• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-81
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• 1998

The author exprienced a case of glycogen storage disease type Ia(GSD-I) in an 18-year-old male patient who was admitted to our hospital due to proteinuria and hypertension. he was suspected to have GSD when 12 years old because of his family history of short stature and hepatomegaly. On admission, physical examination revealed short stature, heparomegaly, and The diagnosis of GSD-I was confirmed by compatible liver biopsy finding and enzyme assay which erealeddeficiency of glcose-6-phosphatase if hepatocyte. Sympromatic treatment was done using antihypertensive drugs and allopurinol with diet control. The authors report a case of glycogen storage disease type Ia completely confirmed by typical clinical manifestation, pathologic findings of the liver and the kidney, and the result of enzyme assay which revealed deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatase in hepatocytes with brief review fo related literatures.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.56-59
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• 2005

Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in early childhood and characterized by periodic colicky abdominal pain or irritability, vomiting, current jelly stool, and sausage-like abdominal mass. Meckel's diverticulum is common intestinal anomaly presenting with painless rectal bleeding during first 2 year of age. It is recognized as a common leading point of intussusception in childhood. Hematemesis is the rare clinical manifestation of both intussusception and Meckel's diverticulum. A 7-year-old girl presented with hematemesis was diagnosed as having intussusception by abdominal ultrasonography. Meckel's diverticulum was the leading point of intussusception in this case.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.120-124
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• 1998

The incidence of Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) in premature infants is rare, the presentation is not typical, and the diagnosis delayed due to uncertain diagnostic criteria in abdominal ultrasonography (US). We report two premature infants with HPS diagnosed by US and upper gastrointestinal (UGI) contrast study. Patient 1. A premature female infant (birth weight 1950 gm at 34 week's gestation) with the onset of intermittent vomiting at 9 days of age was evaluated. US was normal at 13 days of life, however, abnormal at 41 days of life (pyloric muscle length 16.5 mm). Patient 2. A premature male infant (birth weight 1470 gm at 29 week's gestation) with the onset of intermittent vomiting at 10 days of age was evaluated. US showed pylorospasm at 11 days of life, however, findings compatible with HPS at 57 days of life (pyloric muscle thickness 11 mm). UGI contrast study at 48 days of life showed similar findings in both cases. Both patients had undergone pyloromyotomy. In conclusion, the diagnosis of HPS in premature infants requires careful follow-up by US and UGI contrast study.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.211-214
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• 2007

An lumbar hernia is a rare clinical disease entity thatarises from the superior or inferior lumbar triangle and presents as a reducible protruding mass in the flank region between twelfth rib and the iliac crest. There are two classifications one classification is a congenital or acquired hernia according to the occurrence timing and the other classification is a superior (Grynfeltt-Lesshaft hernia) or inferior (Petit's hernia) lumbar hernia according to the anatomical location. Approximately 10% of all lumbar hernias are congenital and the vast majority of them are unilateral. We report here a case of a congenital lumbar hernia through the superior lumbar triangle of Grynfeltt-Lesshaft without any other congenital anomalies or complications in a four-month-old male. It was treated successfully with a surgical repair.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.637-642
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• 2021

Kidney stones are largely classified into kidney stones, ureter stones, and urolithiasis depending on the location of their occurrence. Therefore, in this study, from January 2019 to June 2021, kidney stones found in 112 patients with flank pain or who visited for abdominal ultrasonography at a general hospital located in Daegu were diagnosed with urolithiasis. We wanted to investigate the effect on twinkling artifacts. As a result of the study, the incidence of twinkling artifacts due to kidney stones was relatively high in the longitudinal scan among the scan methods. As the number of kidney stones increased, the incidence of twinkling artifacts increased by 1.296 times (p<0.05). As the kidney stone size increased, the incidence of twinkling artifacts increased by 0.086-fold (p<0.05). It was found that the number and size of kidney stones are factors affecting twinkling artifacts. Since the effect of kidney stones on twinkling artifacts is related to the number and size of kidney stones, continuous attention should be paid to helping the detection of kidney stones by using variables affecting twinkling artifacts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1057-1065
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• 2023

Non-invasive liver fibrosis diagnosis is crucial for patients with chronic liver diseases. Many patients cannot undergo liver tissue biopsy, so predicting the degree of liver fibrosis early through meaningful methods can reduce complications related to chronic liver diseases, such as liver cell carcinoma and cirrhosis. This study compared and analyzed the quantitative measurement of liver fibrosis using shear wave elastography in conjunction with liver ultrasound findings and their associations with serum biomarkers (p<0.05). The results showed that the shear wave elastography measurement in the normal group was 4.55 ± 0.69 kPa, while the abnormal contrast group with echogenic patterns had a measurement of 8.27 ± 1.83 kPa. The hepatitis B carrier group exhibited higher shear wave elastography measurements, and among serum biomarkers, AST, ALT, GGT, and PT showed statistically significant positive correlations with fibrosis severity according to SWE categories (p<0.05), while ALP and TB did not demonstrate statistically significant differences (p=0.163, p=0.567). Conversely, Albumin and PLT showed significant negative correlations (p<0.05). Clinically, utilizing shear wave elastography measurements through liver ultrasound in the tracking and repeat testing of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients without cirrhosis can assist in achieving more objective diagnoses among healthcare providers.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2013

Core muscle is the most crucial for rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal and nervous problem, there is pain, imbalance and functional movement disorder of upper and lower extremities. In this study, low-frequency electrical stimulator was developed for the purpose increasing the activity of rectus abdominis (RA) and the thickness of transverse abdominis (TrA), internal obliquus abdominis (IO), and external obliquus abdominis (EO). Fifteen female in their 20's was divided into a experiment groups (traditional electrical stimulation group, developed electrical stimulation group) and control group. Low-frequency electrical stimulation was performed in experimental groups for 4 times a week, 4 weeks. The muscle activities (RA) by EMG and muscle thickness (TrA, IO, EO) by Ultrasonogrphy imaging were measured, respectively. In the result, the muscle activity of RA and muscle thickness of TrA and EO were significantly increased at developed electrical stimulation group (p<.05). Therefore, the developed low-frequency electrical stimulation is useful for rehabilitation with CNS and PNS subjects.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was perfonned to elucidate the clinical pictures of acute focal bacterial nephritis(nephronia) in children. Methods: We reviewed 9 children with nephronia diagnosed by ultrasonography or computed tomography of kidneys from September 1994 to August 2004. Results: The overall male to female ratio was 2:1, and the age distribution ranged from 0.1 to 6 years(mean $2.8{\pm}2.2$). The cardinal symptoms were fever, chills, abdominal pain and dysuria/frequency. The initial leukocyte count was $21,000{\pm}5,600/uL$, ESR $60{\pm}23mm/hr$, CRP $17{\pm}10\;mg/dl$. Pyuria was noted in every patient and persisted for $10.5{\pm}7.8$ days after antimicrobial treatment. Abdominal sonography demonstrated focal lesion of ill-defined margin and low echogenicity in 5 of 9 patients(55.6%), while computed tomography revealed nonenhancing low density area in all patients(100%). Three of 9 patients(33.3%) had vesicoureteral reflux, greater than grade III. The initial $^{99m}Tc-DMSA$ scan showed one or multiple cortical defects in every patient, and improvements were noted in 2(33.3%) of 6 patients who received follow up scan after 4 months. Intravenous antibiotics was given in every patient under admission. Total febrile period was $11.8{\pm}6.3$ days(pre-admission, $4.0{\pm}3.0;$ post-admission, $7.8{\pm}5.5$ days) and the patients needed hospitalization for $17.2{\pm}8.1$ days. Conclusion: For the early diagnosis of 'acute focal bacterial nephritis' we should perform renal computed tomography first rather than ultrasonography, when the child has toxic symptoms and severe inflammatory responses in blood and urine.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.303-306
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• 2014

Three Yorkshire Terriers (12-year-old, 13-year-old, and 15-year-old castrated males) with respiratory distress, coughing and anorexia were the subjects of this report. In laboratory examinations, there were no remarkable findings. However, the thoracic radiographic findings included a large mass of soft tissue density in the cardiac base region, tracheal elevation, and aortic bulging in all three Yorkshire Terriers. There were no remarkable findings in the abdominal radiographs. In echocardiography, a homogeneous hyperechoic mass around the aorta and bicuspid valve regurgitation were found in all three dogs. There were no remarkable findings in abdominal ultrasonography. Computed tomographic findings showed a large well -defined heterogeneous mass in the cranial vena cava, which was dominant in the left side in all three Yorkshire Terriers. The mass sizes were about $3{\times}4cm$. In post-contrast scanning, contrast enhancement was evident. These cases were diagnosed as heart-base tumor. Treatments provided to the three dogs were based on symptomatic medical management of cardiac failure and tracheal collapse. Case 1 (12-year-old) survived for 3 months, case 2 (13-year-old) for 5 months, and case 3 (15-year-old) for 32 months after the diagnosis. Our results show that the clinical findings, thoracic radiography, echocardiography, computed tomography (CT) and symptomatic medical management in dogs suspected to have heart base tumor.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.871-879
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analysis the correlation between kidneys function indicators and these size in ultrasonography. A total of 170 (male:86, female:84) patients of sex and age groups were examined by abdominal ultrasonography. The patients classified as those in their 20's, 30's, 40's, and over 50's. We measured the length, width, and cross-sectional height of the kidneys twice. At this time, the length of these were measured from the maximum upper to the maximum lower pole and the widest width in the same ultrasonography was measured to obtain the cross-sectional area. Other relevant indicators included body surface area, serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), MDRD (Modification of diet in renal disease) and C-G (Cockcroft-Gault). Significant comparisons of differences between relevant factors by age groups and sex were conducted with a one-way distribution analysis. Correlation analysis was also performed between relevant factors by using Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient. It was defined as meaningful when the p-value was less than 0.05. As a result, the length, the width, and the cross-sectional area of kidneys were correlated with GFR, C-G, MDRD. Therefore, it is expected that the accuracy of diagnosis of kidneys disease will be increased if the relevant indicators are evaluated together rather than measuring only length of these in ultrasonography.