• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.12 no.3 s.46
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• pp.269-279
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• 2000

It is much expected that steel bridges, which have been damaged by increase of vehicle load and corrosion, need repair or strengthening. In this paper, the stress generated by repair welding under loading are analyzed by three dimensional elasto-plastic analyses. The longer and deeper repair weld line bocemes, the larger the magnitude of transient stress becomes. The magnitude of transient stress generated by repair welding under loading $({\sigma}_y/3,\;{\sigma}_a)$ is similar to summation of stresses generated by repair welding and loading. The longer repair weld line ratio(1/b) becomes, the larger the magnitude of transient stress generated by repair welding under loading bocomes. And, the longer repair weld line ratio(1/b) becomes, the larger the magnitude of in-plane displacement generated by repair welding under loading$({\sigma}_y/3,\;{\sigma}_a)$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.649-655
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• 2013

During welding, the dissimilar metal butt welds of nuclear piping are typically subjected to repair welding in order to eliminate defects that are found during post-weld inspection. It has been found that the repair weld can significantly increase the tensile residual stress in the weldment, and therefore, accurate estimation of the weld residual stress due to repair weld, especially for dissimilar metal welds using Ni-based alloy 82/182 in nuclear components, is of great importance in order to assess susceptibility to primary water stress corrosion cracking. In the present study, the stress distributions of dissimilar metal butt welds in nuclear reactor piping subjected to repair weld were investigated based on detailed nonlinear finite element analyses. Particular emphasis was placed on the variation of the stress distribution in the dissimilar metal butt weld according to the finite element welding analysis sequence for the repair welding process.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated the variations in welding residual stresses in dissimilar metal butt weld due to width of repair welding and re-distribution behaviors resulting from similar metal welding (SMW) and mechanical loading. To this end, detailed two-dimensional axi-symmetric finite element (FE) analyses were performed considering five different repair welding widths. Based on the FE results, we first evaluated the welding residual stress distributions in repair welding. We then investigated the re-distribution behaviors of the residual stresses due to SMW and mechanical loads. It is revealed that large tensile welding residual stresses take place in the inner surface and that its distribution is affected, provided repair welding width is larger than certain value. The welding residual stresses resulting from repair welding are remarkably reduced due to SMW and mechanical loading, regardless of the width of the repair welding.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.557-564
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• 2009

Welding residual stress is occurred after welding process. Tensile residual stress is one factor of PWSCC. Repair welding usually happened during the manufacturing welding process. Repair welds cause strong tensile residual stress. In PWR, Repair weldments made by Alloy 82/182 is susceptible to PWSCC caused by tensile stress, material and environment. Therefore, mitigation of welding residual stress in weldments is important for reliable operating. PWOL is one of the methods for mitigation and verified for over twenty years. In this paper, residual stress distribution of repaired weldments and the effect of PWOL on mitigation is examined for surge nozzle.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 1989

주철은 구조물 및 공업재료로써 오랫동안 사용되어 왔으나 이들 용접은 항상 어렵고 특별한 지 식과 기술을 계속 요구하고 있다. 최근 가격면에서 유리한 주철을 주강 및 단조품과 대체하여 사용이 증가하는 추세이다. 이는 주조공정의 고유한 유연성과 함께 합금설계, 주조기술 및 열처 리 분야에서 개선이 이루어지면서 가능해졌다. 이런 개발과 병행하여 주철을 용접할 필요성이 증가되었다. 옛날에는 용접의 어려움 때문에 주철용접은 제조중 생긴 주물결함 보수나 사용도중 생긴 균열에 대한 보수용접으로 국한되었다. 그러나 수년동안의 용접기술 개발과 금속학적인 영향에 대한 지식이 증대됨에 따라 주철끼리 또는 강과의 접합까지 용접의 범위가 넓어졌다. 본고에서는 주철용접을 이해하는데 필수적인 금속학적인 영향들에 대해 주철 종류별로 설명하고 이들을 용접하는데 있어 성공과 실패에 대한 이유등을 실례를 들어 기술하고자 한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.637-647
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• 2014

In pressurized water reactors, the upper head of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) contains numerous control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) nozzles. These nozzles are fabricated by welding after being inserted into the RPV head with a room temperature shrink fit. The tensile residual stresses caused by this welding are a major factor in primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC). Over the last 15 years, the incidences of cracking in alloy 600 CRDM nozzles have increased significantly. These cracks are caused by PWSCC and have been shown to be driven by the welding residual stresses and operational stresses in the weld region. Various measures are being sought to overcome these problems. The defects resulting from the welding process are often the cause of PWSCC acceleration. Therefore, any weld defects found in the RPV manufacturing process are immediately repaired by repair welding. Detailed finite-element simulations for the Korea Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessel were conducted in order to predict the magnitudes of the repair weld residual stresses in the tube materials.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.62-68
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• 2014

Composite repair methods besides welding methods such as surfacing and sleeve welding have been used as repair of damaged gas pipelines in foreign countries. Importance of safety management of city gas pipelines have been emphasized recently and our own repair manuals and codes for repair of city gas pipelines are required. It is right time to conduct research on the composite repair methods since the composite repair was introduced rather recently compared to the welding repair methods which have been investigated for long time. In this study, as a starting point of safety assessment of gas pipeline repaird by composite materials, structural analysis of gas pipeline repaired by carbon fiber composite materials was conducted using finite element analysis(FEA) method and the results was discussed.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2017

Of the marine engine components, the piston crown and exhaust valve are repaired most frequently. These works are conducted through conventional welding processes such as GTAW or SAW, domestically in marine engine repair factories. New high-efficiency welding or overlay processes such as tandem SAW, tandem MAG, hybrid TIG-MIG welding, pulsed-GMAW, CMT welding, and super TIG welding have been developed recently. Moreover, the plasma transfered arc (PTA) process is an efficient spray method for overlaying on the exhaust valve. In this review paper, the new high-efficiency repair welding methods are introduced for marine engine components. The problems due to repair welding for marine engine components are also presented.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.16 no.5 s.72
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• pp.555-564
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• 2004

Steel materials, which are normally used in bridge structures, are prone to corrosion and have thin plate structures. Steel bridges that have been damaged through increased vehicle load and corrosion are frequently expected to be strengthened. Repair or strengthening methods generally include cutting, bolting, and welding. The basic characteristics of stress and deformation behavior generated by cutting and welding in the course of the repair work, however, are not yet understood. It is difficult to say whether the safety of the structure after welding conforms with existing safety evaluation methods.Therefore, to gain confidence in the material and to guarantee the safety of the structure after welding, the stress generated by heat, through welding and cutting, was generalized. The effect of additional loads with respect to stress generated by heat was also investigated.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.41 no.11
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• pp.1021-1033
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• 2017

In this study, an optimum process to improve structural integrity was established by investigating effect of the process variables on fatigue lifetime of steel-sleeve repair welds in buried gas pipeline. Residual stresses in the repair welds were derived through sequentially-coupled temperature-stress analysis using ABAQUS, which is a commercial finite element analysis program. In addition, variations of operating stresses were derived by finite element linear elastic stress analysis. Fatigue lifetimes of the steel-sleeve repair welds were evaluated by substituting the derived weld residual stresses and operating stress variations into the structural stress/fracture mechanics approach as input. Parametric study using finite element analysis and fatigue assessment for various repair welding process variables were carried out to investigate the effects of the process variables on the fatigue lifetime. Finally, based on the effects of the process variables on the fatigue lifetime, an optimal process to minimize the welding time and economic costs and to improve the fatigue lifetimes was derived.