• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.323-328
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• 1998

This study was to investigate regularity of breakfast and food habits of commuting local college students. The regularly breakfast eating rate was found to be 32.9% in man and 26.5% in woman. The mean score of food habits was pretty low, 36.7 out of minimum possible score 12 and maximum 60. The mean score of nutrition attitude was 58.1 out of minimum possible score 18 and maximum 90. This survey showed that skipping breakfast or irregularity of breakfast led to overeating, high fat diet, lot of alcohol and imbalanced diet. It was known that breakfast was the most important among three meals. But having balanced breakfast daily was very difficult according to loss of appetite and busy schedule early in the morning. I suggested carbohydrate food, protein food, and vitamin & mineral food items desirable for nutritionally balanced, easily digestible, tasteful, quick and easily cooking breakfast menu. It was recommended to choose on item out of each of three food categories considering calory(1/3 of daily recommended calory intake for breakfast).

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 1990

As a part of studies on potassium(K) behavior in grassland with respect to magnesium(Mg) balance of ruminants, seasonal variation of K and Mg contents of forages including native gasses grown in grazing pasture and meadow were investigated. During an experimental period from April to October of 1984, two times of grazings were carried out in the orchardgrass (Dacfylis glomerata L.) and the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)dominant grazing pastures, and forage plants (forages and native grasses) were sampled monthly and also K and Mg contents were determined without separating into individual plant species (Experiment 1). All the plant species grown in the two meadows which situated in the grazing pastures were harvested five times during the same period, separated into individual plant species, and botanical composition (SDR, ) and K and Mg contents of the plant species were determined (Experiment 2). The results obtained were as follows: 1. During the experimental period in the orchardgrass grazing pasture K contents of the forage plants were the highest in spring, and the seasonal variation of the contents in the orchardgrass pasture (1.5-5.8 % in a dry matter basis) was more significant than that of forage plants in the tall fescue grazing pasture (3.0- 3.8 %). 2. The Mg contents of forage plants in the orchardgrass grazing pasture ranged under 2.0 mg/g DW from Arpil until July, and the contents in the orchardgrass pasture (1.5-3.1 mg/g DW) was in the lower range than that of forage plants in the tall fescue pasture (2.0-3.8 mg/g DW). (Experiment I). 3. Orchardgrass was the dominant species in the orchardgrass meadow until July, but several species of native grasses were observed from summer (July) and native grasses such as Digitaria adscendens and Echinochlw crus-galli became dominant in autumn (October). 4. Seasonal variation of K contents of orchardgrass was in the range of 3.9-5.9 %, and the contents was higher in spring (May) and in autumn (October). The variation of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) was in the range of 3.6-5.0 %, that of tall fescue 3.8-4.8 %, and that of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) 2.7-3.5 %, respectively. 5 . Seasonal variation of Mg content of white clover was in the range of 2.9-3.7 mg, that of tall fescue 2.0- 3.3 mg, and that of orchardgrass 1.6-2.8 mg/g DW, respectively. The variation of the contents of Italian ryegrass was in the range of 1.3-1.9 mg/g DW. And Mg contents of the forage plants were higher in summer(July) 6. In autumn (October and November ) native grasses such as D. adscendens and E. crus-galli contained lower K contents (1.7-3.9 %), but higher Mg contents (3.2-10.1 mg/g DW) than the forages contained. (Experiment 2) From the results above, it is known that K contents ranged higher in younger forages in viewpoint of growth stage and higher in spring and autumn, and that Mg contents ranged lower in spring. Therefore, the mineral imbalance or hypomagnesaemic (grass) tetany can be triggered in spring or autumn, and more frequently by such plant species as orchardgrass and Italian ryegrass with lower Mg and/or higher K contents than by tall fescue. And it is suggested that the dominant native grasses in autumn such as D. adscendens and E. emsgalli can contribute to the prevention of the tetany with higher Mg and lower K contents.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.651-665
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• 2003

To reduce cache misses emerges as the most important issue in today's situation of main memory databases, in which CPU speeds have been increasing at 60% per year, and memory speeds at 10% per year. Recent researches have demonstrated that cache-conscious index structure such as the CR-tree outperforms the R-tree variants. Its search performance can be poor than the original R-tree, however, since it uses a lossy compression scheme. In this paper, we propose alternatively a cache-conscious version of the R-tree, which we call MR-tree. The MR-tree propagates node splits upward only if one of the internal nodes on the insertion path has empty room. Thus, the internal nodes of the MR-tree are almost 100% full. In case there is no empty room on the insertion path, a newly-created leaf simply becomes a child of the split leaf. The height of the MR-tree increases according to the sequence of inserting objects. Thus, the HeightBalance algorithm is executed when unbalanced heights of child nodes are detected. Additionally, we also propose the CCMR-tree in order to build a more cache-conscious MR-tree. Our experimental and analytical study shows that the two-dimensional MR-tree performs search up to 2.4times faster than the ordinary R-tree while maintaining slightly better update performance and using similar memory space.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.293-303
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• 2014

The mobile game market is fast growing after the Kakao game launched. Especially, the market is placed at the second highest by occupying 33.1% of the market. However, the rate of the total sales amount is only 6%, showing quite an imbalance between the market occupancy and the sales amount. This means that the profit-making models are not stabilized yet in the mobile game market. The absence of profit-making models can be ascertained by the relationship of DAU and sales ranking. There are several games which are ranked at DAU Top10 among Google free games, but not ranked at top 10 among sales amounts. On the other hand, there are several games which are low in DAU ranking but high in sales amount ranking. This result shows that there is no direct interrelation between the product attractiveness which users feel and the profit-making models in the market. This study compared the Google play free games which are ranked at top 10 in terms of DAU ranking and sales amount ranking to find out the factor which causes the imbalance between the DAU ranking and sales amount ranking. Based on this outcome, this study presents the reference point for the design of profit-making models on behalf of the manufacturers who wish to launch into the mobile game market in the future.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.241-249
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• 2005

Herein, two patients of acute toxic hepatitis occurred to persons had eaten Aplysia kurodai and their eggs. The authors report 2 patients of acute toxic hepatitis with reviews of the clinical features. One patient had gathered Aplysia kurodai and it's eggs from Ulleungdo sea shore on May 17, 2003. He ate with boiling the eggs. This patient developed acute toxic hepatitis and symptoms of aplysianin poisoning, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and watery diarrhea about 10 and half hours after ingestion. The other patient had gathered Aplysia kurodai and its egg from Ulleungdo sea shore on 16 May 2004, which were consumed without boiling the eggs. This patient developed acute toxic hepatitis and symptoms of aplysianin poisoning, such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and watery diarrhea, about 10 and half hours after ingestion. This patient complained of jaundice and pruritus, about 10 days after ingestion. The 2 patients all improved within 15~25 days with conservative treatment. This is the first significant report of acute toxic hepatitis caused by aplysianin poisoning following the consumption of Aplysia kurodai and their eggs in Korea. The clinical features, management and preventive counterplan of acute toxic hepatitis caused by aplysianin poisoning are also presented.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

With rapid growing of the Northeastern Asia, the interest for the connection of Infrastructure that was behind of interesting until now is getting larger. In a line of same connection, UN-ESCAP are forwarding transcontinental railway project, asian highway project et al.. And this study aimed at analysis on the effect that extended to a space by Korea-Japan undersea tunnel project. In aspect of a national land balanced-development to solve various problems such as overcrowding in capital region, unbalanced state by regions, weak exchange between South and North Korea, and weakness of national land basis to prepare for unification et al., this study consulted the economic potentiality model as a analysis method to examine an effect. In this analysis, I used 24 scenarios including all cases by combination of 3 scenarios for Korea-Japan undersea tunnel, 4 scenarios for transportation modes in the section of undersea tunnel, and 2 scenarios for adjacency infrastructure. Transportation modes in the section of undersea tunnel are railway, car-train, mixing way of railway and car-train, and mixing way of road and railway. Adjacency infrastructure applied railway and road. In all scenarios, Korea showed higher growth potentiality than Japan. Also, proposal plan C route relatively showed better in national land balanced-development than other proposal plans. The growth potentiality relatively appeared higher by buildup of a connection together with non-capital regions from the construction of Korea-Japan undersea tunnel. In aspect of Northeastern Asia, it resulted in a increasing of trade and chance of network formation in the region of Asia through infrastructure connection. But, in considering passenger and various factors that extended to the economic growth, this analysis have some limitation. Therefore, I hope that deep studies will continuously perform with various factors.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.384-394
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• 2008

A wireless router is a device which allows several wireless clients to share an internet line using NAT (Network Address Translation). In a school or a small office environment where many clients use multiple wireless routers, a client may select anyone of wireless routers so that most clients can be clustered to a small set of the wireless routers. In such a case, there exists load unbalancing problem between clients and wireless routers. One of its result is that clients using the busiest router get poor service. The other is that the resource utilization of the whole wireless routers becomes very low. In order to resolve the problems, we propose a load sharing scheme to maximize network bandwidth utilization based on multiple SSID. In a time internal, the proposed scheme keeps to show the available bandwidth information of all the possible wireless routers to clients through multiple SSID. A new client can select the most available band with router. This scheme allows to achieve a good load balancing between clients and routers in terms of bandwidth utilization. We implemented the proposed scheme with ASUS WL 500G wireless router and performed experiments. Experimental results show the bandwidth utilization improvement compared to the existing method.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.367-375
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• 2009

Recently, more focus is shift to imbalances in aggregate market supply and demand and an exhaustion of natural resources. In this situation, Electric arc furnace oxidizing slag (EAF slag) has high application possibility as aggregate for concrete due to similar property with general aggregate. However, it is inherent the problem which causes pop-out by free-CaO contained in slag In this study, we've got the plan to assure the chemical stability of EAF slag, and then experimentally tested the mechanical performance and durability for the fine aggregate used EAF slag. On this test result, we suggest the application plan. At the result of this study, it shows that EAF slag would reduce the surface defect such as pop-out due to natural aging for the fixed hour and adjustment the grain size of EAF slag. And mechanical performance and durability according to the replacement rate of concrete service, were revealed more than equal or equal compare to general aggregate. Hereafter, quality control must precede not to impede the beauty of concrete surface as assure the safety for aging and processing. And, to establish the environmental resource recycling system for by-products of steel, it should be made development of various application and guideline of quality control for the EAF slag aggregate. Moreover, it must be constantly studied all kind of engineering performance and durability for related to this study.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-41
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• 2008

In general, flat plate systems have been used as a gravity load resisting system (GLRS) in building. Thus, this system should be constructed with lateral force resisting system (LFRS) such as shear walls and brace frames. GLRS should retain the ability to undergo the lateral drift associated with the LFRS without loss of gravity load carrying capacity. And flat plate system can be designed LFRS as ordinary moment frame with the special details. Thus, flat plate system designed as GLRS or LFRS should be considered internal forces (e.g., unbalanced moments) and lateral deformation generated in vicinity of slab joints render the system more susceptible to punching shear. ACI 318 (2005) allows the direct design method, equivalent frame method under gravity loads and allows the finite-element models, effective beam width models, and equivalent frame models under lateral loads. These analysis methods can produce widely different result, and each has advantage and disadvantages. Thus, it is sometimes difficult for a designer to select an appropriate analysis method and interpret the results for design purposes. This study is to help designer selecting analysis method for flat plate system and to verify practicality of the modified equivalent frame method under lateral loads. This study compared internal force and drift obtained from frame methods with those obtained from finite element method under gravity and lateral loads. For this purposes, 7 story building is considered. Also, the accuracy of these models is verified by comparing analysis results using frame methods with published experimental results of NRC slab.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.54-55
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• 2003

해수관상용으로 그 인기도가 높은 상어류는 모두가 자연에서 채집된 후 관람용 대형수조 또는 개인용 소형수조 내에서 순치 후 관상용으로 사육되고 있다. 그러나, 자연에서 채집된 대부분의 개체는 인위적인 수조 시설 내에서의 생활에 적응하는데 실패하여 결국 거의 대부분의 개체가 짧은 기간 내에 사망하게 된다. 따라서 이 연구는 인공 종묘 생산 시설에서 해수 관상용 상어류의 종묘 확보를 목적으로 실시하였다. 우리나라 제주 연안에서 채집이 비교적 용이한 까치상어 Triakis scyllium와 별상어 Cynias manazo 2종의 상어 친어를 확보하여 인공 사육 시설에서 사육하면서 수조 내에서의 자연 교미와 자연 산란에 성공하였다. 친어와 치상어의 사육관리는 자연해수를 사용하여 15~40ton 크기의 콘크리트 수조에서 사육하면서 전갱이와 같은 생사료 또는 전갱이와 어분을 주성분으로 하는 습사료를 만들어 1일 1회 급이하였다. 까치상어의 인공 종묘는 수 차례의 사산을 거듭한 끝에 2003년 5월 18일과 6월 8일 두 차례에 걸쳐서 매우 활력이 좋은 상태의 치어가 출산하였다. 별상어도 수 차례의 사산을 거듭한 끝에 2003년 5월 25일 건강한 상태의 치어를 출산시키는데 성공하였다. 지금까지 산출된 까치상어의 출산시 평균 전장은 25.70$\pm$0.88cm 평균 체중은 58.32$\pm$4.86g이었으며, 별상어의 출산시 치어의 평균 전장은 27.26$\pm$0.57cm였고 평균 체중은 55.32$\pm$1.69g로 두 종 상어의 평균 전장과 평균 체중은 유사한 경향을 보였다. 그러나, 산출 후 사육 관리 과정에서 관찰된 까치상어와 별상어의 월간 성장 중 전장을 비교한 결과, 까치상어는 1개월 전 대비 15.06%의 성장을 보였으나, 별상어는 3.15%의 성장을 보여 까치상어 보다는 별상어의 길이 성장이 느린 것을 알 수 있었다. 까치상어와 별상어의 월간 성장 중 체중을 비교한 결과에서도 까치상어는 1개월 전 대비 34.11%의 성장을 보였으나, 별상어는 2.25%의 성장을 보여 까치상어 보다는 별상어의 체중 성장이 매우 느린 것을 알 수 있었다. 출산 관리중인 까치상어와 별상어 치어의 성비를 조사한 결과, 까치상어는 ♀:♂=1:1.28, 별상어는 ♀:♂=1:2.50으로 별상어의 암 수 성비가 매우 불균형한 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 까치상어와 별상어의 암ㆍ수간 성장 차이를 조사한 결과, 까치상어와 별상어의 암ㆍ수간 성장 (전장, 체장 및 체중)에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 현재, 인공 사육 시설에서 관리중인 까치상어는 64마리이며 별상어는 7마리이다. 결국 소형의 수족관내에서 해수 관상어로서 사육하기 위한 조건으로서 너무 급격한 성장을 하는 어종인 경우에는 관상 기간이 짧아져 조기 폐기하여야 하는 단점을 감안하면 까치상어 보다는 별상어의 관상가치가 높을 것으로 판단되며, 반대로 대형 관람용 수족관의 경우에서는 별상어 보다 성장이 빠르고 운동력이 활발한 까치상어를 전시관람용으로 이용할 경우 전시효과가 높을 것으로 판단된다.