• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.197-207
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• 2004

Identification of animals has been used with an e ar tag with dummy code and blood typing has been used for paternity and individual identification in live animals. Various genetic markers are different for breeds of pig and hence, it is necessary to identity the discrete genetic marker in korean native pig. A total of 240 pigs were used to find korean native pig population specific markers that expressed in population of korean native pigs. To identify the individual traceability, 20 animals were randomly chosen and tested for a whole process from being live to slaughter stages. The candidate genetic marker used in the study were 18 DNA microsatellites which were identified in pig genome. The number of alleles of those DNA microsatellites ranged form a minimum of 3 to maximum of 6. The heterozygote frequency rang6d from 0.44 to 0.69. Effective number of alleles for each DNA microsatellotes were 2 to 4. By choosing 6 candidate genetic markers among all, the traceability of individual identification was estimated as accurate as 99.99%(p>0.0014), nearly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.720-728
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• 2008

The objective of this article is to examine Korean consumers' perception level of the country-of-origin of brand (COB) of global restaurant franchises. Although global brands have rushed onto the Korean food service market since 1980, there has been little or no research conducted regarding consumers' perception of COB of global restaurant franchises. In this study, we surveyed consumers to determine their perception of COB for 27 foreign global restaurant brands; specifically, we attempted to determine whether or not Korean consumers could correctly recognize the COB of each brand. The results of this research revealed that Korean consumers correctly perceived the COB of certain restaurant brands, and incorrectly perceived some other brands. For instance, Korean consumers' perception level of the COB of McDonald's and KFC were quite high, and conversely their perceptions of the COB of Outback Steakhouse and Pohoa were relatively low. When consumers select a restaurant brand, COB image was shown to be more influential than brand image.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.161-176
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• 2022

Most companies are achieving economic benefits by producing products in the form of bi-national products, but there are also negative consequences such as reduced brand power, so strategic bi-national product planning and branding is essential. In order to actively reflect these practical needs, this study conducted a comprehensive and easy-to-generalize evaluation of Bi-national products that has been somewhat underdeveloped in previous studies. To this end, the selection and evaluation criteria of the products to be investigated were differentiated. This is to classify the products by place of use and the purpose of use so that the majority of bi-national products can be included, and then use the combination to derive the specific products to be evaluated for bi-national products. The evaluation of the product identified the phenomenon of psychological conflict among consumers due to the country of origin discrepancy at the level of decreasing brand authenticity. The above research design is an evaluation method that can encompass bi-national products as a whole, rather than an evaluation of a specific product or product line that is mainly reported in previous studies, and it is also very easy to apply to practice because it allows us to more carefully identify changes in psychological attitudes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.709-718
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• 2010

The study was performed through questionnaire to determine purchase characteristics and consumers' satisfaction for Hanwoo beef for 400 residents in Busan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do. The results obtained from 363 consumers excluding 37 improperly answered ones were statistically analyzed. The properly answered consumers were classified according to gender, 107 (29.5%) male, 256 (70.5%) female, and ages, 70 (19.3%) twenties, 97 (26.7%) thirties, 131 (36.1%) forties, and 65 (17.9%) over fifties. Consumers having older ages purchased Hanwoo beef more frequently (p<0.05), and Hanwoo specialty shop operated by farmers cooperative was the most popular purchasing sources. Consumers' favorite retail cuts for Hanwoo beef were in the order of loin (43.5%), ribs (22.9%), tender loin (10.5%), brisket (9.9%), round, fore (4.7%), others (3.3%), chuck (2.8%), strip loin, rump (2.5%). For the experiences of purchasing imported beef, 24.55% and 22.3% of consumers answered for 'sometimes' and 'yes', respectively, for the reason of 'low price' (73.3%). Consumers answered 'sometimes' (69.1%) for the question of disguisement of imported beef to Hanwoo beef, and thought traceability (61.7%) and country of origin (17.1%) would be the most effective methods to prevent disguisement. Percentages of responses were 61.1% and 75.5% for traceability and country of origin, respectively, under the assumption of consumer's trustworthiness of above 70%. Prerequisites for Hanwoo beef to succeed as a brand were in the order of taste (3.90 points), consumers' satisfaction (3.28 points), consumers' trustworthiness (3.20 points), safety (3.03 points). Consumers' satisfaction is influenced by the age, academic background and the occupation (p<0.05). Safety is expected to show the difference by the educational background (p<0.05) and the occupation (p<0.01), whereas consumers trustworthiness is influenced by the educational background and income (p<0.05). From the results obtained in the current study, it is concluded that traceability and country of origin is essential to gain consumers' satisfaction and trustworthiness, and that the most important factors for branding Hanwoo beef would be taste and safety.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.237-248
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to measure the agricultural product market efficiency of the three e-commerce platforms from the perspective of consumer price fairness perception, analyze the quality and price gap of invalid brands, and help agricultural products enterprises to formulate reasonable price strategies. The characteristics of farm products sold in e-commerce platforms(quality, origin, taste, safety level) were selected as output indicators and the prices of products were selected as input indicators to evaluate the efficiency of the market through DEA analysis. According to the analysis, JD mall has the largest proportion of effective brands, while YHD.com has the highest average market efficiency, and northeast rice has the largest difference in average efficiency among the three platforms. The results show that price inefficiencies still exist in the electronic market. The development of online market for agricultural products should pay attention to consumer price fairness and pay attention to the coordination between price and quality. The limitation of this paper is that it does not focus on the influence of words of mouth marketing in internet market and consumer experience, which can be the future research direction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.6 s.115
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• pp.160-171
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• 2007

This research studied men's cosmetics purchasing behavior based on the level of interest one has in one's appearance, the country of origin, and the sales promotion of the cosmetics. The study was conducted by experimental $2{\times}[2{\times}2]$ design by combining the 3 variables mentioned above. The Independent variables in this research were levels of appearance interest(high vs. low), the country of origin(Korean vs. foreign), and types of sales promotion(discount vs. coupon). The dependent variables were the purchase behaviors including favor to cosmetics and purchase intent. Two hundred male consumers participated for the study. Data analysis conducted were factor analysis, cluster analysis and ANOVA. The results were as follows. 1. Male consumers' cosmetics favorness: 3-way significant interaction, in appearance interest, the country of origin, and types of sales promotion, was found for favor to male cosmetics. When male subjects were provided with price discounts and skin care coupons for the Korean cosmetics, they didn't reveal significant differences in favor, regardless of the level of appearance interest. However, for the imported cosmetics, male subjects with high appearance interest showed more favor to the cosmetics than the ones with low appearance interest. 2. Male consumers' purchase intent: 3-way significant interaction, in appearance interest, the country of origin, and types of sales promotion was found for the purchase intent. When male subjects were provided with price discounts and skin care coupons for the Korean cosmetics, they didn't show significant difference in purchase intent, regardless of their appearance interest. However, for the imported cosmetics, male consumers with high appearance interest reported more purchase intent than the ones with low appearance interest.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.274-277
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• 2005

보다 위생적인 한우육 생산을 위해서는 단계별의 위해요소중점관리(HACCP)의 적용은 물론, 생산 및 유통단계에서 가축 및 축산물의 이동경로를 추적, 관리함으로써 생산, 가공 및 유통 정보가 투명하고 정확하게 소비자에게 제공되도록 각 단계의 정보들이 통합되어져야 한다. 또한 필수적으로 개체이력 관리체계 구축 및 추적을 위한 도축장 전산화, 판매장 전산화가 이루어져야 한다. 따라서, 생산${\cdot}$도축${\cdot}$가공${\cdot}$판매 단계의 정보를 통일화 할 수 있는 ID 체계 및 ID 식별 체계를 구축하고 각 단계에서 발생하는 정보를 공유하여 효율적이며 위생적인 생산이 될 수 있는 전산시스템을 구축하고 개체추적이 가능한 생산단계, 도축단계, 가공${\cdot}$판매단계 자동화 시스템이 개발 되어야 한다. 소비자 선호도 및 도축${\cdot}$가공 정보를 생산자, 관련기관 및 단체에 효과적으로 전달하여 차별화된 브랜드 개발을 유도하고 생축 및 한우육 유통단계를 투명화 하여 소비자 및 생산자의 이익을 극대화 시켜야 한다. 고품질 축산물을 소비자에게 안전하게 제공할 수 있도록 생산이력관리시스템을 구축하는 것은 궁극적으로 수입육과의 차별화 및 고품질 한우육 공급으로 국내산 한우육의 신뢰성을 회복하여 지속적이며 안정적인 한우 경영을 유지${\cdot}$발전의 기반을 마련하는 계기를 제공하는데 있다.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.265-285
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• 2015

After the establishment of WTO for strengthening of GATT in 1995, the world economy has gradually been integrating toward economic globalisation. Even though this multilateral agreement may be beneficial to many countries but it also interferes domestic policies of member countries and threatens the role of local government and policy independence. For these reasons, FTA between countries or regions has been increasing. According to this trend, Korea and China has reached a substantial agreement of Korea-China FTA for mutual benefits. In general, the Korean automobile industry will benefit from Korea-China FTA due to its competitiveness in the global market and improvement of market access. However in the provisional schedule of concessions and commitment reported by press, the automobile seems to be excluded in this schedule of concessions. Hence, Korean automobile industry can not use the price competitiveness from tariff elimination. Therefore, Korean automobile industry needs aggressive marketing strategies for enhancement of brand equity as well as development of environment-friendly cars for following environment policies of Chinese government. Furthermore, they should make efforts to create the efficient investment environment by the removal of non-tariff barriers.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.251-274
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• 2008

This article investigated competitiveness evaluation of Korean product in German market that it is the most difficult to entry among EU countries in order to gain the upper hand against other MNCs. Specially, this empirical study analyzed product evaluation by using country image, corporate image and purchase experience. As the empirical results, Korean economy image and general image are significant. This means that German consumers have good image for economic, social and cultural image, so these factors influence product evaluation through halo effect. Also, we analyzed the effect of brand purchase experience and knowledge for Korea on product evaluation of German consumer. The results that country competitiveness and image play a role into product evaluation provide implication that we should make not only country image but also developed political, cultural image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.1409-1416
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• 2007

Seven selected commercial pure or refined olive oils were obtained from the market, and their physicochemical properties and volatile characterizations were investigated. Fatty acid profiles of the analyzed olive oils showed oleic $(61.2{\sim}74.7mole%)$, palmitic $(10.2{\sim}16.8mole%)$, linoleic $(9.4{\sim}18.0mole%)$, stearic $(1.9{\sim}3.0mole%)$, palmitoleic $(0.7{\sim}2.4mole%)$ and linolenic acid $(0.5{\sim}0.9mole%)$. According to Hunter#s color measurement, pure or refined olive oils showed $L^*$ value of $92.2{\sim}99.0$, $a^*$ value of $-22.2{\sim}-3.2$, and $b^*$ value of $18.5{\sim}55.0$. Their total phenol contents ranged from 1.9 to $13.3mg/100g$ while ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ content showed $7.91{\sim}13.88mg/100g$. Oxidation stability of the pure or refined olive oils were observed by Rancimat. The induction period ranged from 17.37 to 34.72 hr while their POV were $6.83{\sim}20.31meq/kg$ oil. Electronic nose and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry with head-space solid phase microextraction were applied to identify and discriminate the volatile compounds and flavors in pure or refined olive oils, respectively.