• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.383-391
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate the food habits, eating behaviors, perception of body shape, statuses of body weight control by BMI (Body Mass Index) of 732 middle school students in Gwangju and Jeonnam. The results of this study were compared among under weight (UW), normal weight (NW), and overweight (OW) groups according to BMI levels. In the OW group, female students had low scores in eating at night only, while male students had low scores in eating at night, eating speed, and food selection. All subjects wanted more height than measured. Only male students in the UW group wanted weight loss, whereas female students in the OW and NW groups did. Higher BMI in female students resulted in more weight difference between measured and wanted. All subjects responded properly themselves in perception of body shape but the OW groups showed a big difference between their present weight and wanted weights. Higher BMI in all students corresponded to more interest in concern and experience of weight management. In the male students, the reason for weight management showed high tendency in being healthy, whereas the female students had high tendency in having a slender figure. Higher BMI in all students corresponded to bigger difference between wanted and perceived body shape. In contrast, lower BMI in all students meant more stress. Greater difference between wanted and measured weight and greater difference between wanted and perceived body shape corresponded to less satisfaction in body shape. In conclusion, compared to the NW and UW groups, the OW group had overeating habits highly linked to stress. Also the OW group didn't have desirable eating behaviors and attitudes because of their greater interest in concern and experience of weight control and stress accumulation, and finally there was difference in food habits and behaviors according to the BMI level. Therefore these results suggest that effective nutritional programs should be developed including correct body image and good dietary habits.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.499-503
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• 2015

We investigated the anti-obesity effects of ethanolic extract (ID1216) of Polygonatum sibiricum rhizome and its potential underlying mechanism in an animal model. ID1216 treatment decreased body weight gain and white adipose tissue weight in the prevention study. The mRNA levels of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$ coactivator-$1{\alpha}$ ($PGC1{\alpha}$), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\alpha}$ ($PPAR{\alpha}$) significantly increased in the epididymal white adipose tissue of ID1216-administered mice. The stimulation effects of ID1216 on these gene expressions were also observed in a cell-based assay using differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, similar to orlistat, ID1216 treatment improved weight gain and reduced epididymal fat in the treatment model. These results suggest that ID1216 has potential as an anti-obesity agent by modulating the expression of genes related to thermogenesis, lipid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1337-1348
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine major factors underweight and obesity by comparing and analyzing dietary habits, exercise and weight control of obesity and underweight of Adolescents. The subjects were 26,039 students and they were divided according Body Mass Index(BMI). The collected data was analyzed through frequency, percentage, chi-square test. The results were as follows. 1) Among the male students 67.3%, 32.7% and among the female ones 82.7% and 17.3% were included in the underweight and the obese groups, respectively. 2) For dietary habits, the rate of skipping breakfast(12.5%, 13.6%) was considerably higher than those of skipping lunch and dinner. 3) The females and the obese group received more stress, felt more unhappiness, grief, depression and thought more suicide than the males and the underweight group, respectively. 4) The underweight group had higher rate of strengthening exercise of males and females. 5) For self-recognized body shape, while in the underweight group had a wrong image of their body shape, while more males in the obese group had a distorted self body image. 6) Measures to control weight were regular exercise, reduced amount of diet, and the obese group controled their weight more actively than the underweight group of the male and the female students. 7) From these results, appropriate mental health programs and education programs about health knowledge, properly self-recognized body shape and measures to control weight were considered to be necessary.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.457-466
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• 2003

Purpose: To provide the epidemiological information for developing preventive programs encourage appropriate eating and weight control behaviors. Method: 349 college students in Seoul were administered self-report question- naires to examine eating habits, trend of disordered eating, weight reduction practice and body size evaluation from September to October 2002. Data were analyzed by SAS program for frequency, t-test, ANOVA with Scheff test. Result: The mean eating score was moderate and it differed by subjects' characteristics. The mean score of EAT-26 was relatively lowered, and 3.4% of the subjects score showed disordered eating behavior. It differed significantly by subjects' general characteristics. 30.4% of total sample were currently trying to lose weight and had interested in trying to lose weight. EAT-26 was significantly different by weight reduction practices and interest. Perceived body size differed by the score of eating habit and EAT-26. Conclusion: It can be suggested weight preoccupation have a relation to eating habits, weight control practice and disordered eating. Further study is recommended educational interventions targeting at-risk subjects.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.307-312
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• 2009

To investigate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and/or exercise on body fat mass and weight, college women of normal weight (2130%) were recruited for this study. The participants were divided into 4 groups: placebo-no exercise, placebo-exercise, CLA-no exercise, and CLA-exercise groups. Three grams of either a placebo (corn oil) or CLA were taken every day for 12 weeks, and the exercise groups performed 80 minutes of aerobic and anaerobic exercise three times a week for 12 weeks. There were no differences in nutrient intakes among the groups. The CLA-exercise group had significantly lower body weight, BMI and body fat mass compared to the placebo-no exercise group. In addition, the HDL-cholesterol levels of subjects in the CLA-no exercise and CLA-exercise groups significantly increased compared to those in the placebo-no exercise group. These results suggest that a combination of CLA supplementation with exercise could efficiently reduce body fat mass and body weight compared to CLA supplementation or exercise alone.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.318-332
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavioral modification of obese adults who underwent nutritional and physical activity education. Twenty obese females, aged 20-60 years old, with BMIs (Body Mass Index) >30 or body fat (%) >40 were subjected to this study. Methods: The physical activity education program consisted of doing exercise in a gymnasium together or home exercise. Dietary attitudes and dietary intakes were assessed using weight control, physical activity, and eating habits. The nutrition-exercise educational period was 12 weeks. Results: After the study period, there was significant improvement in physical activity and eating habits score. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the dietary intakes of fiber, iron, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin $B_6$, and niacin. Blood pressure, blood glucose, and total cholesterol levels showed a tendency to decrease, but there was no significant difference. BMI, fat mass, abdominal circumference, and visceral fat levels were significantly reduced while muscle mass significantly increased. Conclusions: This study suggests that behavioral modification by nutrition and physical activity education with feedback has positive effects on dietary intake and anthropometric biomarkers in obese adults. Therefore, lifestyle interventions of this kind could be recommended as a method for obesity management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1295-1304
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the BMI, dietary behaviors, body satisfaction and factors affecting the weight control interest according to gender of middle school students (195 boys and 251 girls) in Wonju area. The average height and weight of the boys were $164.8{\pm}8.3\;cm$ and $55.5{\pm}12.3\;kg$ respectively. Those of the girls were $158.8{\pm}5.0\;cm$ and $48.7{\pm}7.4\;kg$ respectively. The average body mass index (BMI) of the boys and girls was 20.3 and 19.3 respectively. In both boys and girls, 69.7% of them had regular meals and the main reason for skipping meals was insufficient time to eat due to oversleeping (33.6%). Most of the subjects consumed snacks more than once a day (95.5%). The dietary intake attitude score of the girls ($35.08{\pm}5.91$) was higher than that of the boys ($33.81{\pm}5.45$) (p<0.01). The eating disorders score of the girls ($12.92{\pm}6.22$) was higher than that of the boys ($10.70{\pm}9.82$) (p<0.01). Also, 87.2% of the subjects showed normal behavior and 12.8% of the subjects had eating disorders, but there was no significant difference according to gender. The body satisfaction score of the boys ($30.16{\pm}5.08$) was higher than that of the girls ($28.00{\pm}5.52$) (p<0.001). In general, body satisfaction score correlated positively with dietary intake attitude score, but correlated negatively with eating disorders score (p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that body satisfaction score was the most significant variable which affected the weight control interest. Therefore, development of the nutrition education program for adolescents will be effective not only for the improvement of dietary behaviors but also for the positive change in the misleading perception about the ideal body shape.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2019

This study is to investigate the effects of the physical activity and intake of improved food levels on male body compositions. Forty men were assigned to a percentage of body fat (PBF) group (20 men with physical exercise and food) and CONTROL group (20 men with exercise, food intake is free) for this six-month study. An aerobic capacity test to measure maximum oxygen consumption ($VO_2$ max) was performed to precisely determine the exercise intensities during the experimental conditions. After exercise and food control, the body weight of 20s with exercise and food (A) and only exercise (B) decreased about 2.3 kg and 0.4 kg after 6 months, respectively. If the p-values were 0.697(between baseline and 3 months), 0.535(between 3 months and 6 months), and 0.617(between baseline and 6 months), respectively, then 20s men had evidence of that a significant main effect does not exist amongst the observations of the outcome or within-weights. Their skeletal muscle mass (SMM) of both groups increased slightly through exercise. Although the decrease in total body weight of 30s was correlated with the increase in SMM, there was not shown significant. While total body water decreased in 20s, 40s, and 50s except 30s men, all other values did not shown significant differences. The physical activity and intake of improved food levels were contributed with lost a lot of weight, decrease of SMM and body fat.

• Korean Journal of Health Psychology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.537-555
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was two-fold. First, comparisons on the psychological and physical attributes of normal weight, overweight, and obese children were conducted. Second, the influence of BMI and physical fitness interaction on psychological adaptation in children with obesity was explored. Participants were 245 children between the ages of 9 and 13 years (64.5% males). Data on children considered overweight (n = 45) or obese (n = 78) were gathered from the Korean Obese Children's Physical Activity (KOCPA) projects. Normal weight children (n = 122) were recruited from two Seoul elementary schools. Psychological measurements included Weight Efficacy Life-style Questionnaire (WEL), Physical Self-efficacy Scale (PSES), Child Dietary Self-efficacy Scale (CDSS), Self-concept Inventory (SCI), and the Korean version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Intervention TM Version 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQLTM4.0). BMI (kg/m2) and physical fitness (e.g., aerobic endurance, flexibility) were recorded by experts in exercise physiology. Results showed that children in the high BMI group reported poorer psychological adaption and demonstrated lower physical fitness when compared to the remaining groups. Compared to normal weight children, children considered overweight and obese were found to have lower physical self-efficacy, more negative self-concept, and poorer quality of life. Further, these children also had significantly lower physical fitness levels than their normal weight counterparts. Physical fitness was found to have a significant main effect on weight efficacy (WEL), physical self-efficacy (PSES), and quality of life (PedsQL) in children considered overweight or obese. A significant BMI-physical fitness interaction effect was found for self-concept (SCI) only. Children with higher BMI reported poorer self-concept regardless of fitness level whereas children with lower BMI and higher fitness reported more positive self-concept. Implications and limitations are discussed.

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1057-1058
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• 2003

본 연구는 올바른 식습관 행태와 비만에 관련된 여러 요인을 파악하여 비만아동을 위한 보다 전문적이고 체계적인 영양과 체중조절을 위한 온라인 프로그램을 개발하고자 경기도 구리시 소재 2개 초등학교 5학년 학생 총 686명(남 55.7% 여 44.3%)을 대상으로 컴퓨터 이용도와 비만관리프로그램에 대한 수요도 조사를 시행하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 학교에서 제공한 신체계측자료를 바탕으로 한 비만도(%) 분석에서는 과다체중군 14.8%(남 8.0%, 여6.8%), 비만군 8.9%(남 6.0%, 여 2,9%)였고, 뢰러지수(Rohler index)로 분류한 결과에서는 비만군이 6.7%(남7.6%, 여 5.7%)로 나타났다. 컴퓨터이용 및 영양정보 수요도 조사에서 컴퓨터 이용시간은 전체의 91.9%가 하루 2시간 이내였고 컴퓨터 사용시 게임 76.1%, 인터넷 정보검색과 인터넷 학습이 각각 33.6%와 22.7%였다. 정보검색시 영양에 대한 정보를 찾아 본 학생은 29.8%였고 앞으로 더 알고 싶은 영양정보는 키를 크게 해 주는 식품 43.6%,머리가 좋아지는 식품 30.9%였다. 인터넷에서 얻고 싶은 비만에 관한 정보는 체중감소를 위한 다이어트 및 식사방법 44.0%, 운동방법 39.2%였으며 인터넷의 비만사이트에서 제공되는 정보형태에 대한 선호도는 게임 40.7%, 만화 22.4%로 많았고 인터넷을 통한 영양교육 및 사이트 운영에 60.1%(남 49.4%, 여 72.9%)의 학생이 참여의사를 표시하였는데 특히 여학생이 더 높은 참여의사를 보였다(p<0.01). 식습관에 관한 조사에서 하루 중 가장 자주 식사를 거르게 되는 때는 아침 30.8%, 때에 따라 다르다. 30.2%로 나타났고 식사할 때의 속도는 10분미만이 정상군은 16.5%(남 21.5%,여 10.5%), 비만군은 31.7% (남 36.0%, 여 25.0%)로 비만할수록, 남학생일수록 빠르게 먹는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 식사시의 편식여부는 정상군의 54.6%, 비만군은 39.0%만이 편식을 하는 반면 비만군은 싫어하는 음식이 거의 없다가 41.5%로 정상군23.6%보다 유의하게 높아 비만아동은 편식이 아닌 탐식의 문제를 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 많이 먹는 간식의 종류는 과자 및 스낵류 47.6%, 아이스크림 38.5%등으로 나타났다. 자신의 체형에 관한 인식에서는 조금 뚱뚱하다 30.9%(남 27.5%, 여 35.0%), 많이 뚱뚱하다 9.0%(남 10.6%, 여 7.1%)로 나타나 신체계측치에 의한 비만도(%)에서 과다체중 및 비만이 전체의 23.7%(남 14.0%, 여 9.7%)인 것과 비교해 볼 때 전체적으로 정상인 체중을 뚱뚱한 것으로 판단하고 있고 여학생의 경우 그 정도가 더욱 심한 것으로 나타났다. 몸무게를 줄이려고 시도한 경험에서는 정상군 42.5%(남 34.5%, 여 51.9%), 비만군 80.0%(남 76.0%, 여 86.7%)가 경험이 있으며 몸무게를 줄이기 위해 택한 방법은 운동 67.5%이 가장 많았다. 전체학생의 25.0%(남 17.6%, 여 33.5%)가 체형 때문에 고민한 적이 있으며 고민의 주된 내용은 너무 뚱뚱한 것 같다 39.5%, 키가 너무 작은 것 같다가 28.5%였다. 위와 같은 분석결과를 볼 때 학생들에게 제공되는 영양정보의 내용에 체중감소를 위한 다이어트 및 식사방법 그리고 운동방법과 함께 키를 크게 해주거나 지능을 높여주는 정보를 같이 연계시켜 교육하는 것이 흥미유발에 도움을 주며 게임 및 만화를 적절히 응용하는 것도 효과적이라 여겨진다. 비만아동을 위한 프로그램 운영 시 참여할 의사가 높은 만큼 효율적이고도 조직적인 방법으로 비만아동이 지속적으로 관리되고 아동 스스로도 거부감 없이 적극적으로 비만문제를 해결하는 노력을 일상화 할 수 있도록 체계적인 프로그램이 마련 될 필요가 있다고 판단된다.