• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2008

In this paper, we concern the stability of smart space by using the robust digital controller. The proposed methodologies are based on the intelligent digital redesign (IDR). More precisely, we represent the nonlinear and uncertain analog system as the Takaki-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model. Then the IDR problem can be reduced to find the digital gains minimizing the norm distance between the closed-loop states of the analog and digital control. Its constructive conditions are expressed as the linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). At last, a numerical example, HVAC system, is demonstrated to visualize the feasibility of the proposed methodology.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.520-525
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• 2003

This paper concerns a design methodology of observer-based output-feedback digital controller for Takagi-Sugeno(TS) fuzzy systems using intelligent digital redesign (IDR). The term of IDR involves converting an analog fuzzy-mode-based controller into an equivalent digital one in the sense of state-matching. The considered IDR problem is viewed as convex minimization problems of the norm distances between linear operators to be matched. The stability condition is easily embedded and the separations principle is explicitly shown.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.129-138
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• 2006

It is expected that the typical lifestyle of the future will be transformed into an opulent and comfortable existence as the quality of life improves due to the increase in household income and reduction in working hours. In the meantime, as the standard of living becomes increasingly more comfortable and plentiful, the toll on physical health becomes magnified as a result of obesity and insufficient exercise caused by super nutrition and change in labor conditions (from physical labor to mental labor). This has instigated a deep awareness in fitness on the part of many people, forcing them to recognize the significance of daily exercise and physical activity. The high annual growth rate in the fitness and athletic apparatus market, which is more than 20%, is attributed to this phenomenon. The Elliptical Cross Trainer(ECT), which has drawn wide attention recently, is a non-impact athletic apparatus that not only promotes exercise of the upper body parts in such sports as skiing but also the exercise of lower parts of the body on a treadmill. It is a type of cross training athletic gear that has been developed for aerobic exercise throughout the entire body. It has already formed a market as big as that of the treadmill in Europe, America, etc. Recently, its demand is growing sharply in the Korean markets as well as those in Northeast Asian countries, Despite such demand increase and expansion, since most of the expensive ECTs are exclusively supplied by suppliers in only a few advanced countries, localization of the ECT is urgently required in order to enhance competitiveness of Korean manufacturers and to expand the market. This paper introduces the process and results of a design-engineering cooperative study that was peformed for the development of the ECT.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.85-94
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• 2006

In the 2000s, character animation technique is used at domestic TV character animation ads of diverse items displaying new character patterns and expression techniques of a high level. This study intends to identify the characteristics of TV character animation ads based ell character aesthetic theory and advertising rhetoric theory, and based on these findings, analyze trend and stream of expression in TV character animation ads by examining and classifying advertisements released in the past four years by items, character patterns and expression techniques. The results showed that TV character animation ads have been concentrated on confectionery, beverages and foods in the past, but the items have been diversified through the years. With reference to character patterns, personal and animal characters had made the main pattern, but recently product, virtual and composite characters are on the increase. In expression techniques, cell animation technique was found to be the most frequently used technique, which was followed by full-3D, cell and live action, cell and 3D and the clay animation technique. A trend like this suggests that TV character animation advertising items will continue to increase in line with the participation level of targets. In the meantime, personal and animal characters will continue to make the leading character pattern, while virtual and composite character patterns emerge in new forms. In expression techniques, live action combined with 30 technique and techniques using new expression materials will appear with cell animation technique as a central figure. As a whole, Korean character animation advertisement is expected to keep on growing to a new dimension in the aspect of items, character patterns and expression technique.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.5 s.67
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• pp.203-212
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• 2006

With interests and participation in the costumeplay that mimics characters appeared on carton or animation in recent days, the costumeplay becomes one of cultural phenomena. Using a qualitative research method, this study identified costumeplayers' costume consumption pattern and explored its meanings from the perspective of consumption culture. Indeed, this study intended to help for understanding costumeplayer group as a consumer, and to provide basic knowledge about new market analysis related to fashion design and marketing. The results from the analyzing participant observation and in-depth interviews data are as follows: first, costumeplayers usually begin costumeplay by friends' invitations or by themselves and then continue on participating. Through the costumeplay, participants have benefits such as fun, departure from the daily life, and social interaction. Second, participants acquire costumes through purchase, rent, producing or combination of daily wear, but both purchase and rent account high. Third, the meanings of consumption culture in costumeplay include consumption behavior repeating possession and disposal. Also, costumeplayers concerns efficiency when purchasing or renting the costumes, and internet is a place where information search, comparison, and actual purchasing are occurred. Based on the results, fashion design and marketing implication, limitation of this study and further research ideas were suggested.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-73
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• 2000

The equilibrium network design problem can be formulated as a mathematical Program with variational inequality constraints. We know this problem may have may multiple local solutions due to its inherent characteristics - Nonlinear Objective function and Nonlinear, Nonconvex constraints. Hence, it is difficult to solve for a globally optimal solution. In this paper, we propose a genetic algorithm to obtain a globa1 optimum among many local optima. A Proposed a1gorithm is compared with 4 different solution algorithms for 1 small test network and 1 real-size network. The results of some computational testing are reported.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2024

The phase-type, PH, distribution is defined as the time to absorption into a terminal state in a continuous-time Markov chain. As the PH distribution includes family of exponential distributions, it has been widely used in stochastic models. Since the PH distribution is represented and generated by an initial probability vector and a generator matrix which is called the Markovian representation, we need to find a vector and a matrix that are consistent with given set of moments if we want simulate a PH distribution. In this paper, we propose an approach to simulate a PH distribution based on distribution function which can be obtained directly from moments. For the simulation of PH distribution of order 2, closed-form formula and streamlined procedures are given based on the Jordan decomposition and the minimal Laplace transform which is computationally more efficient than the moment matching methods for the Markovian representation. Our approach can be used more effectively than the Markovian representation in generating higher order PH distribution in queueing network simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.365-372
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• 2024

To analyze the image quality and disinfection effectiveness of alcohol gel application in ultrasound scans, we varied the application of alcohol gels with different alcohol content from ultrasound gels. The image quality analysis compared the Dead zone, axial and lateral resolution, sensitivity, and gray scale changes using the ATS-539 phantom, while the disinfection effectiveness analysis was performed by swabbing the three cover faces of convex probe used in clinical practice, collecting specimens and enrichment culture them for 24 hours before identification with Gram stain. image quality analysis showed that all items, regardless of the alcohol content, produced images that were not different from the ultrasonic gel application images, and pathogens such as staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus, and enterococcus were detected on all probes, and all were extinction by the application of alcohol gel. The application of alcohol gel during ultrasound examination was meaningful in terms of image quality maintenance and disinfection effect, and if the results of this study are further studied and commercialized, the application of alcohol gel as an alternative to ultrasound gel will be very useful in clinical examinations because it can consider not only image quality but also infection prevention.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.584-587
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• 2007

PCS를 비롯하여 WLAN, DMB, W-CDMA, UWB 등의 무선통신 서비스가 증가함에 따라 안테나 동작 대역폭의 광대역화가 더욱 요구된다. 1/4 파장 선형 모노폴 안테나는 구조가 간단하고 전방향성을 갖는 복사특성으로 인하여 가장 널리 사용되는 안테나 중의 하나이다. 모노폴 안테나의 광대역화를 위해서 일반적으로 원통의 직경을 증가시키는 방법을 사용하지만, 평면 모노폴에 적용된 스텝 기법을 적용하여 광대역 특성을 얻을 수 있다. 그러나 스텝 모노폴 자체는 광대역 특성을 나타내지 않으며, 접지면에서도 일정 형태의 스텝 돌출부위가 필요하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 그라운드면의 볼록 계단 구조가 모노폴 안테나의 대역 특성에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 최적의 안테나 급전구조를 도출하고자 한다. 결과의 검증을 위해서 소프트웨어 시물레이션 및 측정결과를 제시한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.225-226
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• 2006