• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.209-218
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• 1994

This study aims to generate triangulated irregular network in a form of digital terrain model which is being increasingly used. In general, grid digital elevation model and triangulated irregular network are reasonable units for solving terrain problems. But, triangulated irregular network is an efficient alternative to grid digital elevation model because of their efficiency in storing data and their convenient data structure for accommodating irregularly spaced elevation data. Various methods represented for extracting triangulated irregular networks from grid digital elevation model, and then algorithm that get accurate results for triangulation with their data set was introduced. The new approach for triangulation in this study uses the Elevation and Changeable Distance criterion, and adding interpolation points and restricted constraint lines can generate triangulated irregular network which is more close to real surface. This made database efficient construction and could be used for many applications of geo-spatial information system.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.11 no.1 s.24
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• pp.77-82
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• 2003

Geographic information system extends several teamed circles so for and took in application step. Specially, GIS is applying much in civil engineering works field, and is trying to express terrain numerically and look for true value. It is very important that express terrain, can become important parameter to do three-dimensional analysis in later. We are using irregularity triangulation network mainly to express these terrain. In this study, calculated volume of topography by irregularity triangulation by developed formula.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.601-603
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• 1999

대부분의 다면체 모델 데이터의 표면과 지리 정보 시스템을 위한 지형 데이터는 삼각 분할을 통하여 만들어진 불규칙 삼각형 네트웍(Triangulated Irregular Network:TIN) 구조를 가지고 있다. 대용량 TIN 데이터를 그래픽스 시스템에서 빠르게 시각화 하는데는 많은 어려움이 있으므로, 일반적으로 TIN 데이터의 특징을 이용하여 압축된 데이터를 이용한다. 그러나 압축한 TIN 데이터는 부분적인 수정과 같은 연산을 수행하기 위하여 전체 데이터를 디코딩하고 다시 인코딩하는 과정을 반복하여 수행하므로 이같은 연산이 자주 발생하는 응용분야에는 부적합하다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제의 해결방안으로 삼각형 메쉬를 삼각형 스트립으로 재구성 한 후에 이 삼각형 스트립을 정점 체인과 각 정점의 차수 정보를 이용하는 저장하는 압축 알고리즘과 함께 이 알고리즘이 부분적인 불규칙 삼각망 수정에 유용하게 적용될 수 있음을 제시한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 각각의 정점 체인이 독립적으로 인코딩 가능하므로 불규칙 삼각망 정보를 수정할 경우 최소한의 인코딩과 디코딩으로 불규칙 삼각망을 수정할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.5 no.2 s.10
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• pp.77-85
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• 1997

Researches in the field of Computer Graphics and Geographical Information Systems(GIS) have extensively studied the method of photo-realistic landscape modelling, because it have become a commom requirement in applications such as flight simulators, mission rehearsal, and construction planning. A common approach to the display of terrain uses a Digital Elevation Model(DEM). DEM is an evenly spaced array of the terrain elevation data and can be obtained from stereo satellite data. With the DEM data, the process of 3D terrain modelling consists of three steps. The first step is to extract the meaningful data (such as peak, pit, passes...) from DEM data based on LOD(Level Of Detail) criteria. The second is to construct the 3D surface by TIN, which represents a surface as a set of non-overlapping continuous triangular facets of irregular size and shape. The third is a rendering of 3D terrain model. The goal of this research is a construction of 3D terrain with TIN. To do this, we are going to app]y Radial Sweep Algorithm. Radial Sweep Algorithm for generating TIN works quickly and efficiently. However, it does not solve the problem caused by the approximated nature of triangulated surface. To solve this problem, this research derive improved radial sweep algorithms with the optimal triangle definition.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.457-464
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• 2003

Triangulated irregular network is one of the most frequently used terrain modeling methods. It represents terrain precisely using only a small amount of data, and enables fast rendering of terrain. In this paper, ridges and valleys are extracted from the terrain, and used as a set of vertices for the construction of triangulated irregular network. An experiment shows the new method reduces the time for construction of the triangulated irregular network significantly with almost equal amount of induced error.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.1 s.23
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• pp.65-72
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• 2005

The 3D objects far representing artificial element in building project can be easily organized in 4D system. However, the civil engineering projects need a composing technology of irregular triangulate network because the projects generally include earthwork of large scale that consists of cutting, filling, and excavating work. It Is very difficult to represent earthwork status as 3D object type because the earthwork in highway or railway projects is being progressed on the natural geographical features. That is, a composing technology of irregular triangulate networks necessary function to simulate natural site condition as 3D object in 4D system. This study suggests a new composing technology of irregular triangulate network that 3D objects can be automatically generated by attribute in each layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.261-269
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• 2006

There is a need to restore the terrain back its natural environment after mining development. It is necessary to compare the original and developing surfaces for post-management and to analyze the terrain change to develop a process for efficient restoration plan. This study analyzes and compares change to the terrain by annual mining development using GIS. Contours digitized with CAD based on photogrammetry are classified into annual data and created by Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN). By producing profiles and cross sections using TIN, many stations are distinguished. As a result of the terrain changes caused by mining development from 2000 to 2003 by operating elevation values each cell converted to raster from TIN, $11,094,460m^3$ are cut and $5,127,968m^3$ are filled up to 46% of cut volume, and annual surface changes of cut and fill area to mining are analyzed to visual and quantitative data. This study is used for the restoration plan and additional mining. And it is expected that this annual change, caused by mining development, can be used to return the terrain close to its original condition for finished mining area.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2003

TIN is applied in pondage calculation and topography analysis. And much processing time and storage capacity are needed because TIN contains information as elevation, slope and aspect. In the construction of TIN using contour, weed tolerance that is used for the simplification of line is influenced on the sampling distance of contour. The processing time and storage capacity of TIN are calculated in according to the weed tolerance of various size in this research. And we estimated OEMs standard error that is created from TIN to present reasonable weed tolerance and decided the size of weed tolerance that satisfy DEM standard error. We got TINs weed tolerance that satisfy DEM standard error(5m) was 70m and DEMs resolution is 20m as estimation result.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.133-141
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• 1998

Terrain modelling is composed of a method using the rectangular grid and another using the triangulated irregular network. The method using the triangulated irregular network is most widely used because it can express the characteristics of the terrain well with only a small amount of information on the terrain and also reduces the rendering time. The process of extracting the surface-specific point and a triangular process is needed to construct such triangulated irregular network. This paper concentrates on the process of extracting the surface-specific point. The 8-direction neighborhood method and other transformed methods of the former method are frequently used to extract the surface-specific point. Another method which eliminates the unnecessary points using the Polygon reduction method is also suggested However, the 8-direction neighborhood method has a big fault of also drawing out some unnecessary points. To resolve such problem, we suggest a method of extracting the surface-specific point using the cross section of the terrain. This method reduces the time to extract the surface-specific point and enables a more precise extraction with less terrain information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.251-260
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• 2005

The Development of CCD has contributed to great advancement in mapping technology with giving benefits to research community of photogrammetry. The purpose of this paper is to find the best selection of interpolation method for creating a terrain model form close range digital photogrammetry. T-test as a kind of statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the similarity of hydraulic model with close range digital photogrammetry and trigonometric leveling. Also, many interpolation methods such as inverse distance, kriging, nearest neighbor and TIN about the hydraulic model interpolation were conducted to compare the results for computer to display actual terrain an optimum interpolation of the digital elevation model form close range digital photogrammetry. The results revealed that kriging and TIN interpolation were efficient methods to judge the hazard interpolation law by analyzing geometric similarity of hydraulic model against hydraulic model application.