• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.67-75
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• 2010

Deadlock usually appears in contain subsystem which is run in parallel and resources share modules. Siphons and traps have been well introduced to characterize deadlocks of Petri nets. Siphon concept be well used for proposing the detect and prevent deadlock by the pleasure researchers. But it's need many times and efforts to detect all siphon sub-nets in the Petri model. Since transitive matrix could explain all relations between the place and transitions in Petri nets, we propose an algorithm to detect all siphon sub-nets after analyzed the transitive matrix's properties. Examples are givens to illustrate the method.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.32 no.6 s.95
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• pp.435-441
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• 2002

Surgical microscrews were introduced and used as one method to provide absolute anchorage. Some clinicians implanted microscrews or miniscrews into the basal bone below the roots of the teeth to evade damage to the roots. Because the implanted microscrews were positioned too low the applied force was insufficient to retract the anterior teeth or protract the posterior teeth, and the use of microscrews or miniscrews seemed limited in applying vertical force. However Park implanted microscrews(micro-implants (1.2mm in diameter)) into the alveolar bone between the roots of the posterior teeth to change the direction of the applied force toward increasing horizontal component of the force. Moreover, these microscrew implants were positioned in the alveolar bone between the roots without causing discernable damage to the roots. This study was performed to provide guidelines and anatomic data to assist in the determination of the safe location for micro-implants. By measuring the CT images from 21 patients, anatomical data were obtained which were then used as a guide to determine the location for the implantation of micro-implants. The thickness of the cortical bones at the alveaolar bone region increased from the anterior to the posterior teeth area. The mandibular posterior teeth area showed thicker cortical bone. A greater distance was observed in distance between the second premolar root and first molar root in the upper arch, between the first molar root and the second molar root in the lower arch. The alveolar bone of the posterior teeth area is considered the best site for the implantation of micro-implants.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 1985

A bacterium which grows on cyclohexanol as sole carbon and energy source was isolated from sludge of industrial areas in Taegu and identified as Acinetobacter calcoaceticus C-15. The growth medium for the optimal culture condition was composed of 0.2% cyclohexanol, 0.11% $NH_4Cl$, 0.05% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.2% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.02% $MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, and 0.05% yeast extracts. The optimal pH value and temperature for the growth were 7.2 and $33^{\circ}C$, respectively. Specific growth rate of A. calcoaceticus C-15 at $33^{\circ}C$ on the cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone was $0.27hr^{-1}$ and $0.15hr^{-1}$, respectively. Growth yield for cyclohexanol was 1.0. The bacteria utilized ethanol, 1-butanol, 1-pentanol, and cyclohexanol as a carbon source but not methanol, 1-hexanol, m-cresol, glycerol, and cyclohexane. The bacteria grew on benzoate, adipate, acetate, and citrate, but did not on salicylate, phthalate, p-hydroxybenzoate, and gluconate. A calcoaceticus C-15 did not utilize all kind of sugars other than xylose. Cell-free extracts contained $NAD^+$-linked cyclohexanol dehydrogenase which catalized the oxidation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.162-170
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• 2011

We tested the hypothesis that an improved nutritional environment increases the size of stature sexual dimorphism (SSD) by comparing mean height changes in North and South Korean adults. For the first round of sampling, those North Korean refugees who had reached the age of 20 years before leaving North Korea were selected for the study. Then, two birth-year cohorts born between 1955 and 1959 and between 1980 and 1984 were finally selected for the analysis (383 males and 529 females). North Korean refugee mean height data were compared to the mean height of the comparable South Korean population derived from 2004 Korean size results (373 males and 429 females). The results of the analysis showed that there was no increase in mean height among the refugees, either in males or females, between the two birth-year cohorts. As a result, no change in SSD was observed between the two birth-year cohorts. In contrast, South Koreans showed a remarkable increase in height, with males having a greater increase during the corresponding 25 years. Consequently, South Korean SSD increased significantly with time. These results support the hypothesis that improved nutritional quality increases SSD.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.159-166
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• 2009

Purpose: We evaluated the efficacy and prognostic predictability of the $7^{th}$ UICC TNM classification compared to $6^{th}$ UICC TNM classification in patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Between June 1992 and December 2006, 1,633 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone gastric surgery and who had been analyzed by the $6^{th}$ UICC method were analyzed using the new $7^{th}$ UICC system. Results: Significant differences in 5-year survival rates were observed for $7^{th}$ UICC N0, N1, N2, N3a, and N3b compared to $6^{th}$ UICC. There were no significant differences in 5-year survival rates between T2 and T3. Distinct survival differences were present between stage III (IIIa, IIIb, and IIIc) and stage IV in $7^{th}$ UICC. Significant differences in 5-year survival rates were not expected for Ia versus Ib, Ib versus IIa, and IIb versus IIIa. The survival rates for the same stages were not homogeneously differentiated by $7^{th}$ UICC except for stage IV. Conclusion: The $7^{th}$ UICC classification system is not better able to predict patient survival compared to 6th UICC in patients with gastric cancer, but is better for accurate prognosis of patients with stage IV gastric cancer.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.62-62
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• 2000

도공지 제조 시 적절한 표면특성을 지닌 원지를 사용하는 것은 최종 도공지 품질향상은 물론 조업성 개선에도 필수적인 요소이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 도공원지의 표면 사이징이 실시되고 있다. 도공원지의 표면 사이정 시 양성전분을 이용할 경우 서로 반대로 하전된 전분 과 섬유 사이에 발현되는 정전기적 인력에 의해서 표면 사이정 전분의 원지로의 전분 침투가 억제되어 도공원지의 불투명도, 광택도 인쇄적성 둥의 물성 향상을 꾀할 수 있다. 또 이러한 원지를 이용하여 도공을 할 경우 음전하를 띤 도공액 구성성분과 양전하를 띤 원지 표면의 정 전기적 작용에 의해 도공액의 부동화가 촉진될 수 있으므로 도공액의 표면 잔류성이 향상되 며, 도공층 공극 구조 개선에 따른 광학적인 성질의 개선도 기대할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구에서는 양성전분으로 표면 사이정 된 원지를 사용한 도공지와 기존의 산화전분을 이용하여 표면 사이정한 원지를 이용하여 제조된 도공지의 특성을 비교하였다. 또 양성전분에 의한 표면 사이징 효과를 보다 극대화하고 도공안료와 원지 표면과의 반응성을 증가시키기 위 해 양이온성 폴리머를 표면 사이정 시 첨가하여 표면 사이칭을 하는 방법을 평가하였다. 아울 러 양성전분과 도공안료와의 반응에 따라 도공층의 부동화가 촉진될 수 있다는 근거를 구명하 기 위해 레올로지적인 접근을 시도하였으며, 도공층의 공극 특성 관찰, 광산란 및 광홉수 계수 측정 등을 통해 양성전분으로 표면 사이정된 도공층의 구조적 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과 산화전분에 비해 양성전분으로 표면 사이징한 원지의 경우 도공지의 불투명도가 높게 나타났다. 이는 양성전분으로 표면 사이정한 원지를 사용한 경우 도공층의 구조가 광 산란계수를 향상시킬 수 있도록 변화되었기 때문임을 확인하였다. 표면 사이징시 양이온성 폴리머를 첨가할 경우 불투명도 개선에 상당한 효과가 있었으며, 전분 대비 1% 이하의 첨 가량에서도 어느 정도의 개선이 가능하였다. 양성전분에 의한 도공액의 조기 부동화가 발현 된다는 것을 구명하기 위해서 도공액의 점탄성적 평가를 실시한 결과 산화전분에 비해 양성 전분 상에서 도공액의 storage modulus가 높고 critical strain point 역시 높은 값을 나타낸 다는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 양성전분과 도공액, 특히 클레이와의 정전기적 인력에 의한 반 응 결과로 생각된다. 양성전분을 이용한 도공원지의 표면 사이정 기술은 특히 평량이 낮은 도공지의 경우 수분 의 침투를 억제함으로써 도공공정에서의 지절을 감소시킬 뿐 아니라 불투명도 등 광학적 성질 을 개선시키고, 표면 커버리지를 향상시키는 효과를 나타낼 것으로 기대된다.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2016

The study analyzed big data extracted from Google and social media to identify factors related to searches on cyber bullying in Korea and America. Korea's cyber bullying analysis was conducted social big data collected from online news sites, blogs, $caf{\acute{e}}s$, social network services and message for between January 1, 2011 and March 31, 2013. Google search trends for the search words of stress, exercise, drinking, and cyber bullying were obtained for January 1, 2004 and December 22, 2013. The main results of this study were as follows: first, the significant factors stress were cyber bullying that Korea more than America. Secondly, a positive relationship was found between stress and drinking, exercise and cyber bullying both Korea and America. Thirdly, significant differences were found all path both Korea and America. The study shows that both adults and teenagers are influenced in Korea. We need to develop online application that if cyber bullying behavior was predicted can intervene in real time because these actual cyber bullying-related exposure to psychological and behavioral characteristic.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

Advances in IoT data analysis technology have made it easier to analyze situation and provide interactive services based on the context. Most of digital signage application have been used to provide information uni-directionally, but in the future it will evolve to provide personalized content according to the individual user situation and responses. However, it is not easy to modify or apply the existing interactive digital signage platforms due to their hardware dependency. The proposed platform is modularized by dividing main functions into two, the cloud and the edge, so that advertisement resources can be easily generated and registered. Thus, interactive advertisement can be rendered in a timely manner based on sensor analysis results. At the edge, personal data can be processed to minimize privacy issues, and real-time IoT sensor data can be analyzed for quick response to the signage player. The cloud is easier to access and manage by multiple users than edge. Therefore, the signage content generation module improves accessibility and flexibility by handling advertisement contents in the cloud so that multiple users can work together on the cloud platform. The proposed platform was developed and simulated in two aspects. First is the provider who provides the signage service, and second is the viewer who uses the content of the signage. Simulation results show that the proposed platform enables providers to quickly construct interactive signage contents and responses appropriately to the context changes in real-time.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2022

As social beings, we need to understand others' actions as quickly and accurately as possible. Action understanding can occur at many levels. We sometimes grasp others' intentions unintentionally. Other times, however, we have to expend effort to draw inferences about their goals. In the context of joint action, the joint Simon effect demonstrates that actors are influenced by the unintended representation of a co-actor's actions. This effect has been described as quasi-automatic, but it is unclear if the effect is automatic enough to be immune to cognitive load. Thus, we asked participants to complete a joint Simon task with or without a concurrent working memory task. One group of participants maintained a single digit in their mind during working memory load blocks (low-load group), while the other group maintained five digits (high-load group). As a result, the low-load group showed a joint Simon effect both during no-load and low-load blocks. In contrast, the high-load group had no joint Simon effect during either no-load or high-load blocks. These results suggest that the joint Simon effect is not an automatic phenomenon given that it requires cognitive resources. Actors in a joint task may represent a co-actor's actions in their task set, but only when cognitive resources are available.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2017

Since the development of information communication technologies, social networking sites (SNSs) have been diffused to the world with benefits such as building and maintaining relationships among people. SNSs have become more popular with the development of mobile devices. Despite this advantage, SNSs also present unexpected effects on people, such as cyberbullying and identity theft. Cyberbullying has emerged as one of the most serious issues among people who use SNSs. In fact, almost 20% of teenagers confessed that they have been cyberbullied on SNSs. In consideration of this serious social issue, this study investigates the influences of self-disclosure and self-control on the cyberbullying victimization experience from the perspective of Social Exchange Theory. Self-disclosure is a basic characteristic of SNSs. It is classified into self-disclosure for access to SNS and self-disclosure for relationship building and maintaining on SNSs. The cyberbullying victimization experience is classified into being cyber-excluded and being cyber-attacked. We examine how two types of self-disclosure and self-control affect two types of cyberbullying victimization experience based on the survey data of people who are in their 20s and are greatly familiar with SNSs.