• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2022

Earthenware horn cups with horse head decorations were excavated from Tomb No. 7 of Bokcheon-dong, Dongraegu, Busan Metropolitan City. Made of earth in the shape of a horn, these cups are considered to have been used to drink alcohol or beverage. Large numbers of earthenware horn cups of various shapes were excavated from tombs located in the old territories of Silla and Gaya. A pair of earthenware horn cups were excavated from Tomb No. 7, and the two cups are almost identical in overall shapes and manufacturing techniques despite different sizes. Conservation treatment was carried out for the bigger one of the two horn cups this time. There are two cracks toward the horse head decorations around the mouth with missing parts observed. The chest of the horse touches the ground with one side decorating the horse head and the other side facing the conical mouth of the horn cup. It is in the U shape, striking a balance based on two legs attached behind. The surface of the horn cup was made with a potter's wheel, and the connection to the horse head has traces of cutting and trimming. The horse head is expressed realistically with its features including the ears, eyes, nose, and mouth well apprehended and its color is grey This study intended to investigate manufacturing techniques of the artifact by examining its internal structure through the condition survey in a non-destructive way. CT imaging was used to figure out its manufacturing techniques and to diagnose its condition, and accordingly the scientific conservation treatment was conducted to stabilize the artifact. The precise diagnosis on conservation condition found that there are two chips in the spout with their cracks extended. One of the chips is connected with separation added to the crack. The material which has been used for connection in the past was collected for the infrared spectroscopic analysis, which was identified to be nitrocellulose resin for the connection. Therefore, this conservation treatment focused on removing the old material and preventing the spread of cracks. Before conservation treatment, the condition survey and scientific examination for the artifact were carried out to secure data about the earthenware horn cup with horse head decorations(Treasure). Based on them, effective plans for its conservation treatment was sought for and then existing adhesive was safely removed, and restoration material was selected to take into account its reversibility. In addition, the conservation treatment according to optimal methodologies was conducted through the consultation meeting with experts.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.52
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• pp.35-43
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• 1997

동굴내의 환경을 보존하는 측면에서는 자연상태 그대로가 좋겠으나 관광자원의 개발로 지역발전을 도모하기 위해서는 개방될 필요성이 있는 상보적 관계에 있다고 볼 수 있다. 따라서 철저한 안전진단을 통하여 개발되어져야 한다.(중략)

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.27
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• pp.39-56
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• 2022

The purpose of this project was to improve the stability of a pair of leather socks for use on snowy days in the collection of the National Museum of Korea (Namsan1567) by conducting conservation treatment and restoring the socks to their original form for use in research and exhibition. Leather socks are referred to in ancient documents with names combining the word "mal" for socks with a term indicating their material (e.g., pimal, meaning leather socks; nokpimal, meaning deer leather socks; jangpimal, meaning roe deer leather socks, or lipimal, meaning racoon dog leather socks) and are mentioned mostly in connection with Jeju Island. Related documents include the Seungjeongwon ilgi (Daily Record of the Grand Secretariat), Injaeilnok (Diary of Injae Jo Geukseon), and Hamel's Journal and a Description of the Kingdom of Joseon. Extant examples of ancient leather socks display the same form as beoseon (traditional Korean socks) and are made of either leather or a combination of leather and fabric. It is likely that such leather socks were worn on Jeju Island to protect the feet from the cold. A condition survey of the leather socks was first conducted to establish a plan for their conservation treatment. Since the socks were in rather poor condition, it was decided to identify their original form through an investigation of relics and pertinent previous studies. The socks were cleaned in consideration of results of the condition survey, and the missing parts around the necks of the socks were reinforced in a reversible manner using counting stitches with cloth dyed to match the original color. Since the bottoms of the socks had lost much of their original form due to deterioration and disintegration in the leather, supports were made and inserted inside the socks to help retain their shape. Through these processes, the structure and characteristics of the socks and the techniques used in their production could be analyzed, their condition was stabilized, and their original form was recovered.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2017

Studies were conducted on manufacturing techniques by applying microscopy and conservation treatments on the annals of Joseon dynasty storage box at the National Museum of Korea. The results revealed that lime tree wood(Tilla spp.) was used to make the annals of Joseon dynasty storage box. Lacquering techniques were used to coat the box with a layer of lacquer and bone ash and then cover it with traditional Korean paper. After being covered with traditional Korean paper, more layers were applied in the following sequence: mud ashes, black lacquer, pure lacquer, and black lacquer. Before conservation treatments, some components and lacquer layers were missing in addition wood joint were loose. Therefore, conservation and restoration should be conducted based on the identified wood and by observing the shape of the remaining components.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.192-214
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• 2023

Wooden architectural cultural heritages are one of the visible legacies that show the national's identity. Even when the concept of 'the original' of cultural heritages was not accurately understood, the emphasis of preservation and management of cultural heritages was placed on 'preservation of the original form' or 'maintenance of the original form'. Moreover, these days, following the trend of international preservation principles, cultural heritages are considered important as "values as historical objects." This paper is the result of an attempt to determine the scope and content of what parts should be monitored to maintain the original form of wooden architectural cultural heritage. The first thing to be done in monitoring wooden architectural cultural heritage is to check the condition of the ground and foundation. The second is the column. This is because the instability of the column causes damage to the joint with each member and the fitting part, resulting in physical changes leading to damage to the wall. The third is monitor the roof tiles. If the leak continues into the building due to the separation or damage of the roof, the defect should be partially dismantled and repaired, so it should be monitored to maintain its original shape as much as possible. The monitoring range of the base, column, and roof serves as a reference point for identifying what damage is being done to the relevant cultural heritages. In other words, the data at the time when monitoring began becomes the 'original' for the year. Alternatives based on the analysis of monitoring for the preservation of original cultural heritages should be actively introduced. In addition, by sharing the current state and situation of cultural heritages as a result of monitoring with various related organizations, preventive preservation should be established rather than preservation of cultural heritages by "intervention."

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.174-180
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• 2006

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.28
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• pp.1-16
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• 2022

Treatment was performed to conserve the Underwood Typewriter (Hangi 6863) from the collection of the National Hangeul Museum. Since the typewriter was presumably manufactured in the modern or contemporary era and bore patterns of damage such as component loss, corrosion, and paint loss, as well as being made of multiple materials, a condition survey and a scientific analysis were conducted ahead of the conservation treatment in order to carry out appropriate treatments for each material. The analysis confirmed that the typewriter was made of various materials including metal, paint, and rubber, and the conservation treatment was performed in the sequence of removal of contamination, reinforcement, and restoration under conditions where each material was stable. Conservation treatment was completed in a stable state by strengthening the layer of damaged paint and restoring the lost leg. These processes have enabled a better understanding of the materials and characteristics of typewriters manufactured in the early modern era, which is expected to provide basic data for typewriter conservation research to be conducted in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.367-374
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• 2000

본 연구는 지리산국립공원의 동부지역을 찾은 이용객의 이용 행태의 분석 및 중요도-성취도 분석방법을 통해 관리와 이용관련 속성들에 대한 중요 정도와 실제만족도 분석을 목적으로 수행되었다 이를 위해 이용객 직접기입 방식의 설문조사가 현지에서 실시되었다 총 254명이 본 설문조사에 참여하였으며 응답자들의 사회경제적 특성 및 방문특성은 다른 국립공원 이용객조사에 나타난 결과와 유사한 경향을 보였다 대부분의 응답자들은 최근 대두되고 있는 환경문제에 대해 높은 관심을 보였으며 이와 더불어 이용보다는 보전이 우선하는 국립공원 관리정책에 더 큰 관심을 나타냈다 각 관리 및 이용관련 속성에 대한 중요 정도와 만족도 결과는 수질의 상태 자연식생의 보존상태 공원 내 쓰레기 문제, 야생동물의 보호상태에 특히 높은 중요도를 나타냈으며 휴양.관광 프로그램의 다양성 여부와 야생동물의 보호상태에 대하여 상대적으로 낮은 만족도를 나타낸 것으로 조사되었다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.59-59
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• 2020

수국 '베레나 그린'의 줄기하단의 엽을 제거하고 5엽 상태에서 수돗물과 0.1% 크리잘 RVB에 각각 담가 4℃에서 24시간 물올림을 하고 물올림을 하고, 줄기를 60~70cm 길이로 끝을 대각선으로 절단하여 물올림용액을 채운 물 대롱을 끼운 다음 꽃을 보호하기 위한 비닐 슬리브를 씌워 유통용 종이상자에 담아 5±1℃ 냉장차로 국립원예특작과학원으로 운반하였으며, 절화수명 및 관련 특성분석을 위해 평가실로 옮기기 전까지 유통용 종이상자에 담긴 상태로 저온저장고(5±1℃)에 보관하였다. 보존용액에 따른 절화특성 조사를 위해 절화를 평가실에 전시하기 전에 절화의 줄기길이를 40cm로 맞춰 절단한 뒤에 보존용액을 800 mL 채운 플라스틱 화병에 꽃아 절화 화관끼리 서로 닿지 않도록 배치하였으며 22±2℃ 실내에서 절화수명을 조사하였다. 보존용액으로 4% 차아염소산나트륨 용액, 1% sucrose + 250 mg/L 8-hydroxquinoline + 100 mg/L citric acid로 이루어진 용액(HQ) 그리고 시중에서 수국 절화 보존제로 판매되는 크리잘 프로 II, III와 크리잘 clear 0.5% 용액을 사용하였다. 수돗물에 물올림하였을 때 보존용액인 0.5% 크리잘 프로 II에서는 33.8일, 0.5% 크리잘 프로 III에서는 27.7~33.5일, 크리잘 클리어는 33.7일, 차아염소산나트륨과 수돗물은 각각 26.2, 28.8일이었고, HQ 용액은 49.0일로 크리잘보다 15일, 수돗물보다 20일 절화수명이 연장되었다. 수국 '베레나 그린'의 보존용액으로 1% sucrose + 250 mg/L 8-hydroxquinoline + 100 mg/L citric acid를 사용하는 것이 관상기간을 연장하는 데 효과적이었다.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1009-1019
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• 2013

본 연구는 어업자원이 건강한 상태에 있는지 아니면 남획된 상태에 있는지를 판단하고, 현재 어업활동이 과도한지 아닌지를 판단하기 위한 간단하고 실용적인 방법을 개발하였다. 자원평가를 수행시에는 고가의 자료와 고도의 기술력이 요구되는 어려움이 있는데, 특히 소규모 어업과 다종어업에서 어려움이 더욱 심하다. 본 연구에서 개발된 방법은 어업자원의 구체적인 상태와 어업활동의 객관적인 상태를 고려해서 어업자원을 보존하고 어업활동을 규제할 수 있는 실용적이고 신뢰할 수 있는 방법이다. 예를 들어, 자원량과 어획사망률을 추정하는데 필요한 자료가 없거나, 추정할 수있는 과학적 능력이 부족한 경우에는, 자원량을 대용해서 단위노력당어획량을 사용하고 어획사망률을 대용해서 어획노력량 자료를 사용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 제시한 방법의 실현가능성과 유용성을 입증하기 위하여, 복수어종으로 집계된 어획량과 어획노력량 만으로 된 경우나 또는 개체군 특성치 정보와 체장자료 만이 이용 가능한 경우에 대해 적용하였다. 이 방법은 수산자원의 보존이라는 전지구적 목표를 달성하는데 있어서, 필요한 자원상태와 어업상태를 판단해서 어획활동을 규제하고 조정할 수 있는 유용한 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.