• Korea and Global Affairs
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.63-88
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• 2018

The purpose of the present paper is to examine the North Korean refugee protection system and its shortcomings. Based on the findings from the analysis of legal system and status of personal protection, this paper proposes the following measures to solve the problems and improve South Korea's existing system. First of all, personal protection for North Korean refugees should be carried out in an inclusive and humanitarian manner. Secondly, the collaborative governance operating system for protecting North Korean refugees should be established. Lastly, clear guidelines for personal protection procedures should be developed to ensure personal protection officers'accountability.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.185-195
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• 2021

본 연구는 북한이탈주민의 경제적 자립과 안정적인 정착을 지원하는 하나의 방안으로서 창업을 촉진하기 위한 지원 정책과 제도 개선 방안을 제시할 목적으로 수행하였다. 정부는 현재 생활밀착형 북한이탈주민 정책 추진 기조하에 북한이탈주민의 삶의 질을 높여주는 방향으로 맞춤형 정책을 추진하고 있다. 다만, 창업지원 프로그램은 여전히 소규모로서 지원 분야를 다양화하고 예산을 증액 하는 한편, 지원 체계도 중앙-지방-민간 간 유기적으로 협업이 효율적으로 이루어지도록 개선이 필요하다. 본 연구는 북한이탈주민의 창업의지 결정요인에 대한 실증적 연구를 목적으로 하며, 북한이탈주민들에게 잔존하는 사회주의 가치체계와 이들의 사회적응성 요인을 기존 연구에서 확인되었던 개인의 성격적 특성, 경제적 지지, 자아성취욕구 요인들과 함께 분석모형에 포함하여 실증 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 하나원에서 교육 중인 18세 이상 북한이탈주민 223명을 대상으로 2019년 10월 설문조사를 통해 자료를 수집하였고, 선형회귀분석과 이분형 로지스틱 모형분석을 이용하여 실증분석을 수행하였다. 2개의 분석 모형에서 일관된 결과가 도출됨에 따라 분석결과의 강건성을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 사회주의 가치체계가 약할수록 창업의지에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠것이라는 가설은 지지되었다.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.49
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• pp.217-246
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• 2016

Most of the North Korean defectors are the socially disadvantaged, and formed the lowest class in South Korean society. Their main objectives are to achieve economic wealth. In this process, North Korean defectors have often committed the crime or have been criminal victims. The purpose of this study was to propose the effective preventive measures after analyzing the actual situation of North Korean defectors in criminal behaviors and criminal damages. This research has studied of the literature on the criminal behavior and the criminal damage by North Korean defectors, utilized the relevant statistical data, cited the news for the relevant cases, and proposed the effective preventive measures of criminal behaviors and criminal damages of North Korean defectors by doing in-depth interviews with personal protection officer First, in order to prevent criminal activity by North Korean defectors, we should uplift the identity as the members of Korean society, systemize the initial adapt education, enlarge the employment protection and the resettlement helper system, manage North Korean defectors according to adaptive type, develop the network, establish the management department for the defectors, strengthen the training of prison inmates, and strengthen the management of unprotected people. Next, in order to prevent the criminal damages of North Korean refugees, we should manage vulnerable North Korean defectors effectively, maintain the liaison between the personal protection officer and North Korean defector, arrange the personal safety measures in advance when traveling abroad, enhance the legal education for usual living in Korean society, and perform the re-education for the female socialization.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2016.04a
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• pp.118-122
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• 2016

북한이탈주민의 입국자가 곧 3만 명에 육박할 것이다. 이로 말미암아 북한이탈주민에 대한 한국사회에서의 안정된 정착이 큰 문제로 대두되고 있기에, 그 문제들을 해결하고자 창업교육을 실시하여 북한이탈주민의 경제적 고립을 막고, 한국사회에서 올바른 진로를 선택하여 미래 통일 역군을 만들고자 한다. 본 논문은 창업교육 전, 후 창업동기 및 의지, 기업가정신, 진로장벽, 진로성숙도, 진로미결정 요인을 분석하여 창업교육에 대한 효과성을 강조하고자 한다. 아울러 장지적으로는 국내 입국 후 북한이탈주민들이 느끼는 심리를 분석하여 그들이 진정으로 원하는 진로와 정부지원정책을 도출해 내고자 한다.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 2003년 6월~2003년 12월 사이에 탈북적응훈련 교육원에 입소한 854명의 북한 이탈주민들의 신체 계측치를 이용하여 북한 이탈주민들의 체질량지수(BMI)를 파악함으로써 북한 주민들의 건강상태를 간접적으로 유추하였다. 연구결과 신장은 전 연령에서 남한이 북한보다 컸으며, 남한주민의 체중이 북한보다 많았다. 또한, 20세 이상 남북한 주민의 BMI 분포를 연령별로 보면 북한 이탈 남성의 경우 55세 이상 연령집단에서과체중 현상을 보였으나, 남한의 남성은거의 모든 연령집단에서 과체중인 것으로 나타났다. 북한 이탈 여성의 경우 45-54세와 70-74세에서 과체중 및 1단계 비만을 보였지만, 남한 여성의 경우 40-44세, 50-74세는 과체중, 45-49세는 1단계비만으로 나타났다. 최근의 북한 이탈주민들일수록 신장, 체중 모두 작았다. 본 연구결과에 따르면 북한 이탈주민들은 식량부족사태가 있기 이전부터 이미 남한과 신체 계측치에서 차이를 보였으며,1980년 말부터 시작된 식량난과 1990년대 중반에 지속적으로 일어난 자연재해 등으로 인해 북한 주민들은 더 왜소화되고 만성적 영양결핍상태가 더욱 만연해지고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cognizance of North Korean refugee by applying Q methodology, as well as to provide preliminary data for improving North Korean refugee's image. The study process let P sample, the study participants, use Q-sorting methodology to sort Q sample, which is composed of statements. 18 participants sorted 32 statements and 3 types of North Korean refugee cognizance were produced as a result. Those types are 1(N=8), 2(N=6), and 3(N=4), which are type favorable, type whereas negative stereotypical, and type neutralist. Favorable types agreed to ensure North Korean refugee groups' rights as a general protection, whereas negative stereotypical types had strong discrimination and prejudice towards North Korean refugee groups due to lack of related knowledge. Furthermore, neutralist types showed an objection to negative stereotypes against North Korean refugee, but they did not entirely agree to North Korean refugee either. It is necessary to develop a detailed strategy to improve the social image of North Korean refugee.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.325-356
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• 2006

This study deals with information poverty and information service for information welfare of North Korean refugees. On the basis of the data collected and analyzed, it was concluded that North Korean refugees were situated at information poverty, as compared to the situation of South Koreans. It was also found out that their information poverty was caused by the inferiority of their information literary and information environment. In conclusion, this study made some suggestions for overcoming the information poverty and promoting the information welfare of North Korean refugees.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.161-194
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that interrupt the use of social security of elderly North Korean refugees. As a result of qualitative content analysis using interview data, it is found that the elderly North Korean defectors have a lower access to the social security system. The main reason for hindering the use of social security system is low awareness due to limited information channels, psychological distance to South Korean society and residents. Moreover, this psychological distance is a factor that reduces the geographical accessibility of elderly North Korean defectors by preferring to use services in specific institutions for North Korean, while South Korean elderly people can use the service elsewhere. In addition, there are many cases in which the elderly in North Korean defectors do not receive sufficient social security due to low income. On the other hand, social security systems with high accessibility of older North Korean refugees are characterized by the fact that they are provided by experts who have formed sufficient rapport with North Korean refugees. Therefore, it seems possible to improve the accessibility of elderly defectors' friendly system by professional workers with cultural competence. In addition, a multidimensional approach is needed to fully cope with the complex desires of elderly North Korean defectors and a mechanism should be set up to reflect their opinion in system operation.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.101-126
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• 2003

The purpose of present study is to investigate what is the most important factor among personality, social relation perception, and cultural influence on North Korean Defectors' self-enhancement bias, and how their self-enhancement bias influences on their psychological adaptation in South Korea. To implement this, we compared the self-enhancement bias of South Korean undergraduates and North Korean Defector undergraduates, and social desirability, too. However, there was no significant result. Based on this outcome, we focused on 121 North Korean Defectors' self-enhancement bias mechanism. We found that personality and social relation perception factors influenced significantly on their self- enhancement bias and furthermore their self-enhancement bias affected on their psychological adaptation. In addition to this, we identified sex difference at this mechanism. That is, women showed the same pattern with the existing findings in the study of self-enhancement bias mechanism, but men showed somewhat different pattern.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.51
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• pp.223-249
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual situation of crime victimization by North Korean defectors and to examine whether any of the protection and support systems for defectors has a statistically significant effect on the perceived effectiveness for preventing the criminal victimization of North Korean Defectors. The subjects of this study were 107 police officers from the 17 provincial police departments. Independent variables were (1) social adaptation education in Hanawon, (2) protection officer system, (3) legal support system, (4) private participation system, (5) support for family life, (6) community participation activity. And the dependent variable is the crime prevention effectiveness for the defectors. As a result of multiple regression analysis, it was found that the independent variables that have a significant effect on the effectiveness of prevention of crime victimization were protection officer system and support for family life. First, in order to prevent the crime victimization of North Korean defectors in advance, three kinds of protection officer system that will be received after the transfer of the residence should play the role successfully. Second, the efforts of the government and municipalities alone are insufficient for the early settlement of North Korean defectors. Therefore, it is necessary to diversify the support and protection programs for North Korean refugees through cooperation with civic organizations. Third, it is necessary to expand the legal education time so that North Korean defectors do not suffer crime because of lack of legal knowledge. Fourth, in order to prevent North Korean defectors from being victimized by various kinds of crime, it is necessary to actively support them so that family life can be stabilized.