• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 1995

The objective of this experiment was to test the effect of EG F on nuclear maturation of pig immature oocytes in vitro. Basic medium used TCM-199 supplemented with 0.2 mM pyruvate, 1 ${\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml estradiol-I7$\beta$ and 25 ${\mu}\textrm{g}$/ml gentamycin, this medium treated with EGF, FSH and FBS. Experiment 1 examined to the effect according to the addition of FSH or EGF (0, 1. 10 and 100 ng EGF/ml) in oocytes maturation. Nuclear maturation rates (M ll %) of 1, 10 and 100 ng EGF/ml (83.0. 8fi.7 and H7.5%) treatments were significantly higher than those of non- and FSH-treated groups (27.3 and 60.3%, p < 0. 001). Experiment 2 examined to the interactive effects of EGF. FSH or FBS during oocytes maturation. Nuclear maturation rates (M ll %) of EGF alone, EGF plus FSH, EGF plus FBS, FSH plus FBS, and EGF plus FSH added FBS treatments (86.7, 90.2, 87.1. 89.6% and 92.6%) were significantly higher than those of non, FSH, and FBS alone treatments (22.3, 52.2 and 42.3%, p < 0.001). Also, cumulus cells expansion of oocytes maturation was examined to total treatments. Normal cumulus cells expansion was shown by FSH plus FBS, EGF or EGF with FBS combination treatments, but cumulus cells of oocyte complexes were still clumped together in EGF-treated groups although they had separated from oocytes. However, EGF showed a positive on nuclear maturation. These results conclude that EGF alone can stimulate nuclear maturation in pig immature oocytes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.340-349
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• 1995

There are several problems in a fishing by the midwater pair trawl net which is used in Denmark; steeply decreasing of the net height with the towing speed increasing, the larger volume of the fishing gear in comparison with the size of the trawler, and catching of a float in a mesh, etc. To prevent steeply decreasing of the net height with the towing speed increasing and catching of a float in a mesh, it is sometimes more useful to use the kite instead of floats. This paper describes the hydrodynamic drag and the opening efficiency of the midwater pair trawl net and the midwater kite pair trawl net obtained by the model test in the circulation water channel. The results can be summarized as follows; 1. The hydrodynamic drag of the midwater kite pair trawl net is about 0.7 times smaller than that of the midwater pair trawl net. 2. The net height, mouth area and filtering volume of the midwater kite pair trawl net are smaller then those of the midwater pair trawl net when the towing speed is below 2.5knots, almost the same at 2.7knots, and are larger over 3.0knots. The net width of the midwater kite pair trawl net is same as that of the midwater pair trawl net. 3. The shapes of net mouth of both net are an oval steeply flatted with the towing speed increasing. The filtering volume of the midwater kite pair trawl net is larger then that of the midwater pair trawl net by 3% at 3.0knots, 11% at 4.0knots, and 16% at 5.0knots respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

Ultra thin Er-silicide layers formed by Er deposition on the clean p-silicon and in situ post annealing technique were investigated with respect to change of the Schottky barrier height. The formation of Er silicides was confirmed by XPS results. UPS measurements revealed that the workfunction of the silicide decreased and was saturated as the deposited Er thickness increased up to $10{\AA}$. We found that the silicides were mainly composed of Er5Si3 phase through the XRD experiments. After Schottky diodes were fabricated with the Er silicide/p-Si junctions, the Schottky barrier heights were calculated $0.44{\sim}0.78eV$ from the I-V measurements of the Schottky diodes. There was large discrepancy in the Schottky barrier heights deduced from the UPS with the ideal junction condition and the real I-V measurements, so that we attributed the discrepancy to the $Er_5Si_3$ phase in the Er-silicides and the large interfacial density of trap state of it.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.611-618
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• 2008

CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced polymer) tendons can be used as an alternative to solve the corrosion problem of steel tendons. Since CFRP tendons are vulnerable to transverse pressure and stress concentration, the conventional anchorage system used for steel tendons can create an unreliable load carrying capacity and may result in a premature failure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the anchorage system that is well suited for CFRP tendons. There are many types of anchorage systems for CFRP tendons, which can be classified into three types: wedge-type anchorage, bond-type anchorage, and compression-type anchorage. This paper deals with the compression-type anchorage system manufactured through swaging technology. Based on the previous test results performed by the authors, the dimension of anchorage sleeve, the use and non-use of the insert, and the compression pressure on the sleeve have been selected as the major parameters affecting the performance of the compression-type anchorage. Some anchorage sleeves have been tapered to reduce the stress concentration. Test results revealed that the performance of the anchorage system depends mainly on the dimension and the compression pressure. It has been verified that the tapered sleeve can effectively reduce the stress concentration.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2000

In Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS), there are three imaging methods of target localization, such as digital subtraction Angiography (DSA), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Especially, DSA and MR images have a distortion effect generated by each modality. In this research, image properties of DSA were studied. A first essential condition in SRS is an accurate information of target locations, since high dose used to treat a patient may give a complication on critical organ and normal tissue. Hut previous localization program did not consider distortion effect which was caused by image intensifier (II) of DSA. A neurosurgeon could not have an accurate information of target locations to operate a patient. In this research, through distortion correction, we tried to calculate accurate target locations. We made a grid phantom to correct distortion, and a target phantom to evaluate localization algorithm. The grid phantom was set on the front of II, and DSA images were obtained. Distortion correction methods consist of two parts: 1. Bilinear transform for geometrical correction and bilinear interpolation for gray level correction. 2. Automatic detection method for calculating locations of grid crosses, fiducial markers, and target balls. Distortion was corrected by applying bilinear transform and bilinear interpolation to anterior-posterior and left-right image, and locations of target and fiducial markers were calculated by the program developed in this study. Localization errors were estimated by comparing target locations calculated in DSA images with absolute locations of target phantom. In the result, the error in average with and without distortion correction is $\pm$0.34 mm and $\pm$0.41 mm respectively. In conclusion, it could be verified that our localization algorithm has an improved accuracy and acceptability to patient treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.16 no.4 s.71
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• pp.397-406
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• 2004

This paper presents the test and evaluation results on the shear strength and stiffness of a light steel stud wall from a lightweight foamed mortar (lightweight hybrid wall). The use of a lightweight foamed mortar was aimed at improving structural performance, thermal performance, and finish. Studiesshowed that it did not affect thermal performance, but it contributed to structural performance and finish when the unit weight was more than 0.8 (Editor's note: Please indicate the unit of measurement.). In this study, 14 specimens-whose parameters included the specific gravity of the lightweight foamed mortar (0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2), the spacing of the stud (450 mm, 600 mm, or 900 mm), finishing materials (such as lightweight foamed mortar, OSB, and gypsum board), and bracing-were manufactured. Three typical, steel house-framing specimens were added to compare the test results with the 14 specimens. The results of in-plane shear tests show that the use of lightweight foamed mortar (1.15~5.38 times stronger, 1.45~13.7 times stiffer) results in ultimate strength and initial stiffness. In addition, it was possible to widen the stud spacing to up to 900 mm without decreasing shear strength. It was very important to prevent the lightweight foamed mortar from shrinking and to secure the adhesion between the steel stud and the lightweight foamed mortar to improve structural performance.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.58-72
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• 1985

A histopathological study was carried out on the duodenum of mice and rats experimentally infected by F. seoulensis. Each mouse was infected with 500 metacercariae and killed after 1, 2, 3 days, 1 and 2 weeks from infection. Each rat was given 1, 000 metacercariae and was examined after 1, 2 and 4 weeks from infection. The duodenal tissue sections of mice and rats were stained with hematoxylin eosin, and PAS stained for the rats of 1 week group. The pathological findings are summarized as below. 1. There were no differences in mucosal findings between the mice and the rats, and between the location of duodenum, 1 and 5 em distal to the pylorus. 2. Each worm embraced a villus exclusively with its foliate fore body which was inserted into the intervillous spaces. The fluke pinched villous epithelia using its oral and ventral suckers. The tribocytic organ destroyed the villous epithelia deeply up to the stroma after 3 days from infection. 3. Apparent villous changes were observed in the mice after 3 days from infection. Villous changes were shortening, widening, blunting or fusion. The villous stroma showed edema, microscopic hemorrhage, capillary congestion, dilatation of lymphatics and inflammatory cell infiltration. The cells were lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and giant cells. Rarely submucosal and trans:nural inflammation was encountered.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.415-424
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• 2003

People store information not only in their Drain but also material things. Norman called it knowledge in the world. The general way to store the information is to paste labels. 4 burner gas range force user to make conceptual model between burner and switch to see labels. but those are cognitive stress. Norman suggested spatial analogies for natural mapping between display and control. However the way of his methods in spatial analogies was not compatible with kitchen atmosphere. To solve those problems 1 suggested color coding . This study hypothesized that the mapping between burner and switch is realized by color coding. To testy the hypothesis 1 compared A group using general gas range with B group using color coded gas range. The result showed difference between A and B in accuracy ( F (1, 38) = 17.892, p < 0.01) and response time ( F (1, 38) = 6.726 p < 0.05). The result of this test is to certify that color coding affect peoples by presenting the difference accuracy and response time. As result this study presents that color coding can be compatible the product having importance to certify in the design process.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.354-360
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• 2016

We investigated the quality and antioxidant activities of sponge cake prepared containing 1-5% of green tea powder (GT). The water content in the cake increased with an increase in the amount of GT added. Although the hardness and springiness of the rice sponge cake increased, the adhesiveness decreased with increasing the level of GT. The cohesiveness, chewiness, and resilience of the rice sponge cake with GT were similar to those of the control. Chromaticity determination revealed that lightness, redness, and yellowness of the crust decreased with increasing GT content. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents increased proportionally with increasing GT level. Antioxidant activity, measured by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging as well as reducing power activities, was significantly higher in the rice sponge cake with GT than in the control. Sensory evaluation determined that addition of 1-3% GT to the rice sponge cake maintained the color, taste, texture, flavor, and overall acceptance similar to that of the control.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.204-210
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• 2013

The patients who had been operated total mastectomy are different from general women in their breasts thickness due to breast surgery. As a result, digital chest image from total mastectomy patients will be different attenuation. The main objective for this study is to show that a proper Ion chamber standard combination measuring MTF which is objective basis for Digital image, when be x-ray for total mastectomy patient. We have designed the unique number that shown Left is 1, Right is 2, Center is 3 and have put the edge phantom on detector ion chamber. Lastly, we have obtained experiment images. The evaluations of all image quality have measured by 50% MTF of spatial resolution and absorption dose using Matlab(R2007a). The result showed that average exposure condition, MTF value, absorption dose for 1+3 and 2+3 combinations were 2.745 mAs, 1.925 lp/mm, 0.688 mGy. Consequently, that showed high MTF, DQE and low dose than other combinations. Therefore, a proper changes of ion chambers are able to improve image quality and to reduce radiation exposure when be X-ray for total mastectomy patients. Also, it will be possible to standard for application chamber combination and utilization on clinical detection.