• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.214-227
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• 2013

The primary objectives of this study are twofold. One is to examine the psychometric properties of Family Empowerment Scale(FES) developed by Koren, DeChillo and Frisen(1992). The other is to develope a short-form FES. Data collected from 337 members of Parents' Solidarity of Children with Disabilities were used. FES had good internal consistency, but the results of confirmatory factor analysis(CFA) did not support the theoretical factor structure of the scale. Basic analyses such as correlation and descriptive analysis were performed to examine the characteristics of individual items and identify the limitation of the orignal FES. In addition, a series of CFA were carried out to develop a short-form FES. Finally 15 items were selected based on theoretical rationale and the results of CFA. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ and the model fit indices for the short-form FES indicated that this measure has good construct validity as well as internal consistency. In discussion, usefulness and potential contribution of this study were explored in relation to content development in the area of measuring instruments.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

This study was aimed at exploring the parenting experience of fathers in single parent families as well as comprehensively determining their parenting experiences and the various parenting resources and support systems that have emerged in the process. The subjects were five divorced fathers who had not remarried and had been raising their children on their own. This qualitative case study involved data collect through in-depth interviews. The inter-case analyses derived two topics, five categories, and 17 concepts related to the issues of interest. The results indicated, that, first, there was "psychological confusion in the early stages of parenting" because of the sudden onset of this responsibility after divorce. Second, in the parenting experience, the fathers felt that "family survival was at stake". Third the support systems that the fathers had in raising single parent families were "social resources" made available through workplaces, acquaintances, institutions, and the government. Such systems also took the form of "family resources" including brothers and parents. An "internal resource" was the presence of children along with psychological sources of support, such as responsibility and the satisfaction experienced by the fathers through parenting. This study, uncovered the reality, resources, and support systems of fathers in single families. It is meaningful in that it will serve as a basis for supporting practical measures and educational interventions for fathers in single-parent households.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-92
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the experiences of original family and social relationships in single women. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were arranged with 18 single women who met the criteria for the present research purpose. We considered only those responses of the interviewees that are directly related to their experiences of original family and social relationships, where the collected data were analyzed in three steps by methods of thematic analysis. As a result of the analysis, the experiences of original family and social relationships in single women could be grouped into six main clusters of themes which may be labeled as (1) themes centered on 'Family attachment', (2) themes centered on 'Special People' and (3) themes centered on 'Estrange relative relationship'. (4) themes centered on 'Small social life', (5) themes centered on 'Absence of a social relationshipship', (6) themes centered on 'Drive for freedom'. Among the first category of themes of 'Family attachment', we have found three sub-themes such as 'Adult Baby under parents' care', 'Confirm of single life', 'Intricate family relations'. As for the second category of themes 'Special People', three sub-themes have been found including 'I Only Love Mom.', 'Sister friend', 'My lovely nephew or niece'. And for the third category of only one theme 'Estranged relative relationship'. And for the fourth category of themes 'Small social life', there were found four sub-themes which include 'Relationship at work', 'Chat with friends', 'Keep oneself aloof from the opposite sex', 'Singles gather together'. And for the fifth category of themes 'Absence of a social relationshipship', there were found three sub-themes which include 'Alone than meeting', 'Lazism', 'Tight daily lives'. And for the final category of themes 'Drive for freedom', there were found two sub-themes which include 'Caution for attachment', 'Caution for entanglement'. In all, there are sixteen sub-themes to consider. On the basis of these results, we presented some conclusions on the experiences of original family and social relationships in single women. We also presented some implications of these results on population education and future research.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.75-86
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study is to develop and validate an instrument to assess STEM career motivation. We developed 32 items for 7 constructs (i.e. education experience, career value, academic self-efficacy, career self-efficacy, career interest, parents' support, and career motivation) on STEM career motivation based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT; Lent et al.,1994). 767 first year high school students participated in this study. The items were validated by Messick's framework (1995). In this study, we examined the validity of items in four aspects (i.e. content, substantive, structural and generalizability of validity). Methodologically, we used Rasch analysis, Exploratory factor analysis, confirmative factor analysis based on structural equation modelling. We confirmed that our instrument with 32 items as valid and reliable for measuring the STEM career motivation. In addition, we tested the STEM career motivation model based on SCCT. Our model explained the data well, suggesting that external factors (education experience and parents' support) and cognitive factors (perception of value, self-efficacy and interest) were significantly related to STEM career motivation.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.149-179
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• 2003

This study is analysing the factors determining individuals' behavior of selecting self-employment not only at the micro-level but also at the macro-level to put a particular emphasis on the financial constraint and unemployment rate representing business cycle. The data used in this study are "Korean Labor and Income Panal Study" of the Korea Labor Institute and "Economically Active Population Survey" of National Statistical Office. The main findings are as follows. First, human capital such as educational attainment and job experience has positive effects on male's selection of self-employment. The effects of job experience, however, changed negative for female's selection of self-employment. Second, real estate is significantly enhancing the selection probabilities of employer selection while the income from financial assets has negative effects. Third, entrepreneurial culture and environment are also raising the self-employment selection probability. Lastly, the regional unemployment rate representing the business cycle has positive effects on the self-employment selection after the financial crisis in 1997 both at the micro and macro level. Moreover, the coefficient of regional unemployment rate has changed positive in the structural model of self-employment selection controlling for selection bias and income opportunities, which means that individual's behavior of self-employment selection is rather complex when accounting for the uncertainties of income opportunities and diverse characteristics of self-employment workforce.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.252-261
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses' experience in caring for infants who are approaching death and to identity the meaning and structure of their experiences. Methods: The participants were eight nurses who had experience in caring for these infants. In-depth interviews were performed from December, 2012 to February, 2013 until data were fully saturated. Collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Results: Four theme clusters were extracted from fifteen themes. The four theme clusters of the NICU nurses' experience in caring for infants who are dying were: 1) Crossroads between life and comfort of infants approaching death, 2) emotional suffering at the death of the infant, 3) adapting and coping with the death of the infant, 4) new expectations for caring for infants who are dying. Conclusion: The results of the study provide useful information in understanding NICU nurses' experience in caring for infants who are dying and establishing effective strategies to support these nurses.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2014

Objective : This study was to perform the education of the ASI$^{(R)}$ intervention for six occupational therapists and to know the delivery of ASI$^{(R)}$ core principle through a self-assessment, a peer-assessment, an expert-assessment. Methods : The study performed from November 2013 to June 2014 for six occupational therapists without completion of the education of ASI$^{(R)}$ intervention. The participants were educated about the ASI$^{(R)}$ intervention during 8 weeks and took and assessed films before and after education. The assessment was the self-assessment, the peer-assessment, the expert-assessment and the data of assessment was analyzed by Mann-Whitney and ICC. Results : The result of process factors before and after education according to methods of assessment, the self-assessment was significant in 'self-regulation,' 'collaboration,' 'ensures success,' 'play,' 'alliance,' and 'total item'. The peer-assessment was significant in all item exception 'safety'. The expert-assessment was significant in all items exception 'sensory opportunities'. The results of self-assessment and expert-assessment before and after the education of ASI$^{(R)}$ intervention were significant in 'safety'. Conclusion : The results of this study provide to need the education of ASI$^{(R)}$ intervention for accuracy sensory integrative intervention. The occupational therapists need to check the style of intervention.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.749-765
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• 2015

This study is aimed at validation of the Korean Version of the Perfectionism Inventory which was developed by Hill et al.(2004). To do so, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis with 167 science high school and 161 middle school gifted students were conducted. It appeared 6 factor structure consisting of 'Self-Evaluative Perfection Strivings', 'Parental Pressure', 'Planfulness', 'Striving for Excellence', 'High Standards for Others', and 'Organization', which does not support 8 factor of the original scale. As a result, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ ranged from .78 to .92 for subscale of PI and .93 for the total scale. The fit of measurement model was found to be ${\chi}^2=1257.618$ (df=792, p=.00), TLI=.903, CFI=.911, RMSEA=.047, indicating most of fit indexes were acceptable. Also, the validity of the scale was examined by the correlations between the PI and MPS. PI Korean version is significant to confirm the factor structure and validity of perfectionism which was influenced by characteristics of gifted students and Korean culture. These results show that the PI is quite reliable and valid tool for measuring perfectionism for gifted students.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2007

Mothers of Children with Disabilities have many difficulties in parenting because of their children's disabilities. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a Group music psychotherapy programs on parenting stress and self efficacy, and to explore the experiences of the mothers who participated in the program. Twenty mothers of children with disabilities participated in this study. These twenty mothers were divided into 10 mothers of each group. The Experimental group participated in the Group music psychotherapy programs, while the control group did not. The Group music psychotherapy program was implemented for 8 weeks. To prove the effects of the program, pretest-posttest control group design was applied. The differences between pre-test and post-test of two groups were analyzed using independent t-test. The quantitative results of the study were as follows: First, a significant differences was found between the experimental group and control group in parenting stress level. Second, a significant differences was found between the experimental group and control group in self-efficacy level. From the qualitative analyses, four themes emerged from the decrement of parenting stress; Positive change of recognition about their children, Getting rid of stress, Keeping their composure, and Sharing of their emotions. And three themes emerged from the increment of self-efficacy; Discovery of oneself, New stimulus, and Mental support. All the result described above shows that group music psychotherapy program gives positive effect to decrease in parenting stress and also to increase in self-efficacy. And new possibility and effectiveness can be proposed in the music therapeutic approach to the parents of children with disabilities.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.835-849
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study is to analyze the trajectory of science core school students' STEM career motivation and to examine the relationship between the trajectory patterns and students' tracks. Longitudinal STEM career motivation data with seven constructs were collected from 256 students for five semesters and the data were analyzed by using group-based trajectory modelling analysis. In order to examine the relationship between trajectory pattern groups and the tracks, chi-square tests were conducted. Based on our findings, we found that students are likely to have similar trajectory patterns in STEM career education experience and in their perception towards STEM career value. In terms of parents' support, academic self-efficacy and STEM career motivation aspects are divided into two distinctive trajectory groups ('high' and 'low' group), while two other variables, STEM career self-efficacy and STEM career interest, are divided into three trajectory groups ('moderate declining', 'high declining', 'increasing' group). Most of the trajectory groups are shown the pattern that the level of each constructs increase until their second academic year, then after that, the patterns started going down. Moreover, there are significant relationship between track and each trajectory groups. Science track and science-core track students have similar trajectory patterns. In contrast, humanities track students have different trajectory groups in some constructs. Based on these findings, we suggest that STEM career education environment should consider various patterns of students' STEM career development.