• Water for future
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 1981

The purpose of this study is to examine the meander charactericstics for the rivers in Korea..In this study, the new characteristics factors of meander are proposed, and the relationships among the factors proposed in this study and the existing factors are derived. An attempt is made to find considerable relation among meander characteristics, but width and meander belt did not show any defined trend and considerable scatter of points was observed. Relationships among the meander length, belt and flowrate, etc., which are factors of meander characteristics, are analyzed the 67 rivers above 30km in length. Channel shape factor which is the ratio of the length from the starting point to the end to the channel lenght, tortuosity which is the ratio of the curved channel length against the channel length are suggested for a new characteristics factor of meander. They are well correlated with channel length, Horton's shape facotr and meander gradient, consequently have to be important measures of river meander. The result of the detailed comparison and the analysis of degree of sinuosity, velocity and water surface slop are brought light on the fact show that the curved reach is morestable than the straight one. The ratio of the meander length to the meander belt and its accumulative frequency showed excellent correlationship when plotted on the semi-log paper. The results of regression analysis of meander belt and meander length show linear for the South Han river branches and power curve for the Geum river and the Nakdong river branches.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.288-297
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• 2009

A serpentine channel geometry often used in a fuel cell has a strong pressure gradient between adjacent channels in specific regions. The pressure gradient helps some amount of reactant gas penetrate through a gas diffusion layer(GDL). As a result, the overall serpentine flow structure is slightly different from the intention of a designer. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of serpentine flow structure on current density distribution. By using a commercial code, STAR-CD, a numerical simulation is performed to analyze the fuel cell with high aspect ratio of active area. To increase the accuracy of the numerical simulation, GDL permeabilities are measured with various compressive forces. Three-dimensional flow field and current density distribution are calculated. For the verification of the numerical simulation results, water condensation process in the cathode channel is observed through a transparent bipolar plate. The result of this study shows that the region of relatively low current density corresponds that of dropwise condensation in cathode channels.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1191-1197
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to examine morphometric characteristics in a channel bend reach. The new shape factor is suggested that channel deformation rate of cross section (${\Delta}A_s$) showed the variation of concentrated location of force due to the current and the variation of erosional section in alluvial channel. In the downstream direction the meaning of decreasing "${\Delta}A_s$" is the stability of channel bed. This study was analyzed morphological characteristics of cross section-width of channel ($W_s$), width to the thalweg ($W_{th}$), maximum depth ($D_{th}$)-on the Guem River, and typical cross sections in channel bend were proposed. The channel migration rate (M) for the study river was represented that the zones of curvature ratio (R/W) with 2~4 were larger 12% than other zones.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.187-196
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• 1988

Meander characteristics of the Han River System using autocorrelation coefficient and variance spectrum were analysed, and meander paths were simulated by direction and direction-change series in this paper. Better wavelength estimates are obtained from direction-change spectra, dominant wavelength had the increasing tendency in order tributaries of the North Han River System, the South Han River System and the Han River Downstream System. The meander characteristics of tributaries in the North Han River, the South Han River and the Han River Downstream System could be obtained from the results of direction and direction change spectra. Direction and direction-change autocorrelograms are generally of damped oscillatory form, and wavelengths estimated from direction-change autocorrelograms correlate closely with wavelength estimated from direction-change specta.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.74-82
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• 2012

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance is changed by the complicated physical phenomenon. In this study, water discharge performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell were performed numerically to compare serpentine channel flow fields of 5-pass 4-turn serpentine and 25 $cm^2$ reaction surface between with and without sub-channel at the rib. Through the supplement of sub channel flow field, it is shown from the results that water removal characteristic inside channel improves because the flow direction of under-rib convection is changed into the sub channel. Reacting gases supplied from entrance disperse into sub channel flow field and electrochemical reaction occurs uniformly over the reaction surface. The results obtained that total current density distributions become uniform because residence time of reacting gases traveling to sub-channel flow field is longer than to main channel.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1345-1349
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• 2004

하천수를 취수원으로 하는 우리나라의 많은 취수장의 경우, 유사유입 및 유로 변경에 따른 취수장애를 겪고 있으나 유로의 변화특성을 분석하고 취수장 위치선정에 활용한 수 있는 실무적 기법에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유로가 좌${\cdot}$우안으로 수시로 바뀌어 갈수기는 물론 평수기에도 취수장애를 겪고 있어 대책 강구가 요구되는 국내 취수장을 선정하고 취수지점의 계속적인 하상 및 유로변동 현상을 규명하여 안정적인 취수를 가능케 하는 근본적인 대책을 수립하기 위한 유로변화 특성 분석기법을 제시하였다. 연구내용으로는 과거 30여년에 걸친 하도의 평면학적 변화양상을 인공위성영상자료, 지형도자료 및 하도단면 실측자료를 활용하여 각 지점별 유로변화에 대한 동계분석을 실시하였다. 또한 하도의 전단응력, 마찰 속도 등을 산정하여 하상형태를 분석하여 대상구간의 흐름특성을 분석하였다. 분석결과 하도의 사행은 지속적으로 진행되고 있음을 알 수 있으며 특히 취수장부터 상류 수km구간 하도에서는 밤섬이 지속적으로 생긴다 사라지는 현상이 반복되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 취수장 주변에서는 유로의 변동이 하폭의 $70\%$에 달하는 심한 유로변화 특성을 나타내고 있어 취수지점으로 적당치 못함을 알수 있었으며 주변 상하류 십수 km구간 중에는 유로의 변화가 거의 없는 구간도 존재함을 알 수 있이 본 연구의 유로변화 분석기법이 향후 유로변화 분석 및 취수장 건설 위치 선정에 효과적인 분석기법으로 활용 가능함을 입증하였다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.96.1-96.1
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• 2005

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.81-89
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• 1991

An interesting property of meandering river patterns is that they slowly deform, as bank erosion on one side of a channel and deposition on the other side result in the location of the channel. In this study we used a sine-generated meander pattern proposed by Langbein and Leopold(1966) to develop a solution of a linear, second-order differential equation of transverse bed slope(bed topography) proposed by Odgaard(1986). A new model for transverse bed slope(bed topography), that accounts for the phase lag and the influence of the width to depth aspect ratio, was developed in this study and compared with results of field measurements.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.173-180
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• 1992

A feature typical of natural rivers is the bend. The purpose of this study is to examine hydraulic and morphometric characteristics in channel bend reach by the deterministic approach. Cross section shape factor, "As" is suggested for a new cahracteristic factor of channel bend reach analysis. The variation of this new factor along the river reach showed the location of the concentration of the force due to the current all over the reach, that is curved or not. Some general meander factors are used for correlation with new factor suggested, and the applicability of "As" is verified. The range R/W values are concentrated 2~4, the meanning of this value can be regarded to the warning for bank erosion or breaking. And this paper dealt with prediction of cross section bed shape variation.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.293-299
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• 2012

The serpentine flow channel is widely used in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) to prevent flooding phenomena because it effectively removes liquid water in the flow channel. The pressure drop between inlet and outlet increases as compared with straight channels due to minor losses associated with the corners of the turning configurations. This results in a strong pressure gradient between adjacent channels in specific regions, where some amount of reactant gas can be delivered to catalyst layers by convection through a gas diffusion layer (GDL). The enhancement of the convective flow in the GDL, so-called bypass flow, affects fuel cell performance since the bypass flow influences the reactant transport and thus its concentration over the active area. In the present paper, for the bipolar plate design, a simple analytic model has been proposed to predict the bypass flow in the serpentine type flow channels and validated with three-dimensional numerical simulation results.