• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.38-43
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• 2010

To develop Korean native lilies as mini-potted plants, the effects of plant growth retardants on inhibiting stem elongation and improving flowering rate were evaluated. Bulblets of Lilium concolor var. parthneion (5-7 g) and L. dauricum (3-4 g fresh wt) derived from in vitro culture and then enlarged by field culture were applied with 0, 25, 50, or $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ancymidol, diniconazole, and uniconazole through bulb dipping, foliar spray, and drench. In L. concolor var. parthneion, uniconazole dipping most effectively reduced plant height by 60.7-78.3% depending on concentration compared with control without decreasing flowering percentage. In L. dauricum, dipping into diniconazole solution significantly retarded the plant height by 70.0-86.3% and improved flowering percentage by 8.3-18.2% compared to control of 0%. Drench of $25-50mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ancymidol was also effective on inhibition of stem elongation and improvement of flowering rate. Therefore, dipping into $50-100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ uniconazole solution in L. concolor var. parthneion and dipping into $25mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ diniconazole solutions or drench of $25mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ancymidol in L. dauricum can be useful to produce the mini-potted plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.32-36
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• 2019

Calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) are monocotyledonous ornamental plants which belongs to the Araceae family. After the release of elite calla cultivar, an efficient propagation system is needed for commercial use. Despite the use of conventional propagation methods such as splitting of tubers and rhizomes of calla, rapid and efficient propagation system should be developed. In order to achieve this goal, stem segments contained apical meristems derived from calla lily cultivar (cv. Gag-si) were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of cytokinin and auxin. This was aimed at inducing embryogenic calluses, shoots and multiple shoots. As a result, about 25% of induction rates of yellow embryogenic calluses were observed with MS medium containing both $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;NAA$ and $1.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$ as growth regulators. In the experiments involving the regeneration from embryogenic calluses through shoot formation, MS medium supplemented with $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;IAA$ and $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$ showed the highest rates at approximately 85 ~ 90% with regard to the formation of shoots in calla. Moreover, multiple shoots needed for rapid propagation were generated when explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;IAA$ and $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}\;BA$ with 40% of formation rate. In this study, the combination of auxin and cytokinin showed positive effects on both the induction of embryogenic calluses, the formation of shoots as well as multiple shoots in calla. The regeneration system described here can contribute to the development of breeding programs of calla in the future.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.273-277
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• 2005

Adventitious shoots were directly induced from leaf explants of R. glutinosa, an important medicinal plant. Proliferating shoot cultures were obtained by culturing leaf discs on Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium alone or combination with auxins and cytokinins. MS medium supplemented with 1 $mg/{\ell}\;BA\;and\;2\;mg/{\ell}$ IAA was the most effective, providing high shoot bud formation frequency without formation of intervening callus. The effect of leaf age on adventitious shoot formation was also investigated. The maximum shoot bud production (93.4%) was achived using 3rd leaf from apex of 6 weeks old plantlets after seed germination. Plantlet were rooted on an half-strength MS (1/2MS) medium containing 0.1 $mg/{\ell}\;IBA$. This prtocol is useful for clonal propagation and Agrobacterium-mediated transforamtion in R. glutinosa.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.210-216
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• 2013

Efficient regeneration methods and transformation system are a priority for successful application of genetic engineering to vegetative propagated plants such as grape (Vitis labrusca L.). This research is to establish shoot regeneration system from plant explants for 'Campbell Early', 'Tamnara', 'Heukgoosul', 'Heukbosek' using two types of plant growth regulators supplemented to medium. The highest adventitious shoot regeneration rate of 5% was achieved on a medium containing of Murashige and Skoog (MS) inorganic salts and Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) vitamins, 2 mg/L of TDZ and 0.1 mg/L of IBA. Leaf tissue of 'Campbell Early', was co-cultivated with Agrobacterium strains, LBA4404 containing the vector pBI121 carrying with CaMV 35S promoter, gus gene as reporter gene and resistance to kanamycin as selective agent, the other Agrobacterium strains, GV3101 containing the vector pB7 WG2D carrying with mPAP1-D gene. mPAP1-D is a regulatory genes of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. 'Campbell Early' harboring mPAP1-D gene was readily able to be selected by red color due to anthocyanin accumulation in the transformed shoot. These results might be helpful for further studies to enhance the transformation efficiency in grape.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2018

억새(Miscanthus spp.)는 우리나라 등 동아시아가 원산이며 바이오매스량이 많아 바이오에너지 원료작물로서 잠재성이 크기 때문에 2세대 바이오에탄올 생산 원료로 주목을 받고 있고, 축산깔개 및 토양개량제 등으로도 이용되고 있다. 미국과 유럽 등에서는 생태계 교란 방지를 위해 4배체 물억새(M. sacchariflorus)와 2배체 참억새(M. sinensis)의 종간 교잡 이질 3배체인 불임성 억새(M. x giganteous)을 주로 재배하고 있으나, 단일 유전형의 품종으로 병해충과 자연재해에 취약하여 다양한 억새 품종의 개발이 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구는 억새를 재료로 하여 반수체 및 배수체 확보를 통한 배수성 별 특성 평가와 함께 기내배양을 통해 탈분화 및 재분화 시스템을 구축하여 억새의 육종 효율을 높이기 위해서 실시하였다. 억새 종자로부터 캘러스의 유도는 MS배지와 N6배지에 1mg/L 2.4-D를 첨가하였을 때 비배발생 캘러스(nonembryogenic callus)가 유도되었고, N6배지에 3~5 mg/L 2,4-D를 첨가하였을 때 배발생 캘러스(embryogenic callus)가 발생하였다. MS배지보다는 N6배지에서 캘러스 유도율이 높았으며, 식물생장조절제로 2,4-D와 BA 조합처리 보다 2,4-D 단용 처리하였을 때 캘러스 유도율이 더 높았다. 억새 종에 따른 캘러스 유도율은 물억새가 25.2~49.3%, 참억새는 30.3~52.0%였고 거대억새는 62.6~81.1%로 나타났다. 억새 신초 및 줄기로부터의 캘러스 유도율은 물억새가 4.4~17.2%, 참억새는 1.8~7.7%, 거대억새는 15.3~19.9%로 나타나 종자에 비해 매우 낮았다. 미성숙화기로부터의 캘러스 유도는 억새 종에 따른 차이가 없었으며, 3mg/L 2,4-D 첨가 배지에서 캘러스 유도율이 비교적 낮았고(60~80%), 1mg/L와 5mg/L의 2,4-D가 첨가된 배지에서 캘러스 유도율이 높게(90~95%) 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.101-103
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• 2005

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 1992

The precise role of radiotherapy for low grade gliomas including the optimal radiation dose and timing of treatment remains unclear. The information given by a retrosepctive analysis may be useful in the design of prospective randomized studies looking at radiation dose and time of surgical and radiotherapeutic treatment. The records of 56 patients (M:F = 29:27) with histologically verified cerebral low grade gliomas (47 cases of grade 1 or 2 astrocytomas and 9 oligodendrogliomas) diagnosed between 1979 and 1989 were retrospectively reviewed. The extent of surgical tumor removal was gross total or radical subtotal in 38 patients ($68\%$) and partial or biopsy only in the remaining 18 patients ($32\%$). Postooperative radiation therapy was given to 36 patients ($64\%$) of the total 56 patients with minimum dose of 5000 cGy (range=1250 to 7220 cGy). The 5-and 10-year survival rates for the total 56 patients were $44\%$ and $32\%$ respectively with a median survival of 4.1 years. According to the histologic grade the 5- and 10-year survivals were $52\%$ and $35\%$ for the 24 patients respectively with grade I astrocytomas compared to $20\%$ and $10\%$ for the 23 patients with grade II astrocytomas. Survival of oligodendroglioma patients was greater than those with astrocytoma ($65\%$ vs $36\%$ at 5 years), and the difference was also remarkable in the long term period of follow up ($54\%$ vs $23\%$ at 10 years). Those who received high-dose radiation therapy ($\geq$5400 cGy) had significant better survival than those who received low-dose radiation (< 5400cGy) or surgery alone (p<0.05). The 5- and 10-year survival rates were, respectively $59\%$ and $46\%$ for the 23 patients receiving high-dose radiation, $36\%$ and $24\%$ for the 13 patients receiving low-dose radiation, and $35\%$ and $26\%$ for the 20 patients with surgery alone. Survival rates by the extent of surgical resection were similar at 5 years ($46\%$ vs $41\%$), but long term survival was quite different (p<0.01) between total/subtotal resection and partial resection/biopsy ($41\%$ and $12\%$, resepctively). Previously published studies have identified important prognostic factors in these tumor: age, extent of surgery, grade, performance status, and duration of symptoms. But in our cases statistical analysis revealed that grade I histology (p<0.025) and young age (p<0.001) were the most significant good prognostic variables.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.250-256
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• 2006

Purpose: Recently, interest in peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) has increased, although clinical studies of the effect of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ expression on gastric cancer have not been reported yet. In this study, we investigated the role of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ expression in gastric cancer patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty-eight (128) samples of both gastric cancer and normal tissues were obtained from 128 patients who had undergone at a curative gastrectomy at Seoul Medical Center from Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2005. $PPAR-{\gamma}$ expression was determined by using immunohistochemical staining, and the results were analyzed. The statistical analysis was based on clinicopathological findings and the differences in survival rates. Results: The mean age of the patients was 6n, and the male : female ratio was 1.9 : 1. $PPAR-{\gamma}$ expression was significantly higher in cancer tissues than in normal tissue (81.3% vs. 57.0%, p<0.001). There was insignificant difference between well and moderately differentiated types and poorly differentiated types in terms of the expression of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ (87.0% vs. 74.6%, P=0.074). In the univariate analysis the survival rate was significantly increased when $PPAR-{\gamma}$ was expressed in normal tissue (P=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, only the UICC TNM staging had significance related to the survival rate. Conclusion: The rate of $PPAR-{\gamma}$ expression was higher in cancer tissue than it was in normal tissue from gastric cancer patients. In the univariate analysis, $PPAR-{\gamma}$ expression in normal tissue had significance with respect to survival, but the multivariate analysis showed no such significance. Thus, we should further evaluate more cases to determine whether or not such a significance exists.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.89-93
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• 2014

Long-term subcultured rose embryogenic calluses, which had been maintained for more than 5 to 6 years since the first embryogenesis from calluses induced from in vitro roots of rose, were identified as potential material for the development of transgenic plants. The first embryogenic calluses from 'Sweet Yellow' and two breeding lines (KR056002 and KR056006) were obtained in 2007 and 2009, respectively. Subsequently, we found that plants regenerated from long-term embryogenic calluses (LEC). Whereas the LEC from 'Sweet Yellow' takes 3 to 4 months to regenerate plants, those of the two breeding lines take 4 to 5 months. This period of time is the same as that taken for plants to regenerate from the first embryogenic callus. New embryogenesis was observed from atypical bodies (ABs) that appeared during the process of long-term subculture. We found that it is possible to use the AB as a material for new embryogenesis.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2017

A callus-mediated regeneration protocol for sea-milkwort, an endangered coastal plant species in South Korea, is reported here. The explants of in vitro-plantlets generated from a node culture revealed distinguishable responses in callus induction depending on genotype, explant source, light condition, and 2,4-D concentration. Especially, continuous darkness exclusively facilitated callus induction from explants prior to other treatments. The calli initiated on the media with 2,4-D ranging from 0.1 mg/L to 3.0 mg/L in the dark vigorously proliferated when subcultured on the same media in continuous darkness. Given 1.0 mg/L zeatin in addition to darkness to the calli of the 'Pistachio' genotype, normal adventitious shoots were only regenerated from nodular structures that formed earlier from the calli at the frequency of 24.4 percent. Regenerated shoots easily grew into plantlets with roots and green color on a phytohormone-free MS medium under lighted condition, that were used for node culture as plant materials. Node culture effectively multiplied plantlets in accordance with protocol by Bae et al. (2016). Acclimatized plantlet clusters developed mature plant clusters under inland environment, followed by flowering the following April. Results were merged with node culture protocol suggested by Bae et al. (2016), which, as an in vitro propagation system for sea-milkwort, may contribute to natural habitat restoration.