• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.203-212
• /
• 2004

The watermarking is a method to achieve the copyright protection of multimedia contents. Among several media, the left documents show very peculiar properties: block/line/word patterning, clear separation between foreground and background areas. So algorithms specific to the text documents are required that meet those properties. This paper proposes a novel watermarking algorithm for the grayscale text document images. The algorithm inserts the watermark signals through the edge direction histograms. A concept of sub-image consistency is developed that the sub-images have similar shapes in terms of edge direction histograms. Using Korean, Chinese, and English document images, the concept is evaluated and proven to be valid over a wide range of document images. To insert watermark signals, the edge direction histogram is modified slightly. The experiments were performed on various document images and the algorithm was evaluated in terms of imperceptibility and robustness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2012.07a
• /
• pp.423-424
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 스테레오 영상의 중요 부분과 깊이 정보를 유지하며 영상의 크기를 변경하기 위한 새로운 warping 기반의 리타겟팅 기법을 제안한다. 단일 영상을 이용하는 기존의 알고리즘들은 스테레오 영상간의 일관성을 고려하지 않기 때문에 독립적으로 리타겟팅을 수행한 결과 영상의 3 차원 정보가 왜곡 된다. 반면 제안하는 알고리즘은 스테레오 영상에 격자를 생성하고 격자의 정점 매칭을 이용해 두 영상의 일관성을 유지한다. 또한 영상 내의 중요 물체가 유지되는 성능을 높이기 위해 sparse disparity map 을 생성한다. 다양한 스테레오 영상을 이용한 실험을 통해 제안하는 알고리즘이 다른 알고리즘에 비해 중요 물체와 3 차원 정보를 잘 보존하는 것을 확인한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2002.10c
• /
• pp.601-603
• /
• 2002

이 논문은 명암(grayScale)을 갖는 텍스트 문서 영상을 위한 새로운 워터마킹 알고리즘을 제안한다. 텍스트 문서 영상을 여러 블록으로 나누었을 때, 블록 영상들의 에지 방향 히스토그램이 유사하다는 부분 영상의 일관성이라는 특성을 갖는다. 이러한 특성을 이용하여 블록의 에지 방향 히스토그램을 조작하여 신호를 삽입한다. 다양한 공격에 대한 실험을 통하여 알고리즘의 강인성과 비인지성을 분석하였다.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.15-28
• /
• 2023

This study examined the affective representation and response consistency among individuals using affective videos, a naturalistic stimulus inducing emotional experiences most similar to those in daily life. In this study, multidimensional scaling was conducted to investigate whether the various affective representations induced through video stimuli are located in the core affect dimensions. A cross-participant classification analysis was also performed to verify whether the video stimuli are well classified. Additionally, the newly developed intersubject correlation analysis was conducted to assess the consistency of affective representations across participant responses. Multidimensional scaling revealed that the video stimuli are represented well in the valence dimension, partially supporting Russell (1980)'s core affect theory. The classification results showed that affective conditions were successfully classified across participant responses. Moreover, the intersubject correlation analysis showed that the consistency of affective representations to video stimuli differed with respect to the condition. This study suggests that the affective representations and consistency of individual responses to affective videos varied across different affective conditions.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we propose a novel way of combining color demosaicing and the auto white balance (AWB) method, which are important parts of image processing. Performance of the AWB is generally affected by demosaicing results because most AWB algorithms are performed posterior to color demosaicing. In order to increase the performance and efficiency of the AWB algorithm, the color constancy problem is considered during the color demosaicing step. Initial estimates of the directional luminance and chrominance values are defined for estimating edge direction and calculating the AWB gain. We propose a modified edge-based AWB method that used a pre-defined achromatic region. The estimation of edge direction is performed region adaptively by using the local statistics of the initial estimates of the luminance and chrominance information. The proposed method shows significant improvements in terms of visual and numerical criteria when compared to conventional methods.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.875-881
• /
• 2007

This study explores the attention effects of PPL(product placement) in multimedia contents. PPL has been attracted attention in multimedia as well as marketing communication field as a beneficiary model. For the research, multimedia screen is divided into 9 sections and the serial 9 digit($1{\sim}9$) is assigned to the each part of the screen. The visual exposure forms of each 9 digit are composed by 2-dimension(2D) and 3-dimension(3D). And the visual exposure patterns of each 9 digit are consisted of stopping and moving image. As a result, the 5th quartering has been proved the most attracted attention regardless of all exposure forms including 2D/3D and slopping/moving image. This means center of the multimedia screen is the best place for PPL. Especially in one digit moving screen the attention of the digit has reached the climax. This suggests moving PPL is able to get more attention than stopping. These results provide the most effective PPL position in the screen of the multimedia and PPL's visual exposure forms for maximizing multimedia user's attention. Finally, these findings can be a guideline fer message arrangements of the multimedia screen.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.33 no.8
• /
• pp.536-546
• /
• 2006

Painterly animation is a method that expresses painterly images with a hand-painted appearance from a video, and the most crucial element for it is the temporal coherence of brush strokes between frames. A motion map is proposed in this paper as a solution to the issue of maintaining the temporal coherence in the brush strokes between the frames. A motion map is the region that frame-to-frame motions have occurred. Namely, this map refers to the region frame-to-frame edges move by the motion information with the motion occurred edges as a starting point. In this paper, we employ the optical flow method and block-based method to estimate the motion information. The method that yielded the biggest PSNR using the motion information (the directions and magnitudes) acquired by various methods of motion estimation has been chosen as the final motion information to form a motion map. The created motion map determine the part of the frame that should be re-painted. In order to express painterly images with a hand- painted appearance and maintain the temporal coherence of brush strokes, the motion information was applied to only the strong edges that determine the directions of the brush strokes. Also, this paper seek to reduce the flickering phenomenon between the frames by using the multiple exposure method and the difference map created by the difference between images of the source and the canvas. Maintenance of the coherence in the direction of the brush strokes was also attempted by a local gradient interpolation to maintain the structural coherence.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.157-160
• /
• 2001

피혁 제품의 품질을 결정함에 있어 가장 중요한 부분은 눈에 보이는 표면상태이다. 지금까지 피혁제조업체에서 대부분의 피혁을 육안으로 선별하여 오고 있는데, 이러한 방법은 등급을 구분하는데 있어 일관성이 부족할 뿐만 아니라, 많은 노동력과 시간이 소모되고 또한 미세한 결함이나 정밀한 치수를 감지할 수가 없어, 등급의 품질에 많은 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하고자 본 논문에서는 실시간 영상처리와 A. I를 접목하여 피혁 자동 등급 선별 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 우선 피혁 자동 등급 선별 시스템에서 가장 중요한 실시간 영상처리를 이용하여 A. I에 적용될 수 있는 벡터의 추출 및 판정결과를 제시하여 본 논문의 정확성을 확인하고자 한다. 피혁 시스템의 설계는 세계 피혁업계와 차별을 기하고 검사시간을 단축하여 생산 효율성을 증대하며, 등급의 표준화 및 품질의 고급화를 도모할 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2006.10b
• /
• pp.515-520
• /
• 2006

계량기 숫자 인식은 일반적으로 사용되고 있는 아날로그 계량기에 카메라를 부착하여, 검침 시 숫자 계기판 영상을 전송받고, 그 영상으로부터 숫자를 추출 및 인식하는 기술이다. 계량기 숫자 인식에서는 카메라의 설치 상태 및 기타 환경적인 요인들로 인해 숫자 계기판 영상의 일관성 있는 취득이 어렵게 된다. 본 논문에서는 숫자 인식에 악영향을 미치는, 취득 영상의 상태 변화를 보정해주기 위해 잡영 제거 및 윤곽보존 숫자강화를 제안하였다. 잡영 제거를 위해 잡영을 분포 위치에 따라서 세 가지 타입으로 나누었으며, 각 타입별로 잡영 제거를 하였다. 윤곽보존 숫자강화 과정에서는 일반적인 이진화 기법이 가지는 테두리 정보손실을 최소화할 수 있도록, 숫자 테두리의 명도를 보존하면서 숫자 중심부분의 밝기를 강화시켰다. 전처리 전/후의 인식률 비교 실험을 위해 SVM(Support Vector Machines)을 사용하였으며, 학습 데이터 1,409장과 조명 상태를 달리하여 취득한 1,782의 테스트 데이터를 실험 데이터로 사용하였다. 실험 결과, 81.09%라는 성능 향상을 확인하였으며 이는 제안한 전처리 기법이 조명으로 인한 데이터의 상태 변화 문제를 해결해줌으로써 인식 성능 향상에 크게 기여한다는 것을 입증해준다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.399-403
• /
• 2001

One of the most important factors for a leather quality inspection is its surface condition. So far, a leather quality level has been discriminated by human's eye inspection. But, these kinds of method needs a lot of labor time and cause decision mistakes from an optical illusion. It means leather quality inspection is very subjective and there is no consistency. In this study, we present computer vision based a leather quality inspection system using an Artificial intelligence. Suggested system can give standard spec for a leather quality and take human inspection duty place.