• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2001

This paper presents the real-time implementation of an AMR (Adaptive Multi Rate) vocoder which is included in the asynchronous International Mobile Telecommunication (IMT)-2000 mobile ASIC. The implemented AMR vocoder is a multi-rate coder with 8 modes operating at bit rates from 12.2kbps down to 4.75kbps. Not only the encoder and the decoder as basic functions of the vocoder are implemented, but VAD (Voice Activity Detection), SCR (Source Controlled Rate) operation and frame structuring blocks for the system interface are also implemented in this vocoder. The DSP for AMR vocoder implementation is a 16bit fixed-point DSP which is based on the TeakLite core and consists of memory block, serial interface block, register files for the parallel interface with CPU, and interrupt control logic. Through the implementation, we reduce the maximum operating complexity to 24MIPS by efficiently managing the memory structure. The AMR vocoder is verified throughout all the test vectors provided by 3GPP, and stable operation in the real-time testing board is also proved.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.28 no.4C
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• pp.365-373
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• 2003

In this paper, we design a versatle RS decoder which can decode RS codes of any block length n as well as any message length k, based on a modified Euclid's algorithm (MEA). This unique feature is favorable for a shortened RS code of any block length it eliminates the need to insert zeros before decoding a shortened RS code. Furthermore, the value of error correcting capability t can be changed in real time at every codeword block. Thus, when a return channel is available, the error correcting capability can be adaptiverly altered according to channel state. The decoder permits 4-step pipelined processing : (1) syndrome calculation (2) MEA block (3) error magnitude calculation (4) decoder failure check. Each step is designed to form a structure suitable for decoding a RS code with varying block length. A new architecture is proposed for a MEA block in step (2) and an architecture of outputting in reversed order is employed for a polynomial evaluation in step (3). To maintain to throughput rate with less circuitry, the MEA block uses not only a multiplexing and recursive technique but also an overclocking technique. The adaptive RS decoder over GF($2^8$) with the maximal error correcting capability of 10 has been designed in VHDL, and successfully synthesized in a FPGA.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.69-75
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• 2008

Shear tests were carried out on interface between two concrete eco-blocks which comprise segmental retaining wall. Three interface conditions were considered : 1) direct contact of two blocks, 2) placing rubber pad between two blocks, 3) placing rubber pad and shear key between two blocks. According to shear tests, shear load-shear displacement relationship which was obtained from direct contact of two blocks was similar to elastic-perfectly plastic behavior. Ductile behavior of shear load-shear displacement relationship was observed for the interface condition of placing rubber pad. Apparent minimum shear capacities and apparent friction angles for the interface conditions of direct contact of two blocks, placing rubber pad between two blocks, placing rubber pad and shear key were 1.7 kN/m, $27.6^{\circ}$ and 4.2 kN/m, $26.2^{\circ}$ and 20.9 kN/m, $26.0^{\circ}$ respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.41-44
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• 2014

본 논문은 안드로이드 스마트 폰 환경에서 정중앙 블록과 주변 블록들 간의 블록 대비도를 이용해 눈썹을 검출한 후, 눈썹과 눈 간의 기하학적 특성을 이용해 눈의 위치를 찾는 눈 검출 방법에 관한 것이다. 제안된 방법은 Haar-like 특징과 AdaBoost 알고리즘 그리고 적응형 템플릿 정합을 이용해 입력 영상에서 얼굴 영역을 검출한 후, 이를 이용해 좌측 및 우측 눈썹과 눈 탐색 영역을 산정한다. 눈썹 영역의 Integral Image에서 눈썹에 해당하는 부분이 주변 블록들에 비해 상대적으로 어둡다는 특성을 이용해 눈썹을 추출한다. 이와 동시에 각 눈 탐색 영역의 Integral Image에서 동공 블록이 나머지 주변 블록들에 비해 상대적으로 어둡고 대칭성이 양호하다는 특성을 이용해 눈 후보 영역들을 추출한 후 최대 블록 대비도를 갖는 블록의 중심화소를 동공 후보점으로 삼는다. 이후 눈의 위치는 항상 눈썹 하단에 위치하며 그 떨어진 정도가 사람마다 크게 다르지 않다는 기하학적 특성을 이용해 눈 후보 영역에서 나온 동공 후보 점들을 검증한다. 제안된 방법은 거리 및 조명 변화 그리고 안경 착용에 강인한 것이 장점이다. 눈썹을 먼저 찾은 후 기하학적 특성을 이용해 좌우 동공 후보점 쌍의 적합성을 검증함으로써 안경과 눈을 효과적으로 구분할 수 있고 눈이 감겨 동공이 가려진 상태에도 감긴 눈의 위치를 검출할 수 있다.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.845-854
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• 2019

In IoT environment, an intelligent agent is an autonomous entity with computing power that interacts with various things for specific purposes without human intervention. Recently, as the development of Internet technology has increased the size of resources and services that intelligent agents can utilize, an environment where intelligent agents can collaborate with each other is needed. To effectively support these changes, a method is needed to provide workspaces where intelligent agents can form various groups and collaborate on them. In this paper, we present TSpace which is an Ethereum-based group workspace for effective collaboration among intelligent agents. In TSpace, intelligent agents in IoT environment can use group service based on the Ethereum blockchain through the developed CoAP/RESTful web service. TSpace also introduces a new mechanism for managing Ethereum wallets of agents accessing group services and for creating Ethereum transactions using them.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.750-754
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 X-선 관전류를 직접 검출하여 제어하는 2.4kW(80kv,30mA)급 최소형, 최경량 휴대용 X-선 발생 장치를 제안한다. 본 장치는 X-선발생을 위한 고전압 발생단에 모노탱크 블록 사용하였고, 고주파 고전압용 인버터에는 스위칭 전력소자로서 MOS-FET를 채용, 70kHz로 스위칭 함으로서 고전압 변압기를 비롯한 고전압 발생부의 크기와 무게를 최소화하였다. 또한, 설정 관전류에 대한 정밀한 제어를 위하여 2단계 모드로 필라멘트 예열을 행하여 관전류 응답특성을 개선하였으며 제안한 휴대용 X-선 발생장치의 부하변동에 따른 X-선 관전압과 관전류의 개선된 특징을 실험파형을 통하여 입증하였다.

• 발명특허
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• v.28 no.3 s.321
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• pp.70-75
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• 2003

• Cement
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• s.178
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• pp.6-11
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• 2008

• Water for future
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2000

• 어항어장
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• s.68
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• pp.43-47
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• 2004