• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.12.2-12
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• 1981

The papilloma of the nose and the sinuses is uncommon benign neoplasm that was pro bably first described by Billroth in 1855 as a "villiform cancer": It may polypoid or papillomatous in the nose or sinuses and is frequently multiple. Clinically, there are 3types of the papilloma found in the nasal cavity and sinuses, vestibule, fungiform, inverting. The vestibular type is the keratotic lesion arise from the squamous epithelium lining the vestibule of the nose. The inverting type, which is covered by the columnar or metaplastic squamous epithelium is pliable, pink and tends to bleed quite easily. The fungiform type is covered by the stratified squamous epithelium which shows varying degree of cornification. It is more caulflow like than the inverting type and does not bleed easily. Recently, the authors experienced a case of the fungiform type papilloma which occupied right nasal cavity and nasopharynx. So, we reports the case, with review of the current brief literatures. A 55 year old man was admitted with the chief complaints of right nasal obstruction by the protruded movable mass on right nasal cavity, which was noticed about 7 months ago. The biopsy report revealed fungiform type papilloma.(length 18cm. width 2.5 cm. weight 41 gr.) The tumor mass was removed surgically through intranasal approach under the general anesthesia. Postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged after 7 days hospitalization. No evidence of recurrence has been observed up to date.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 1991

최근 횡문근육종을 치료함에 있어서 수술적 요법, 방사선 치료, 강암 약물요법을 적절히 병행함으로써 치료에 따르는 후유증을 극소화하면서 괄목할만한 생존율 향상을 가져오게 되었다. 특히 두경부의 횡문근육종은 소아에서 다발하고 병소의 위치에 따라서 각각 다른 임상적 특성을 가지며 수술적 절제를 했을 때 기능 및 외견상 결손이 크므로 별도의 연구 대상이 되어 왔으며 수술적 방법보다는 방사선 치료 및 항암 약물요법이 강조되고 있다. 저자들은 1976년부터 1987년까지 두경부 횡문근육종으로 진단받고 연세 암센터에서 항암 약물요법 및 방사선 치료를 받은 22명의 환자를 대상으로 하여 발생 부위, 조직 병리, 병기별 분포 및 생존율, 치료 방법에 따른 생존율을 후향성으로 분석하였다. 22명의 환자중 10 세 미만이 12 예로 가장 많았고, 13명이 배아세포형이였으며, 임상병기는 병기 III 이 가장 많아서 14 예였다. 병소의 위치는 안와가 6명으로 가장 많았고, 뇌수막주변부가 7명 (상악동 3명, 중이도 2명, 비강 l명, 비인강 1명), 기타 9명 (경부 5명, 이하선 2명, check 2명) 이었다. 5년 무병 생존율은 안와 종양에서 가장 높아서 50% 였고, 안와외 두경부가 37.5%, 뇌수막주변부가 16.7% 로 가장 낮았으며, 낮은 병기(병기 III), 배아세포형, 항암 약물 요법 병용군에서 상대적으로 높은 생존율이 관찰되었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 1998

Choanal atresia may be membrane or bony, unilateral or bilateral. Approximately 90% of the choanal atresia are bony type. Unilateral choanal atresia often eludes the diagnosis because of the absence of subjective symptoms in the neonatal period. However, bilateral choanal atresia presents at birth with cyclic respiratory distress aggravated by feedings. So complete bilateral choanal atresia is considered as a neonatal emergency. Examinations for the diagnosis of chonal atresia include 1) attempt at passing a rubber catheter or probe through the patient s nose, 2) mirror examination of the nasopharynx, 3) digital examination of the nasopharynx, 4) X-ray examination after installation of radiopaque materal into the nasal cavity. But, computed tomography has become accepted method for evaluation of choanal atresia. Surgical repair of choanal atresia is accomplished via transnasal or transpalatal approach. Advantages of the transpalatal approach are improved exposure and the preservation of mucosal flap along the newly formed apertures. On the other hand, the transpalatal approach carries the risk of injury to the greater palatine neurovascular complex, and requires longer operative time. After careful physical and radiographic examinations, we accomplished the surgical repair of the complete bony bilateral choanal atresia via transpalatal approach without complications.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.1200-1206
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• 2003

Purpose : This study was conducted for the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), by comparing the early use of non-invasive nasal CPAP with low intermittent mandatory ventilation(low IMV) and endotracheal CPAP in weaning a mechanical ventilator from infants with moderate respiratory distress syndrome(RDS). Methods : Thirty infants in the study group, with moderate RDS from November 2001 to June 2002, were administered surfactants and treated with the mechanical ventilator, and applied the nasal CPAP in weaning. Thirty infants of the control group, from January 1999 to September 2001, were applied low IMV and endoctracheal CPAP in weaning. Results : There were no significant differences in the characteristics, the severity of clinical symptoms, the initial laboratory findings and settings of the mechanical ventilator. After weaning, the study group showed no significant changes in $PaCO_2$. However, the control group showed a slight $CO_2$ retension after one and 12 hours. Twenty eight infants(93.3%) of the study group and 24 infants(80%) of the control group were successfully extubated. The primary cause of failure was apnea. There were no significant differences in the duration of weaning and the mechanical ventilator treatment between the groups. Complications in weaning were related to the fixation of nasal CPAP and the mechanical problems caused by endotracheal tube. Conclusion : Aggressive weaning is possible for moderate RDS, in which the nasal CPAP was used without the low IMV and the endotracheal CPAP process. It had no difficulties. In conclusion, the nasal CPAP is an adequate weaning method for moderate RDS.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1264-1272
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• 2015

This study was performed to compare the perceived importance and performance frequency of the core nursing skills between general and special department. Subjects were 182 nurses who work on the hospital. Data was collected using items made by Korean accreditation board of nursing education and analyzed by frequency, mean and t-test. There were differences of importance and frequencies about nursing core skill between general and special wards. Core nursing skills of general wards were higher importance on intradermal injection(p=.011), transfusion(p=.028), simple catheterization(p=.047), cleansing enema(p=<.001), preoperative and postoperative care(p=.035), management administration(p=.027) and oxygenation with cannular(p=.002) than special wards. Actual performance frequency core nursing skills of general wards were higher similar on transfusion(p=.002), intermittent tube feeding(p=.032), simple catheterization(p=<.001), cleansing enema(p=<.001), preoperative care(p=.001), postoperative care(p=<.001), management administration(p=.001), protection equipment for quarantine room and waste disposal(p=.021), oxygenation with cannular(p=<.001) than special wards. It is needed to develop efficient and sequential program to learning the nursing core skills for nursing students.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.214-216
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• 1998

In the treatment of maxillary lesion including a maxillary sinuses, most of oral and maxillofacial surgeons have used the vestibular incision or the Weber-Fergusson incision. However, the vestibular incision has disadvantage which it provides a rather limited exposure and the Weber-Fergusson incision leaves visible scar in the midface. Furthermore, because the scar is confined on unilateral side only, the technique is hesitated to apply especially in children, younger patients and women. Since Casson first introduced midfacial degloving technique, this approach has been used frequently to treat the lesion on nasal cavity, nasopharynx, skull base and paranasal sinuses by ENT surgeons. But, we think this technique can be used usefully in oral and maxillofacial regions. So, we experienced favorable results which it provided a proper exposure, no visible facial scar and it could be used on bilateral midfacial lesions.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.18.3-19
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• 1983

Choanal atresia, described first by Johann Roedere (1755) is an obstruction between the nasal cavity and nasopharyngeal vault, and the diagnosis and treatment were developed because of severity of the disease. Embryologically, incomplete development of olfactory pit, or failure of nasobuccal membrane to rupture, or persistent remaining of buccopharyngeal membrane, etc, all forms the congenital choanal atresia. And the acquired type was the result from syphilis or diphtheria with a resultant stenosing cicatrix and after the inexpert surgery and the trauma. Multiple abnormalities may be present particularly affecting the head, the heart and the alimentary system in the congenital type. The operative technique employed would depend upon the type of obstruction(whether membranous or bony), the age of the patient, and the presence or absence of any associated pathologic condition. Since Emmert (1853) first tried blind puncture of the atretic plate with the trocar, other surgical techniques have been introduced over the years for the correction of choanal atresia, which were the transnasal, transpalatal, transantral and the transseptal approach. Among them, transpalatal approach was proved to be a popular technique, that it provides a direct route, thus permitting an exact reconstruction and low restenosis rate. Recently, we have experienced two cases of choanal atresia and treated successfully with transpalatal approach, so authors report these cases with a review of the literature.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2001

Background : The information on nasal transport and the metabolism of peptides have been obtained from pharmacokinetic investigations in experimental animals. However, there are no transport and metabolic studies of human nasal epithelial cells. In this study, the permeability characteristics and the metabolic properties of in vitro human nasal cell monolayers were investigated. Material and Methods : Normal human inferior nasal conchal tissue samples were obtained from patients undergoing endoscopic nasal cavitary surgery. The specimens were cultured in a transwell using an air-liquid Interface (ALI) culture, and the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value of the blank filter and confluent cell monolayers were measured. To determine the % leakage of mannitol, $4{\mu}mol%$ $^{14}C$-labelled mannitol was added and the % leakage was measured every 10 minute for 1 hour. Result : Human nasal epithelial cells in the primary culture grew to a confluent monolayer within 7 days and expressed microvilli. The tight junction between the cells was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. The TEER value of the blank filter, fifth day and seventh day reached $108.5\;ohm.cm^2$, $141\;ohm.cm^2$ and $177.5\;ohm.cm^2$, respectively. Transcellular % leakage of the $^{14}$-mannitol at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 minutes was $35.67{\pm}5.43$, $34.42{\pm}5.60$, $32.75{\pm}5.71$, $31.76{\pm}4.22$, $30.96{\pm}3.49$ and $29.60{\pm}3.68\;%$, respectively. Conclusion : The human nasal epithelial monolayer using ALI culture techniques is suitable for a transcellular permeability study. The data suggests that human nasal epithelial cells In an ALI culture technique shows some promise for a nasal transport and metabolism study.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.697-700
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• 2002

Primary malignant melanoma of the mediastinum is extremely rare : To date, there have been only 8 cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 50-year-old woman presented with an anterior mediastinal mass. The mass invaded the lung parenchyme of right upper lobe, which was wedge-resected with the mass. Microscopically, spindle or polygonal tumor cells with prominent nucleoli and intracytoplasmic melanin pigments are characterized and Fontana stain confirmed the presence of melanin pigment. Immunohistochemical studies showed diffuse positive staining for HMB45, S100 protein and vimentin, which further suggested melanoma.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.113-113
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• 2003

성문과 성문하부의 기도 폐쇄는 위치 정도 원인 기간 등은 환자에 따라 다르고 그 치료방법 역시 다양하다. 주 원인으로는 기관내 삽관, 각종 외상 및 화상 등 을 들 수 있다. 이러한 질환의 치료 목적은, 기관내 튜브나 기관 캐뉼러 를 통하지 않고 비강을 통하여 자연스럽게 호흡할 수 있도록 기도를 유지 하면서 발성이 가능하고 기고 흡인 없이 연하가 가능하도록 하며 기침 반사가 원활하게 되도록 하는데 있다. 치료목적의 달성을 위하여 협착의 경우, 단계 즉 초기 단계 또는 성숙단계 여부, 위치, 정도, 범위 환자의 연령 전신상태 등을 술전에 잘 평가하고 수술도중의 소견과 술자의 경험이나 기호에 따라 적절한 치료법을 선택하여 치료해야 한다. 후두 외상에 의한 기도 문제는 다른 외상에 비해 흔하지 않은데 이는 연골의 유연성과 후두의 가동성 그리고 후두가 하악과 흉골사이에 위치하여 외상시 보호받게 되는 해부학적 특성에 기인한다. 여러 요인으로 인하여 진단이 늦어질 수도 있는데 이러한 경우 심각한 증상이 초래 되거나 치료가 의 시기가 지나 후두 또는 기관 협착, 발성장애등의 후유증이 유발 될 수 있다.