• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.465-475
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• 2016

The diurnal and semidiurnal tides in the global atmosphere are examined using 3-hourly geopotential height field of the state-of-the-art reanalysis data. Unlike the previous studies, the spatial structure and seasonality of those tides are analyzed from the surface of the earth to the stratosphere. It is found that, at most levels, diurnal tide is strong in the midlatitudes while semidiurnal tide is predominant in the tropics. The former shows strong seasonal cycle with a larger amplitude in summer than in winter in both hemispheres. This is different from the semidiurnal tide which has essentially no seasonal cycle. In term of the vertical structure, while semidiurnal tide has a barotropic structure, diurnal tide exhibits a distinct vertical structure with increased amplitude and height. Especially tropical diurnal tide exhibits a nearly opposite phase from the surface to the free troposphere, and to the upper stratosphere. Its amplitude also varies nonlinearly with height, possibly influenced by water vapor, ozone, gravity waves and solar radiation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.1 s.104
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• pp.74-80
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• 2006

This paper presents the characteristics of electromagnetic field uniformity in a reverberation chamber that can be used alternatively for the analysis, test and evaluation of electromagnetic interference and immunity. The dual-band diffuser, which can be used at two different frequency bands in a reverberation chamber, is applied, and it is made of two different single-band Schroeder's Quadratic Residue Diffusers. The FDTD method is used to analyze the field characteristics. Compared with single-band diffuser, the dual-band diffuser shows the improvement in not only expansion of test frequency band but also in characteristics of the field uniformity, polarity, power efficiency, and tolerance. Therefore, the reverberation chamber with the dual-band diffuser is a better facility, for the analysis and measurement of electromagnetic interference and immunity, than the reverberation chamber with a single-band diffuser.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.69-78
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• 1999

In this paper, direct conversion receiver was designed to even harmonic anti-paralled diode pair ring mixer. Using a second harmonic component of LO instead of LO signal and RF signal are mixed by SHP(Sub Harmonic Pumped) mixer with anti-parallel diode pair. Canceling the harmonics of LO signal in ring mixer, SHP mixer using anti-parallel diode pair could mostly reduce the radiation of LO signal through a input port the most, good isolation characteristic, and low spurious characteristic by LO signal was shown over broad band. The produced SHP mixer showed LO/IF, RF/IF and LO/RF isolation was 24.6dB,36.2dB and 22.5dB respectively. And conversion loss was measured 15.6dB, IF output -35.6dBm with -20dBm RF input and 5.5dBm LO signal. 1dB compression point of If signal, in respect to RF signal, was found at the 0dbm RF signal.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.623-632
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• 2013

Electromagnetic topology simplifies a complex analysis area in accordance with electromagnetic coupling. And then electromagnetic topology divides the simplified continuous area into sub-areas and analyzes electromagnetic problems at the sub-areas. Therefore electromagnetic topology has a merit to analyze the electromagnetic coupling in large and complex systems, however simplified modeling technique can generate large errors. In this paper, power balance method is used to estimate errors and subdivide junctions in the electromagnetic topology. The method is applied to analyze conducted and radiated electromagnetic coupling in two kinds of cavity models. Improvement of accuracy was accomplished in accordance with junction subdivision. Moreover we could save computation time and memory comparing with FDTD results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.257-267
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• 2001

This paper presents a design for a single-layer feeder waveguide array using $\pi$-junctions with the inductive wall. The feed structure consists of a single waveguide placed on the same layer as radiating waveguide and is characterized by the unit divider, called a $\pi$-junction. This $\pi$-junction with an inductive wall splits part of the power into two branchs waveguide through one coupling window, and can excite densely arrayed waveguide at equal phase and amplitude. The power dividing characteristics of the cascade of $\pi$ -junctions are analyzed by Galerkin's method of moments. The numerical results show reasonable agreement with the experimental results. From the optimum simulation results based on the feeder waveguide using $\pi$-junction, we obtained the scattering matrices of the feeder divided power at 3.95 GHz.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.631-638
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• 2009

In this paper, a wide-band monopole antenna for use in PCS/WDCMA/Wivro/S-DMB(1.750${\sim}$2.655 GHz) band is presented. The presented antenna is a trapezoidal monopole antenna which has back-side patch and improves the bandwidth. To confirm the wide-band characteristics and radiation pattern of presented antenna, the experimental antenna is fabricated and its radiation characteristics are measured, compared with calculated results. It is shown that the designed antenna has VSWR less than 1.5, gain over 2 dBi in 1.73${\sim}$3.48 GHz. The measured results show good agreement with calculated results. From the result, we confirm that the designed antenna can be used indoor antenna for PCS/WCDMA/WiBro/S-DMB.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.46-54
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• 1994

In this paper, an analysis and design method is proposed, which is to improve the directivity of microstrip array antennas conformed to a cylindrical surface. In the case of forming an arc-array in the circumferential direction on a circula-cylinder surface, the circular-cylinder can be approximated to a polygonal-pillar and on each pillar-planes the sub-arrays, Dolph-Tschebyscheff array and uniform array with a beam steered in the desired direction, would make a sharp directivity for the total cylin- drical array antenna. And the radiation pattern according to the type of its sub arrays is analyzed and compared using the cylindrical-cavity codel. A cylindrical microstrip array antenna, with 12 elements and uniform arra as a sub-array which have an equal distance$\lambda_0$/2between the elements, is manufactured and conformed to a cylinder with radius of 6 The measured data of side lobe level, HPBW and FNBW are - 13dB, $9^{\circ}$, and $15{\circ}$, ,respectively. This result shows a good improvement on the directivity comparing with a linear array.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.245-250
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• 2014

This paper presents the broadband printed sleeve-monopole antenna implementing the sleeve monopole structure in the form of PCB. In the proposed antenna, the antenna performance was improved by the diameter variation of the radiator, the length variation of the sleeve, and the variation of the diameter of the sleeve conductor. HFSS simulator of ANSYS corp. was used in order to confirm the antenna parameter characteristic. According to the simulation results, the VSWR was less than 2 for the range of 2.12GHz~3.18GHz. The frequency bandwidth is 1.08GHz. The frequency range of the actual fabricated antenna was 2.0GHz~3.55GHz, the frequency bandwidth is 1.55GHz. The maximum gain was 1.64dBi. The proposed antenna was $56{\times}5{\times}1.6mm$ in size. The utilization possibility of the broadband printed sleeve-monopole antenna could be confirmed according to compare and analyze the simulation and measurement data.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.3 s.94
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• pp.311-318
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• 2005

Periodically perforated slot structure in the upper wall of the parallel plate waveguide is analyzed with main interest focusing on the diffraction Properties. The Periodic slot array is of infinite extent in one direction and of finite extent in the other direction. Various numerical results for reflection from the slotted section and transmission beyond the slotted section, and the radiation through the slotted section into the upper half space are presented with the height of feeding parallel plate waveguide, single slot size, and the periodicity between slots as parameters. This study is thought to be helpful to the design of the ventilation hole in the TFT-LCD and PDP.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.263-270
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• 2008

In this paper, we investigated EMI(electromagnetic interference) reduction by conductor connection, which was used for fixing and electrical grounding between frames. Conductor connects two frames and then it provides the decrease of return path of signal current. To prove the effect of conductor, we measured/simulated the RE(radiated emission) with/without conductors between the two frames. From the measured/simulated results, we observed that EMI decreased about 1$\sim$10 dB at the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 GHz. VNA(vector network analyzer) was used to measure the S parameters and the RE was measured in a 3 m anechoic chamber. The simulated and measured results are compared and discussed.