• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.48 no.6
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2011

According to rapid development of communication and video compression technology, the video contents are easily disseminated into various areas. In order to prevent illegal distribution of video contents, the necessity of video contents protection technology is increased. In this paper, we propose the video encryption and decryption algorithm based on logistic map and design the prototype system in real-time embedded environment. The sender system with encryption capability is implemented on DM642 EVM target board and the receiver system with decryption capability is implemented in satellite D-STB. Experimental results show that the time change ratio of encoding process on target board are less than 0.97% and the time change ratio of the decoding process on D-STB is less than 1.75%. So, we verify that the proposed encryption/decryption system can be used in real time application.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2004.10b
• /
• pp.631-633
• /
• 2004

본 논문에서는 MPEG-4 비디오 포맷으로 인코딩(encoding)된 미디어 데이터에 적용할 수 있는 효과적인 암호화 방법에 대해서 제안하고 실험 결과에 대하여 기술한다 MPEG-4 파일로부터 추출한 I(Intra-coded)-VOP(Video Object Plane)의 매크로 블록(Macroblock)들 중의 최소부분 암호화, P(Predictive-coded)-VOP의 움직임 벡터(Motion Vector)들과 매크로블록들의 최소부분 암호화, 그리고 마지막으로 모든 VOP들의 최소 부분 암호화와 같은 3가지 암호화 방법을 구현하고 실험하였다. 이러한 방법은 모바일 또는 유비쿼터스 환경 하에서의 상용 서비스의 디지털 저작권 관리(Digital Rights Management)를 구축하는 데에 매우 용이하고 적합하게 적용되며, 주문형 비디오 서비스(Video On Demand)와 같은 비디오 스트리밍을 위한 DRM 시스템에 최소한의 부하만을 지우도록 설계되었다 미디어 데이터의 각 VOP들의 암호화에 소요되는 시간을 측정한 결과, 이러한 방법은 상용 멀티미디어 서비스에도 충분히 적용 가능한 성능을 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2010.06d
• /
• pp.297-300
• /
• 2010

비디오 데이터는 인코딩 단계의 특성상 패킷 드롭과 네트워크 딜레이에 무척 민감하다. 그렇기 때문에 레이트 컨트롤을 통해 대역폭이 변화하는 네트워크 환경에 대응 하고자 하는 연구가 진행 되어왔다. 하지만 컨텐츠 중심의 네트워크 환경에서는 소스 노드 뿐만 아니라 중계 노드들 또한 데이터를 전송함으로써 레이트 컨트롤을 위해 소스 노드에 접근 하는 것은 컨텐츠 중심의 네트워크의 장점을 상쇄 시킨다. 이 문제를 해결 하기 위해 계층별 비디오 컨텐츠 정보를 활용한 중계 노드 에서의 패킷 스케줄링 모델을 제안한다. 이로써 컨텐츠 중심의 네트워크에서의 사용자 네트워크 환경에 적응적으로 동작하는 효율적인 비디오 스트리밍이 가능하다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.39B no.2
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2014

Scalable video coding (SVC) encodes multimedia data into a base layer and enhancement layers to cope with variable network conditions in an adaptive manner. In SVC, enhancement layers can be decoded only when the base layer is successively received. However, existing works on SVC transmissions in IEEE 802.11 WLANs do not fully investigate this characteristic and thus their performance can be degraded. In this paper, we propose a SVC-aware retransmission (SAR) scheme in IEEE 802.11 WLANs. The SAR scheme applies different retransmission policies for base and enhancement layers by obtaining the optimal number of frames to be retransmitted. As a result, the SAR scheme can reduce unnecessary retransmissions and minimize the transmission latency. Simulation results demonstrate that the SAR scheme can reduce unnecessary data transmission by 12.6% and the transmission latency by 6.6~19.1% compared to conventional retransmission schemes.

• Smart Media Journal
• /
• v.12 no.11
• /
• pp.145-153
• /
• 2023

In a P2P-based distributed storage system where peers frequently join and leave, it is essential to guarantee not only data availability but also playback quality comparable to that provided by local storage devices when playing back video files with real-time constraints. In addition, cloud storage services based on distributed storage systems provide each user with the functionality to share their files with other users, so when multiple users request playback of the same video file at the same time, all playback should be supported seamlessly in real time. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a scheme that process multiple simultaneous playback requests for each video file in real time as well as data availability in a P2P-based distributed storage system that supports file sharing. This scheme can support real-time simultaneous playback and efficiently use storage space by adjusting the amount of redundant data encoded through erasure coding according to the number of concurrent playback requests for each video file.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2012.06a
• /
• pp.164-166
• /
• 2012

최근 스마트 기기의 보급과 무선 인터넷망의 보급으로 언제 어디에서나 비디오를 시청할 수 있다. 하지만 무선 인터넷 망의 품질이 안좋을 경우 영상의 QoS(Quality of Service)를 낮춰 프레임을 스킵하여 전송하게 된다. 이 때 FRUC(Frame Rate Up Conversion)기술을 적용한다면 원본의 프레임 레이트를 확보할 수 있어 QoS를 높일 것으로 기대한다. FRUC에서 MV(Motion Vector)추정시에 연산량이 매우 높아서 스마트 기기에 적용하는 것이 어렵지만 H.264코덱으로 인코딩된 동영상은 자체적으로 MV정보를 갖고 있기 때문에 이 MV를 FRUC에 적용할 수 있다면 FRUC의 연산량을 줄일 수 있을 것이다. 이를 위해서 H.264에 적용된 ME(Motion Estimation)와 FRUC에 적용된 ME의 차이를 고려하여 H.264코덱의 MV가 유용한지 분석하는 것이 선행돼야 한다. 본 논문에서는 H.264 MV와 FRUC의 MV의 차이를 분석하고 유용성을 판단하는 실험을 통해 H.264로 인코딩 된 비디오의 MV중 상당수가 FRUC에 적합함을 확인했다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.7C
• /
• pp.654-662
• /
• 2009

Video streams for mobile video streaming can be encoded to fit the available network bandwidth by controlling three factors: temporal resolution, spatial resolution, and picture quality. The controlling of picture quality by modifying the quantization parameter (QP) is most widely used. In this paper, we demonstrate that reducing the spatial resolution adaptively can be more efficient in terms of picture quality and energy consumption in low bit-rate environment, and present a model to find the optimal spatial resolution for the available bandwidth. Adaptive spatial resolution control scheme is especially effective when the bandwidth between the video server and the mobile device varies considerably with time, and when the mobile device is sensitive to energy consumption. Our scheme can improve the picture quality by approximately O.5dB and reduce energy consumption by more than 50% compared to the conventional video coding in low bit-rate environment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
• /
• v.8C no.5
• /
• pp.647-656
• /
• 2001

Video delivery from a server to a client across a network system is an important part of many multimedia applications. Usually, the network system has constraint in both the amount of network bandwidth and the buffer size in the client. While delivering a video stream across such a constrained network system, loss of frames may be unavoidable. The system resources consumed by the dropped frames are wasted, and the losses of frames would result in discontinuous display at the client. In this paper, for delivering hierarchically encoded video stream, we introduce the notion of selective layer discard algorithm at the server which not only preemptively discards data at the server but also drops less important part of a frame instead of the entire frame. By the simulation, we compare the proposed selective layer discard algorithm and the existing selective frame discard algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm may improve the quality of decoded video, and decrease the replay discontinuity at the client.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.2A
• /
• pp.144-153
• /
• 2006

In this paper, we propose an efficient video data transmission protocol using the cross-layer approach in ad hoc networks. Due to node movement, the MANET is frequently changing path and each path has different transmission rate so that it has low performance when transmitters select a constant transmission late at the encoding time. Because MANET is running limited energy, efficient energy management is important because it increases network life time and network throughput. Therefore we need an effective video transmission method that considers physical layer channelstatistics, node's energy status, and network topology changes at the same time unlike the OSI recommendation protocol in that each layer isindependent and hard to transmit adaptively video data according to the network conditions. Therefore, in this paper we propose a cross-layer effective video transmission protocol and mechanism that can select an optimal path using multilayer information such as node's residual energy, channel condition and hop counts and can determine the adequate coding rate adaptively.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.1957-1964
• /
• 2010

In Video coding, the first frame is encoded in intra mode which generates a larger number of bits. In addition, the first frame is used for the inter mode encoding of the following frames. Thus the intial QP for the first frame of GOP affects the first frame as well as the following frames. Traditionally, the initial QP of a GOP is determined by the initial QP of the previous GOP and the average QP of the inter mode frames. In case of JM, the initial QP of a GOP is adjusted as the initial QP being less than the average QP of inter mode frames by two. However, this method is not suitable for the low bit rate video coding. In this paper, the linear relationship between the optimal QP and the ratio of the PSNR of the first frame and the average PSNR of the inter mode frames is first investigated and the linear model is proposed based on the results of the investigation. The proposed model calculate the optimal initial QP using the encoding results of the previous GOP. It is shown by experimental results that the new algorithm can predict the optimal initial QP more accurately and generate the PSNR performance better than that of the existing JM algorithm.