• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.307-307
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• 2022

최근 기후변화와 댐 상류 토지이용 변화 등과 같은 다양한 원인에 의해 댐 유입량의 변동성이 증가하면서 댐 관리 및 운영조작 의사 결정에 어려움이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 이러한 댐 유입량의 변동 특성을 반영하여 댐 유입량을 정확하고 효율적으로 예측할 수 있는 방안이 필요한 실정이다. 머신러닝 기술이 발전하면서 Auto-ML(Automated Machine Learning)이 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. Auto-ML은 데이터 전처리, 최적 알고리즘 선택, 하이퍼파라미터 튜닝, 모델 학습 및 평가 등의 모든 과정을 자동화하는 기술이다. 그러나 아직까지 수문 분야에서 댐 유입량을 예측하기 위한 모델을 개발하는데 있어서 Auto-ML을 활용한 사례는 부족하고, 특히 댐 유입량의 예측 정확성을 확보하기 위해 High-inflow and low-inflow 의 변동 특성을 고려한 하이브리드 결합 방식을 통해 Auto-ML 기반 앙상블 모델을 개발하고 평가한 연구는 없다. 본 연구에서는 Auto-ML의 패키지 중 Auto-sklearn을 통해 홍수기, 비홍수기 유입량 변동 특성을 반영한 하이브리드 앙상블 댐 유입량 예측 모델을 개발하였다. 소양강댐을 대상으로 적용한 결과, 하이브리드 Auto-sklearn 앙상블 모델의 댐 유입량 예측 성능은 R² 0.868, RMSE 66.23 m³/s, MAE 16.45 m³/s로 단일 Auto-sklearn을 통해 구축 된 앙상블 모델보다 전반적으로 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 FDC (Flow Duration Curve)의 저수기, 갈수기 구간에서 두 모델의 유입량 예측 경향은 큰 차이를 보였으며, 하이브리드 Auto-sklearn 모델의 예측 값이 관측 값과 더욱 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 홍수기, 비홍수기 구간에 대한 앙상블 모델이 독립적으로 구축되는 과정에서 각 모델에 대한 하이퍼파라미터가 최적화되었기 때문이라 판단된다. 향후 본 연구의 방법론은 보다 정확한 댐 유입량 예측 자료를 생성하기 위한 방안 수립뿐만 아니라 다양한 분야의 불균형한 데이터셋을 이용한 앙상블 모델을 구축하는데도 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Issues in Feminism
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.69-103
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• 2012

By reviewing relatively recent theory of coercive control, which considers gender as a key concept to conceptualize domestic violence, this article explores battered women's experiences with police responses and institutional law enforcement. Using data and interviews from Korea Women's Hotline, this article analyzes the effects of state intervention which fails to support battered women and sends a message to the community that domestic violence is not such a serious crime. Specifically, this study found some problematic responses and attitudes of police and legal system: first, police is equating domestic violence with physical attacks or serious harms. Second, police and law enforcement personnel blame victims based on her gender performance or gender roles. Third, by individualizing the problem of domestic violence, state intervention ignores important structural factors that cause and perpetuate it. Finally, police and the justice system disempower and discourage battered women by exacerbating victim's fears and risks. Viewing domestic violence as a liberty crime, this study concludes that enhanced understanding of the nature of domestic violence only can contribute to solving the problem and protecting women's human rights.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.157-185
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• 2021

The place of local tax payment has a realistic meaning in determining the jurisdiction of local taxation. In deciding where to pay tax, the benefit principle, beyond the convenience of tax payment and the efficiency of tax collection, should be considered as the core criteria. The benefit principle seems to be well reflected in the payment place of most local taxes. However, in the case of the Local Income Tax that shares the tax base with the Income Tax, the payment places for business income and capital gains of real estate need to be changed from the place of residence to of business and real estate. Since the benefits of local governments' public services contribute to generating income through various activities such as working or conducting business, it is necessary to ensure that taxation is carried out in the benefit areas where such income activities are conducted. This reform seems to alleviate the tax imbalance among local governments to some extent, and certain positive effects are expected in the areas of tax payment and collection.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2009

The misery index is the sum of the inflation rate and the unemployment rate. The higher the index, the lower the performance of the national economy. Lee and Cheong (2007) propose that the open misery index, defined to be the sum of the misery index and the ratio of current account to GDP, properly measure the economic performance of a national economy when its degree of openness is large. This paper shows that the periods of rising open misery index of the USA coincide with those of economic hardship in the USA. Most recently, the open misery index of the USA has shown a rising trend for a decade prior to the current economic crisis. That is, external and internal imbalances of the USA have accumulated for a decade prior to the current economic crisis. We interpret the recent rising trend of the open misery index of the USA as a precursor of the current economic crisis.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2011

Remarkable development of sand bars is an important characteristic of fluviatile landform of Korea. Their development owes, in one part, to the supply of abundant sandy materials to river valley floor, originated from the weathering of essentially granitic rocks, distributed almost all over the country. It owes, in other part, to river valley disposition presenting many angular sinuosity guided by fracture grid, impeding regular migration of sandy materials along valley floor. Besides, high amplitude of river discharge fluctuation of the country plays is proved to be favorable hydrological factor for the development of the sand bars. The sand bars play important roles in favor of river hydro-ecological environment. They mitigate the amplitude of discharge fluctuation regime. In flood spell, sand grains in the main channel migrate so as to broden wet section. At the spell of low water level, they newly accumulate as to impede rapid stream discharge. Especially high quantity of reserved water in porous space of sand bar is preciously available both for human livelihood and for ecological environment.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-29
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• 2019

This paper examines the impact of a dual labor market structure on labor productivity using unbalanced panel data from 29 OECD member countries between 1990 and 2015. By applying a variety of regression models on the panel data (e.g., a pooled regression, a fixed effects model and a GMM), we explore how changes in worker-type composition among temporary, permanent and self-employed workers contribute to productivity growth. While it appears that our results differ slightly, depending on the econometric models, overall an increase in the share of permanent workers leads to a relatively higher increase in productivity growth. On the other hand, it is also seen that the effects of the share of temporary workers on labor productivity are considerably lower than that of permanent and self-employed workers. To sum it up, our findings indicate that an increase in temporary workers could have an adverse effect on labor productivity.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.51-58
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• 2023

Blockchains have recently struggled to design for the ideal distributed trust networks by solving scalability trilemma. However, local conflicts between some countries lead to imbalance on energy distribution. Besides, blockchain networks (e.g., Bitcoin) currently consume enormous energy for transaction and mining. The existing data volume based trust model evaluated an increasing blockchain size better than Lubin's trust model in scalability trilemma. In this paper, we propose a scalability based energy model to evaluate sustainability for blockchain networks, considering energy consumption for transaction, time duration, and the blockchain size of growing blockchain networks. Through the rigorous numerical analysis, we compare the proposed scalability based energy model with the existing model for the satisfaction and optimal blockchain size. Thus, the scalability based energy model will provide an assessment tool to choose the proper blockchain networks to solve scalability trilemma problem and prove sustainability.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.177-195
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• 2020

This paper discusses the reasons why a disparity in commitment to charitable giving exists between two regions : the East and the West. In explaining the regional difference, this paper particularly focuses on the social, economic, and political factors forming the trend?for instance, Asians' deep-rooted distrust in charity foundations and the lack of government policies incentivizing philanthropic giving in Asia. After analyzing why and how significantly Asia lags behind in charity compared to other parts of the globe, the paper proves that "creative destruction" is needed in the Asian philanthropy market. Additionally, this paper shows that it is an opportune time for an innovative start-up to introduce a new form of technology, an easy-to-access application with registered partnership foundations, thereby introducing creative destruction in the culture of charity in Asia. This paper finally examines the obstacles this start-up may face as it tries to grow into a monopoly and the socio-political implications it may bring to the world.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.209-232
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• 2023

This study aims to estimate the export performance factors of Korean Steel Products to the EU and the expected changes in exports according to the CBAM(Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism). the factors influencing the export performance of Korean Steel Products to the EU were analyzed using a Gravity Model, and the expected export amount in the case of a Carbon Tax was calculated assuming that the CBAM would be implemented in 2026, As a result, it was empirically analyzed that economic growth, population growth, exchange rate and manufacturing production index of each EU country have a positive effect on exports in Korea, and it was analyzed that the effects of the single market and system due to the EU's economic community were also helpful in increasing exports but the Carbon Tax is imposed in 2026, reducing Korea's steel exports by about -3.6% to -5.7%

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.136-139
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• 2024

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome that causes various complications due to the release of substances from muscle cells, often associated with preceding infectious diseases. We report the case of a 7-year-old Korean boy with recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, presenting with fever, chills, and generalized body aches, diagnosed as rhabdomyolysis. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review with the aim of delineating the disease spectrum, treatment, and outcomes. We identified seven reports that met the inclusion criteria. Among the cases, 5 had fever, with creatine kinase levels ranging from 3,717 and 274,664 IU/L. Two individuals received treatment in intensive care unit, 2 underwent renal replacement therapy, and 1 case has deceased. For children with coronavirus disease 2019 infection and muscle pain, a thorough examination of urine color and an assessment of muscle enzymes through blood tests can help diagnose and treat rhabdomyolysis, a condition that might otherwise be overlooked.