resurgence in the 1990's. our country has been operating the Korean National Tuberculosis Control Program since 1962, focusing around public health centers. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effectiveness of tuberculosis control activities, one of the major public health activities in Korea, by producing indexes, such as the yearly registration rate per 100,000 population and treatment compliance of tuberculosis on in small areas (communities). Methods : This work was accomplished by constructing a time-series analytic model using data from "1980~2000: the Yearly Statistical Report" with patient registry data of 234 City. County. District public health centers and by identifying the factors influencing the tuberculosis indexes. Results : The trends of pulmonary tuberculosis positive point prevalence and pulmonary tuberculosis negative point prevalence on X-ray screening have declined steadily, beginning in 1981 and continuing to 1998 by region (city, county, district). Although the tuberculosis mortality rate steadily shows a declining trend by year and region, but Korea still ranks first among 29 OECD countries in 1998, with a tuberculosis mortality rate of 7.1 per 100,000 persons, according to the time-series analysis for fatal diseases. Conclusion : The results of the study will form the fundamental basis of future regional health care planning and the Korean Tuberculosis Surveillance System on 2000. Since the implementation of local autonomy through the Local Health Act of 1995, it has now become vita1 for each city, county, district public health centers to determine its own priorities for relevant health care management, including budget allocation and program goals.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.163-192
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• 2002

Residential overcrowding, also called density, measured as more than one person per room, is a important variable as a principal indicator of inadequate housing. We investigated how immigrants in the US are assimilated to the host society through a lens of housing density. We estimated the probability of living in overcrowded housing of Korean, Chinese and Japanese immigrants armored with the 1980 and 1990 Public Use Microdata Sample(PUMS, A, 5%) in the US. Along with economic effects, we also consider life-cycle effects on the indicator. We applied "double cohort" method that enables duration of immigration effects to be separated from aging effects, which captures family size fluctuations due to life-cycle effects. The study found that cohort trends sharply changed during 10years. The 1970's immigrants are more likely to live in overcrowded housing than the pre-1970 immigrants. The pre-1970 immigrants are more likely to live in overcrowded housing than native-born persons. This may be explained by different assimilation processes driven by the disparities of individual human capitals or cultural differences among the ethnic groups. Especially, Korean experienced a sharp decline in overcrowding between 1980 and 1990. We also found that the major determinants that affect the level of housing density are years since migration, income, and gender. The present study concluded with some future studies related to the Korean immigrants abroad.ts abroad.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.43-56
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• 2007

Since the 1970s, along with an increasing number of motor vehicles in Korea, road crashes and casualties started to increase and eventually resulted in a serious public health problem starting from the beginning of the 1990s. Government authorities, however, have been not so proactive with reducing road crashes and injuries as well as deaths and have been reluctant to design effective safety strategies that could be established in collaboration with relevant multidisciplinary professionals. This paper aims at showing the status of road safety versus socioeconomic development in Korea and highlighting safety strategies that particularly need the participation of medical professionals. Six indicators to measure socioeconomic development and two indices for road safety were examined and international comparisons were made, finding road safety in Korea has been not corresponding to its level of development. The imbalance between socioeconomic development and road safety will certainly require the government authorities to look for effective safety strategies necessitating cooperation and collaboration with relevant experts including medical professionals. To make a provision for such needs in the near future, studies and experiences previously reported in the literature of traffic medicine and the world congresses of the International Traffic Medicine Association since 1984 were reviewed and categorized to focus on the strategies as well as measures that would be most effective in a mid-income country such as Korea.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2015

Abstract Monitoring is the most critical element in implementing "forest carbon offset project" to enhance the visibility of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) in North Korea. This study is intended to explore monitoring potential in terms of forest carbon offset project using satellite image for Baekdu mountain of North Korea. The permanent record of standard satellite remote sensing system demonstrated its capability of presenting area-wide visual evidences of monitoring conditions in Mt. Baekdu mountain of North Korea (site suitability, carbon stock by forest biomass growth, carbon emission by forest biomass loss, deforestation and degradation, environmental, social and economic impact specified in the Carbon Sequestration Law). It doesn't seem very difficult to comply with monitoring requirements for "the forest carbon offset project" due to the probative value of satellite data. Therefore, it could be considerable or realistic approach to utilize CSR based forest carbon offset project as a point of reform and open-door in North Korea. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference for Korea-based enterprises to ensure monitoring potentials using satellite image in exploring forest carbon offset project sites in North Korea.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.78-87
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• 2013

The modern society has been drastically changed from the industrial economic society to the knowledge based society, to catch up with the knowledge and the change of technology required for the modern people, the people can not live in the modern society without the continued study or education. In case of architectural design firm, it is concentrating on the productivity of enterprise by cultivating the working level through the self education focused on the improvement of inner capacity. In connection with this, the efficiency of enterprises are analyzed by carrying out the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) utilizing the financial ratio index in the various field of industries recently, the analysis study for the efficiency utilizing DEA is increased in the construction industries as well. However, in case of construction industries, the study focused on the efficiency of administration only has been progressed, it is the real situation that the approach for the analysis of education efficiency of each enterprise is very insufficient. Therefore, this study analyzed the education efficiency of architectural design firm after the selection of input and output variables by utilizing the DEA model and utilizing the AHP analysis technique by deducting the variables through the preceding study in relation to the education efficiency and the interview with the specialists.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.69-86
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• 2009

The biggest paradigm of the latest telecommunications is ubiquitous computing. It is a technology basis to realize ubiquitous society that would affect social, economical and cultural industries with positive influence. However, there is a simultaneous concern that the approach to ubiquitous society may violate one's privacy. Therefore, the existence of legal and technological regulation would be the biggest obstacle in further RFID technology and industry dissemination. Also, in business side, they must invest with enormous expense and technology if technological method is only approached for the solution. As in the research, 8 RFID applications, application process and inspection items and 85 appraisal list of "An impact assessment for the privacy protection in RFID applications" developed by P. K. Han(2006), will be used as an indicator to measure RFID privacy impact assessment. In addition, it is to develop RFID privacy impact assessment index by applying objective data with survey of applied specialists. This would provide a data with feasibility and reliability to RFID related companies and able to utilize policy making on RFID private data. In addition, it is expected to contribute as an efficiency tool for individual data to build basis of ubiquitous society.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1078-1079
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• 2003

우리나라 급식서비스프로그램에서는 도시저소득층 재가노인을 대상으로 사회복지관등을 통하여 몇 개의 지정된 장소에서 1일 1끼니(점심정도)의 집단급식서비스(congregate site service)를 제공하고 있다. 도시저소득층노인들의 경우 영양소 섭취상태가 매우 저조한 것으로 나타나 이러한 급식서비스는 노인들의 영양상태에 많은 영향을 끼칠 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 서울 수서지역에 거주하는 노인 273명(남: 61명, 여: 212명)중 적어도 최근 1년 동안 일주일에 5회 이상의 식사에 참여한 군을 급식춘(N=137)으로 하고 나머지를 비급식군(N=136)으로 하여 영양상태를 비교하였다. 급식군은 비급식군에 비해 독거노인의 비율이 유의하게 높았으며 교육수준이 낮고 식품비 사용액수가 적었다. 24시간 회상법으로 조사한 결과 급식군은 비급식군에 비해 동물성단백질(p < 0.001), 동물성지방(p < 0.01), 동물성칼슘(p <0.01), 동물성 철분(P <0.001), 아연(p <0.01), 비타민B$_2$ (p < 0.001), 비타민B$_{6}$ (p < 0.01), 콜레스테롤(p <0.001)섭취량이 유의하게 많은 것으로 나타났으며 MAR도 유의하게 높았으나(P <0.01) 급식, 비급식군의 MAR이 각각 0.59, 0.53으로 모두 식사의 질이 낮았다. 급식군은 점심 급식을 통하여 하루 총섭취량 중 에너지는 39.7%, 당질33.7%, 단백질 43.8%, 지방 52.0%, 칼슘 35.2%, 철분은 36.9%, 비타민E 55.7%를 섭취하고 있어 하루 총섭취량의 33-56%를 급식에 의존하고 있었다. 반면에 비급식군은 하루 총섭취량 중 18-31%의 영양소를 점심으로 섭취하고 있어 대조를 보였다. 급식군은 비급식군에 비해 키가 유의하게 작은 것(p<0.001)외에는 다른 신체 계측치에서는 유의차가 없었다. 급식군은 혈중 철분지표 중에서 유의하게 낮은 MCH(P < 0.05)와 유의하게 높은 TIBC를 보였으나(p <0.05) hemoglobin 수치에 의한 빈혈비율(여 < 12.0d/㎗, 남 < 13.5g/㎗)은 급식, 비급식군 각각 20.2%, 23.8%로서 유의한 차이가 없었으며 12문항을 사용하여 조사한 우울점수에서도 군 간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이상으로 보아 급식군은 비급식군에 비해 사회 경제적 수준이 낮으나 점심급식을 통하여 하루 필요영양소의 1/3-1/2를 섭취함으로써 비급식군에 비해 영양소섭취량이 높거나 비슷한 섭취량을 유지하고 있었으며 신체계측치와 빈혈비율 등에서 급식군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 급식과 비급식군 모두에서 MAR이 낮아 아직도 대부분의 섭취영양소가 권장량의 75%미만으로 나타나 저소득층노인에게서 급식의 확대와 함께 급식의 질을 좀 더 높일 수 있도록 정부와 자치단체에서 의 각별한 관심과 지원이 절실히 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.271-290
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• 2018

The study aims to analyze the effects of socio-economic deprivation on suicidal ideation. The analysis data were used as a guide for Korea Welfare Panel Study 9. the frequency analysis, mean difference analysis, correlation analysis, and logistic regression were performed by SPSS programs. The results of analysis are as follows. First, The results of frequency analysis by deprivation type showed a high frequency of deprivation in the following order. Experience of not receiving a public pension, experience of being able to work but unemployed, experience of not being able to eat a balanced diet due to financial difficulties, and experience where you had nothing to eat but no more money to buy. Second, the average difference analysis shows that when a person does not have a spouse, the lower the academic background and the income level, the higher the likelihood of suicide. Third, regression analysis shows that the following deprivation patterns have a statistically significant effect on older adults' thoughts of suicide. Experience in which the respondents or their family could not go to hospital because they had no money, experience that move house because is back rent more than 2 months or can not pay rent, experience that they could not afford to buy food and eat well-balanced meals, experience of failing to pay your bills on time, experience of being able to work but not having a job, and experience in which financial difficulties left them short of food and no money to live. Based on such research results, some policy measures, such as the expanding management of medical care benefits cases, the improvement of elderly housing, residential conditions and the diet survey for the elderly, and the expansion of measures to support elderly people's tax rates, were proposed.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.185-226
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• 2022

This study examines the crisis of trust of French journalism in the context of a global decline of media credibility. First of all, in the process of a huge social movement called the 'yellow vest' movement that started in 2018, distrust of the French journalism was expressed in an extreme form. This study examines some external factors in terms of the historical development of the French journalism and the public's long-standing 'criticism of journalism'. Specifically, this study first examines the quantitative indicators of trust of French journalism which were shown in Digital News Report published by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism. Next, it examines the historical and institutional formation process of French journalism and public distrust that emerged along with it. And specifically, the structural crisis-economic crisis, digital transformation and intensification of competition, and deterioration of quality problems etc.-of the French journalism exposed in media coverage on social movement in 2018 is review in relation with the working process or 'routine' of actual news production. In conclusion, this study asserts that the various aspects of internal rifts in French journalism system, as well as external shocks (the influence of social movements), are a key factor in explaining the recent decline of trust in French journalism.