• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.149-172
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• 2023

In the Northeast Asian region, including Korea, China, and Japan, with rapid economic growth since the 1990s, intra-regional oil logistics has been increasing. Under such external circumstances, Korea has been pursuing a policy to become a Northeast Asian petroleum logistics hub since the mid-2000s. In order to become a Northeast Asian logistics hub, it is important to establish and promote a business model to promote the value-added oil logistics business. This study aims to propose policies and practical implications for increasing petroleum logistics by analyzing Korea's petroleum logistics business model in Northeast Asia. The results of case analysis through interviews with 23 tank terminal companies are as follows. First, most of the oil storage tank terminal companies interviewed are conducting value-added petroleum logistics such as blending, breaking bulk, and consolidation etc. Second, value-added petroleum logistics is caused by an imbalance in supply and demand among neighboring countries in Northeast Asia. In particular, there is a high demand for breaking bulk and blending connecting Japan, Oceania, the United States, and South America. Third, it is necessary to promote the promotion of value-added logistics by improving infrastructure, institutions, and regulations in response to the demand for value-added petroleum logistics, which will greatly contribute to Korea's policy for being Northeast Asian oil hub.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.639-650
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• 2023

Economic development has resulted in the concentration of population and industry in the metropolitan area. Additionally, the Republic of Korea is experiencing this phenomenon, with more than half of the population living in the Seoul capital area. To alleviate this concentration of population, the Korean government implemented the new town development policy. Unfortunately, this has led to an increase in the commuting population, causing an imbalance in transportation services due to financial and policy differences in each region. This paper analyzes the level of user satisfaction with mega commuting in three aspects: mobility, accessibility, and connectivity. To objectively assess the level of user satisfaction, which is qualitative data, the Rasch Model is used to analyze the collinearity of user data. The results indicate that the level of user satisfaction differs by region, and service satisfaction with mobility is lower than that with accessibility and connectivity. Therefore, prior to the introduction of new town policies, it is necessary to develop metropolitan transportation infrastructure.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.17-36
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• 2023

This research aims to investigate the socio-demographic, financial, and housing statuses of young married couples in Chonsei housing and to analyze the determinants of their residential environment quality and housing expenditure in four districts - Seoul and Gyeonggi-Incheon Area(GIA) of the Seoul Metropolitan Area(SMA), and metropolises and non-metropolises of non-SMA. From the 2020 Korean Housing Survey(KHS), this cross-sectional analysis examined a sample of 691 households, and the findings revealed that most were headed by college-educated, salaried male workers aged 31 years old. While childless dual-earner couples were common in Seoul, single-income families of three were prevalent in non-SMA. The financial status of the couples in Seoul was a lot better than in the other three areas, particularly much higher in Chonsei deposit and total asset value. Further, many lived in a three-bedroom apartment unit sized 60m² and bigger, using a Chonsei loan. Regardless of areas, almost all the households spent a very low portion of their living expenses and income on housing costs. However, dual-earner families positively increased borrowing capacity, which improves the household's financial position that is likely to lead to equity increment in a volatile asset market in the long run. The statistical results indicated that residential environment assessment was influenced by neighborhood quality and housing expenditure was affected by housing size in Seoul, urban amenities in GIA and householder's gender in non-metropolises. Thus, this research proposes that strong measures be considered to mitigate housing inequality embedded in geographical and socio-economic disparities.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.135-156
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• 2009

The two waves of EU enlargement in 2004 and 2007, have been milestones of European integration. While research has been conducted into the impact of these events on both the European and the global economies,1 there have been few attempts to assess the effects of EU enlargement and the introduction of the euro on countries such as Russia, which neighbour the EU but currently have no perspective of accession. This paper aims to provide an assessment of the effects that EU enlargement and the introduction of the euro have had on Russia, the largest country neighbouring the EU. In particular, it focuses on trade and investment links between the EU and Russia, as well as the use of the energy by Russian residents and authorities. Economic links between Russia and the EU are found to have strengthened considerably in the areas of trade, investment and other financial flows in recent years. Strong growth, particularly in Russia, as well as the high price of oil and gas, Russia's major export items, has facilitated this expansion of trade and finance. Moreover, available data do not suggest that EU enlargement has had a negative impact on Russia in terms of trade or investment diversion. Thus, the strategic partnership between Russia and the EU has been increasingly underpinned by an expansion of cross-border economic activities. Thus, the paper contributes to two broad strands of literature on this subject, namely the impact of regional trade and economic arrangements on non-member countries and the international role of currencies.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2023

Submerged floating tunnels must be connected to the ground to connect continents. The displacement imbalance at the shore connection between the underground bored tunnel and submerged floating tunnel can cause stress concentration, accompanying a fracture at the shore connection. The elastic joint has been proposed as a method to relive the stress concentration, however, the effect of the elastic joints on the dynamic behavior should be evaluated. In this study, the submerged floating tunnel and shore connection under dynamic load conditions were simulated through numerical analysis using a numerical model verified through a small-scaled physical model test. The resonant frequency was considered as a dynamic behavioral characteristic of the tunnel under the impact load, and it was confirmed that the stiffness of the elastic joint and the resonant frequency exhibit a power function relationship. When the shore connection is designed with a soft joint, the resonant frequency of the tunnel is reduced, which not only increases the risk of resonance in the marine environment where a dynamic load of low frequency is applied, but also greatly increases the maximum velocity of tunnel when resonance occurs.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.173-178
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• 2023

As Korean literature spreads around the world, its position in the overseas publishing market has become important. As demand in the overseas publishing market continues to grow, it is essential to predict future book sales and analyze the characteristics of books that have been highly favored by overseas readers in the past. In this study, we proposed ensemble learning based prediction model and analyzed characteristics of the cumulative sales of more than 5,000 copies classified as good sellers published overseas over the past 5 years. We applied the five ensemble learning models, i.e., XGBoost, Gradient Boosting, Adaboost, LightGBM, and Random Forest, and compared them with other machine learning algorithms, i.e., Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, and Deep Learning. Our experimental results showed that the ensemble algorithm outperforms other approaches in troubleshooting imbalanced data. In particular, the LightGBM model obtained an AUC value of 99.86% which is the best prediction performance. Among the features used for prediction, the most important feature is the author's number of overseas publications, and the second important feature is publication in countries with the largest publication market size. The number of evaluation participants is also an important feature. In addition, text mining was performed on the four book reviews that sold the most among good-selling books. Many reviews were interested in stories, characters, and writers and it seems that support for translation is needed as many of the keywords of "translation" appear in low-rated reviews.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.171-190
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• 2022

This study aims to examine the current status of managing elementary school libraries in Busan and suggest the ways to improve it with the viewpoint of 'the five laws of library science'. The scope of study was set as the elementary school libraries in Busan, and the operation status of 304 elementary school libraries was analyzed. And for in-depth investigation, D elementary school library was examined as a case. The operation status of elementary school libraries in Busan was analyzed with the analysis elements; existence of school library, placement of teacher librarian, library collection, annual use, budget, and library seats for 6 years from 2016 to 2021. As a result, especially the placement rate of full-time teacher librarians was only 10.5%, indicating that the problem of manpower shortage was serious. As case study, the current state of managing D elementary school library was deeply investigated with perspectives of the first law and the third law of library science among Ranganathan's five laws of library science. With the first law, the investigation was divided into the aspects of open-shelf system, library location, library hours, furniture, and staff. With the third law, the investigation was done as the aspects of shelf arrangement, catalog, extended service, book selection. Especially, books with more than 50 copies for the program of reading one book each semester accounted for 4.8% of the total collection, showing the problem of unbalanced collection. As the result of this study, 'expanding the placement of teacher librarians', 'making better reading environment through remodeling', and 'balanced collection development' were suggested as the ways of developing school libraries.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.290-300
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• 2023

This study was understood the risk mechanism of falls in the elderly and reviewed previous research data to see if the principle of Pilates rehabilitation exercise could have a positive effect on balance ability and postural stabilization in the elderly, and the purpose of this study is to present literature-based data on the fall prevention effect of rehabilitation Pilates exercise. First, the rehabilitation Pilates exercise makes it available for strengthening the center of the body to stabilize the spine and pelvis and stimulates the nerve root, thereby having an effect on the balance and the joint stabilization. Second, a proprioceptive sensory impairment and a musculoskeletal degenerative disease due to aging increase the loss of balance ability and the instability in posture maintenance, thereby coming to raise the risk of a fall damage caused by the difficulty in performing motor functions and by the gait disturbance. Third, the rehabilitation Pilates exercise leads to improving the core muscle strength in older adults, resulting in being capable of expecting the betterment in the balance and the reaction time motor function. And there is a positive impact on the improvement in body imbalance and on the stability in movement involved in the fall prevention, resulting in being able to suggest the possibility of likely contributing to a reduction in a fall risk rate. In conclusion, the rehabilitation Pilates as the elderly exercise program showed effects on the improvement in the body's muscular strength, on the upgrade in a sense of balance, and on the stabilization of core. Thus, it was considered to diminish the risk factors for a fall damage caused by musculoskeletal degeneration and to be capable of preventing a serious disorder of activity due to a chronic senile disease.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.15-39
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• 2016

Over the past couple of decades, we can see the emergence of a new lex mercatoria. It consists of international conventions or treaty, model laws and international principles. And such new lex mercatoria is driven by the international institutions such as UNCITRAL, UNIDROIT and ICC. The international convention and international principles in the field of international commercial transaction are considered : UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods(CISG) and The UNIDROIT Principles(PICC Principles). The former is the statue law for the latter, and the latter sometimes supports the former as an interpretation and supplementation of CISG. So, the purpose of this article is to evaluate and investigate the current status of CISG and PICC Principles in terms of application and interpretation principles. The results are as follows. First, PICC are used for the interpretation and supplementation of international law such as CISG, but CISG is a law, not a rule. Second, CISG and PICC Principles are not often chosen when parties chose the law governing their contract. The parties very often chose a national law ; the number of the parties choosing CISG and PICC Principles as a governing law was very low.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2015

As childhood obesity and nutrition imbalance emerge as social issues in South Korea today, the development of education materials on diets and nutrition has become important and has been attempted in diverse ways. The present study was conducted on early elementary school students with the objective of establishing directions for the design of personalized nutrition education materials that can promote a proper, balanced diet for children through application in daily life of knowledge acquired from self-learning linked to nutrition education that is taking place in their schools. For this purpose, a review of previous theoretical literature on nutrition education for early elementary students was performed. Survey questions were formulated based on the advice of field experts in medicine, education, and design and the survey was conducted among 110 children from 1st and 2nd grade in two elementary schools, one in Seoul and the other in Changwon. The results obtained from the user evaluation suggested that the early elementary school students showed positive reaction to nutrition education, had preference for the type of learning using multimedia-based contents and quiz activities, were willing to learn about calorie-adjusted meals, preferred the Gothic typeface and orange and green colors. Furthermore, they showed positive opinion on the use of numerical surveying method and pictorial style similar to actual appearance in connection with nutrition-related information representation. and preferences regarding learning styles and design elements