• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2005

The proposed algorithm is to achieve the robust optical flow detection which is applicable for the case that the outlier rate is over 80%. If the outlier rate of optical flows is over 30%, the discrimination between the inliers and outlier with the conventional algorithm is very difficult. The proposed algorithm is to overcome such difficulty with three steps of grouping algorithm; 1) constructing the 2D histogram with two axies of the lengths and the directions of optical flows. 2) sorting the number of optical flows in each bin of the two-dimensional histogram in the descending order and removing some bins with lower number of optical flows than threshold. 3) increasing the resolution of the two-dimensional histogram if the number of optical flows in a specific bin is over 20% and decreasing the resolution if the number of optical flows is less than 10%. Such processing is repeated until the number of optical flows falls into the range of 10%-20% in all the bins. The proposed algorithm works well on the different kinds of images with many of wrong optical flows. Experimental results are included.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.532-536
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• 2016

Frame Rate Up Conversion (FRUC) generate interpolated frames between existing frames using motion estimation and motion compensation interpolation considering temporal redundancy. Falsely-estimated FRUC, however, can generate poor quality frames because FRUC typically uses blending-based interpolation method. As skipping an interpolating process between frames generate mis-estimated motion vectors, could improve Quality of Services of FRUC. In this Paper we analyze luminance histogram and motion vector consistency in frames generating poor quality interpolated frames. We conclude these features could help to be a clue in classifying the frames, which often result in the poor quality of FRUC results through the analysis and experiment.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.42 no.3 s.303
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• pp.51-64
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• 2005

The proposed algorithm is to achieve the robust optical flow detection which is applicable for the case that the outlier rate is over $80\%$. If the outlier rate of optical flows is over $30\%$, the discrimination between the inliers and outlier with the conventional algorithm is very difficult. The proposed algorithm is to overcome such difficulty withthree steps of grouping algorithm; 1) constructing the 2 D histogram with two axies of the lengths and the directions of optical flows. 2) sorting the number of optical flows in each bin of the two-dimensional histogram in the descendingorder and removing some bins with lower number of optical flows than threshold 3) increasing the resolution of the two-dimensional histogram if the number of optical flows in a specific bin is over $20\%$ and decreasing theresolution if the number of optical flows is less than $10\%$. Such processing is repeated until the the number of optical flows falls into the range of $10\%-20\%$ in all the bins. The proposed algorithm works well on the different kinds of images with many of wrong optical flows. Experimental results are included.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.12
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• pp.159-167
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• 2013

In stereo-view system, variations of target camera position or lighting conditions cause discrepancies on the luminance and chrominance components of stereo views. These discrepancies lead to inaccurate frame view prediction and low quality of 3 D video coding. In this paper, an efficient histogram interval calibration method is proposed for stereo-view coding, so as to compensate for the luminance component of target view. First the proposed method is analyzed by the histogram of the target image frame. Then, it divide two sections of histogram of that frame to correct the color discrepancies. Secondly, each section of the target frame is corrected the luminance component by identify the maximum matching region between the reference frame and the target frame. We have verified our proposed histogram matching method in comparison with the other color correction ones. Experimental results show that it can correct better luminance calibration results of PSNR(Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) and has less computation time.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2016

This study investigates the development of lower channels and sediment sorting processes in the vegetated channels with the mixed sediment. The sediment discharges fluctuate with time and decrease with vegetation density. The bed changes with irregular patterns, and the sediment particles in the vegetated zone at the surface of bed are fine. The dimensionless geometric mean decreases with vegetation density. The fine sediment particles are trapped by vegetation, and the bed between main steam and vegetated zone increases. Moreover, the particle sizes are distributed irregularly near the zone. The hiding functions decrease with dimensionless particle size. However, the functions increase with vegetation density, which is confirmed by decreasing sediment discharge with vegetation. The lower channel is stable and the migration decreases in the condition of $0.5tems/cm^2$. However, the migration of the lower channel in the condition of $0.7stems/cm^2$ increases due to the increased sinuosity and new generated channels in the sedimentated vegetation zone.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 2016

This study aims to suggest practical ways to interact effectively with consumers based on current situation of 'media creative' and media use patterns. Cases of digital signage are reviewed in the perspective of cross media, and the strategic meanings of cross media are explored according to interactivity. Results are collected through 'Naver' search engine service, and can be possibly assorted into five media combined types: SNS-combined, QR codes or Augmented Reality(AR)-combined, Brand App(application)-combined, Online to Offline-combined, and Behavioral factors-combined ones. Some strategic suggestions on media creative are given for effective interaction with consumers.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 1997

Visible injury appeared 7 days after ultraviolet-B(UV-B) irradiation, but did not show any significant decline of growth in cucumber plant. However the growth of the first leaves of fertilized plants was suppressed by UV-B irradiation. Especially the most effective growth retardiation appeared when supplied with nitrogen rather than phosphate and potassium. These results suggest that UV-B may play an important role in inhibiting nitrogen metabolism. Therefore we examined the effect of activity of nitrate reductase, and found that the nitrate reductase activity of the first leaves was increased by UV-B irradiation for 7 days and fertilization. We examined the effect of plant hormone on the inhibition of growth in the first leaves. Benzyladenine promoted the growth of discs excised from the first leaves by fertilization and without UV-B, but did not promote the growth of leaf discs from UV-B irradiated plants. We conclude that the UV-B-induced decrease in the growth of the first leaves could be related to reduction in sensitivity to plant hormones.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.72-78
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• 2013

To establish an efficient protocol for plant regeneration of Brassica juncea L. Czern, the effects of explant types, explant ages and cytokinins on shoot regeneration were examined in this study. Shoot regeneration was markedly affected by the explant types used in the following order: cotyledon with petiole> hypocotyl> leaf with petiole> cotyledon> leaf. Five-day-old seedlings of cotyledon with petiole explants showed the maximum shoot regeneration frequency. Of the six cytokinins-6-${\gamma}$-${\gamma}$-Dimethylallylamino-purine (2-ip), 6-${\gamma}$-${\gamma}$-Dimethylallylamino-purine riboside (2-ip riboside), 6-Benzyl amino-purine (BAP), Thidiazuron (TDZ), Zeatin, Zeatin riboside-TDZ ($8{\mu}M$) was found to be the best cytokinin for shoot regeneration with the highest shoot induction frequency (80%) from cotyledon with petiole after 4 weeks. All the regenerated plantlets were developed well and they produced morphologically normal flowers.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.237-244
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• 1998

Rapid prototyping is an efficient method to evaluate the usability of electric home appliances. However, the use of rapid prototyping method in usability tests has not been sufficiently validated. The purpose of this study was to validate computer-generated prototypes whether they can replace real products in usability tests. The control-display panel of a refrigerator was selected for this study. Sixteen female subjects participated in a between-subjects experiment: Eight subjects of them used the real refrigerator while others used the computer-generated prototype of the refrigerator. The difference between the refrigerator and the prototype was analyzed in terms of task failure rate, task completion time, and the number of buttons pressed for three typical tasks: clock setting, selecting an operation mode for refrigerating room, and selecting an rapid freezing mode. The results of a non-parametric statistical test showed that the prototype was not significantly different from the real refrigerator. Therefore, the rapid prototyping technique can be applied to the usability tests for the simple electric home appliances such as the refrigerator.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.368-375
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• 2015

Earthworm cast occurred in surface of turfgrass in golf courses which affect turfgrass maintenance and golf play. In this study several survey of seasonal fluctuation of earthworm cast in different golf courses (Anseong, Gapyeong, Gunpo and Yongin in Gyeonggi province, and Geumjeong in Busan) was done. A number of earthworm, soil temperature and moisture of detection site of earthworm cast in each golf course were also done. Cast occurred in different golf courses are found mostly from April to November on turf surface and the cast number varied in different month as well as in golf courses. In the same golf courses, a number of detected cast was difference from individual sites. A number of cast and earthworm was correlated. Also, in higher soil moisture showed the higher cast density in different golf courses. Soil temperature and moisture of detecting cast ranging from $2.1^{\circ}C$ to $33.1^{\circ}C$ and 4.9 to 44.1%, respectively. In case of cast, soil temperature level lies in between $10-15^{\circ}C$ where the highest soil moisture was 25%.