• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.69-93
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• 2014

The aim of this research was to develop a climate change vulnerability index at the district level (Si, Gun, Gu) with respect to the health care sector in Korea. The climate change vulnerability index was esimated based on the four major causes of climate-related illnesses : vector, flood, heat waves, and air pollution/allergies. The vulnerability assessment framework consists of six layers, all of which are based on the IPCC vulnerability concepts (exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity) and the pathway of direct and indirect impacts of climate change modulators on health. We collected proxy variables based on the conceptual framework of climate change vulnerability. Data were standardized using the min-max normalization method. We applied the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) weight and aggregated the variables using the non-compensatory multi-criteria approach. To verify the index, sensitivity analysis was conducted by using another aggregation method (geometric transformation method, which was applied to the index of multiple deprivation in the UK) and weight, calculated by the Budget Allocation method. The results showed that it would be possible to identify the vulnerable areas by applying the developed climate change vulnerability assessment index. The climate change vulnerability index could then be used as a valuable tool in setting climate change adaptation policies in the health care sector.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to improve the oral health after understanding the usage status of oral health items and to conduct active guidance for prohibition of smoking. The survey of 326 visitors for continuous oral health management in the dentist from April 2nd 2007 to May $20^{th}$ is accomplished. The data is handled from the SPSS 12.0 statistics program and we can get the results like below. 1. The number of people answering the usage of the smooth toothbrush is 64.5% which is higher in smoking peoples than in non-smoking ones (p < 0.001). Non-smoking people 61.4% answering '3 minutes more' per brushing their teeth is higher than smoking respondents. 2. The more used device is the interdental brush by non-smoking people 36.7% than smoking ones and the answer. 3. The percentage answering 'recommendation in the dentist' in the question about the motive using the oral health devices are nearly same in 69.6 % and 67.5% by non-smoking and smoking persons. The most reason not using these devices is 'don't know how to use this' and the number of smoking guys is 38.7% which is higher than that of non-smoking ones(p < 0.05). 4. The percentage of answering 'regular visiting the dentist', the method for oral health management is 28.3% in smoking parts and 35.3% in non-smoking ones which is slightly higher. From this study, the usage and the recognition of oral hygiene devices of the patient with smoking is a little bit lower than those of non-smoking patients and small difference is shown. So public relations of the effects and the necessity of the oral hygiene devices to all people have to be performed and the education and the activity prohibiting smoking are expanded by the dental hygienist based on the understanding of oral health when the patients are smoking or not.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.290-297
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare dental health status of South Korean adults, according to the control protocol of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). From the measurements of HbA1c levels of 4,991 individuals over the age of 19 who participated in the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the following conclusions were obtained. Glycated hemoglobin was 7.2% in the HbA1c ${\geq}6.6$ diabetic group and 5.9% in women and 8.5% in men. The ratio in the glucose non-control group was higher in the older age group, the lower average monthly household income group, and the lower education level group. Both the tissue health index and functioning teeth index indices were slightly higher in both men and women in the glucose control group. The tissue health index was higher in the younger age group, in the higher average monthly household income group, and in the higher education level group. The missing teeth (MT) index was greater among women (3.775 pieces) than among men (2.317 pieces) in the glucose non-control group. Higher age correlated with a greater number of MT, while higher income and education levels correlated with a lower number of MT. In conclusion, we will continue to provide counseling and education on oral health problems, thereby widening the awareness of the importance of oral health care and providing a variety of media and education methods related to medical and oral health that can manage diabetic patients according to the level of HbA1c It should be developed.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-30
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• 2003

This paper attempts to explore the effects of ecological and socioeconomic factors on the level of mortality and the changing trends of such effects during the period of 1990∼2000. For this purpose the population census data and micro-data from the vital statistics for years 1990, 1995 and 2000 were used. As indicators of mortality, the crude death rate(CDR), the standardized death rate(SDR) and the longevity rate were calculated for 170 'Si' s and 'Gun's. Using GIS, this paper first presents the mortality and longevity maps for years 1990, 1995 and 2000. Then ANOVA and regression analyses are carried out in an effort to generalize the effects of ecological and socioeconomic factors on the CDR, the SDR and the longevity rate. When the mortality and longevity maps are examined, three indices of mortality are found to be markedly high in the southwest coastal regions of Cholla-Nam-Do. By contrast, Seoul and Pusan metropolitan areas show substantially low level of mortality and longevity in these indices. It is also found that the regional differentials in the SDR and the longevity rate show a trend of becoming smaller after 1990. The research, however, does not find any linear relationship between the SDR and the longevity rate. The causal mechanisms of the two indices are found to be different. The results of the ANOVA and the regression analysis reveal that the locational factors of both mountainous and farming regions tend to increase the CDR and SDR while both coastal and farming regions disclose a tendency of increasing the longevity rate. The level of statistical significance of these analytical results is found to be weaker when socioeconomic factors such as education, income, marital status, availability of medical care, and sanitary conditions of the region are taken into account. The regional differentials in the mortality level seem to have a clear relationship not only with the socioeconomic factors but also with the age structure influenced by the age selectivity of migration during the past 40 years.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.216-224
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a community-based cancer patient management program (CBPCMP) which was collaborated between a hospice center and public health centers. Methods: The CBPCMP proceeded on four steps; 1) Signing agreements with three public health centers, 2) Enrolling the domiciliary terminal cancer patients, 3) Providing home hospice service, and 4) Inquiring patient's level of satisfaction. From February 1 to December 31 in 2009, 43 terminal cancer patients were referred and provided with home hospice service. The hospice team made a total of 605 visits. Medical records for each visit and data from satisfaction surveys were analyzed. Results: 76.7% of patients were older than 60 years, and 90.7% of the patients were alert. The level of functional status for 76.7% of patients rated as lower than ECOG grade 1. 62.8% of the patients or their caregivers signed hospice service agreements. On the initial evaluation, the most frequent reasons for referral were general weakness (86.0%), followed by anorexia (72.1%). Nurses visited the patients' most frequently (371 visits), followed by volunteers (216 visits). Nurses provided emotional support and health promotion counseling on 95.1% and 22.9% of visits, respectively. The mean satisfaction score rated by patients and their family was 4.45 out of 5. Conclusion: This study tested CBPCMP in collaboration with hospice centers and public health centers. CBPCMP showed a possibility to improve the quality of end of life care. To insure the quality care, however, the guidelines for home hospice service should be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.773-780
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• 2020

With the development of the 4th industrial, research is being conducted to prevent diseases and reduce damage in various fields of science and technology such as medicine, health, and bio. As a result, artificial intelligence technology has been introduced and researched for image analysis of radiological examinations. In this paper, we will directly apply a deep learning model for classification and detection of pneumonia using chest X-ray images, and evaluate whether the deep learning model of the Inception series is a useful model for detecting pneumonia. As the experimental material, a chest X-ray image data set provided and shared free of charge by Kaggle was used, and out of the total 3,470 chest X-ray image data, it was classified into 1,870 training data sets, 1,100 validation data sets, and 500 test data sets. I did. As a result of the experiment, the result of metric evaluation of the Inception V3 deep learning model was 94.80% for accuracy, 97.24% for precision, 94.00% for recall, and 95.59 for F1 score. In addition, the accuracy of the final epoch for Inception V3 deep learning modeling was 94.91% for learning modeling and 89.68% for verification modeling for pneumonia detection and classification of chest X-ray images. For the evaluation of the loss function value, the learning modeling was 1.127% and the validation modeling was 4.603%. As a result, it was evaluated that the Inception V3 deep learning model is a very excellent deep learning model in extracting and classifying features of chest image data, and its learning state is also very good. As a result of matrix accuracy evaluation for test modeling, the accuracy of 96% for normal chest X-ray image data and 97% for pneumonia chest X-ray image data was proven. The deep learning model of the Inception series is considered to be a useful deep learning model for classification of chest diseases, and it is expected that it can also play an auxiliary role of human resources, so it is considered that it will be a solution to the problem of insufficient medical personnel. In the future, this study is expected to be presented as basic data for similar studies in the case of similar studies on the diagnosis of pneumonia using deep learning.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.209-216
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• 2002

Background: Valvular heart disease is still the most common health problem in Korea. By the end of the year 1999, there has been 94,586 cases of open heart surgery since the first case in 1958. Among them, 36,247 cases were acquired heart diseases and 20,704 of those had valvular heart disease. But there was no database system and every surgeon and physician had great difficulties in analysing and utilizing those tremendous medical resources. Therefore, we developed a valve registry database program and utilize it for risk factor analysis and so on. Material and Method: Personal computer-based multiuser database program was created using Microsoft AccessTM. That consisted of relational database structure with fine-tuned compact field variables and server-client architecture. Simple graphic user interface showed easy-to-use accessability and comprehensibility. User-oriented modular structure enabled easier modification through native AccessTM functions. Infinite application of query function aided users to extract, summarize, analyse and report the study result promptly. Result: About three-thousand cases of valve replacement procedure were performed in our hospital from 1968 to 1999. Total number of prosthesis replaced was 3,700. The numbers of cases for mitral, aortic and tricuspid valve replacement were 1600, 584, 76, respectively. Among them, 700 patients received prosthesis in more than two positions. Bioprosthesis or mechanical prosthesis were used in 1,280 and 1,500 patients respectively Redo valve replacements were performed in 460 patients totally and 40 patients annually Conclusion: Database program for registry of valvular heart disease was successfully developed and used in personal computer-based multiuser environment. This revealed promising results and perspectives in database management and utilization system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.188-198
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of a smoking cessation coaching program based on the motivation stage applying the Transtheoretical Model to stop the smoking of patients in terms of the amount of smoking, nicotine dependence, CO level, and urine cotinine. The study design was a multi-repeat multiple repeat intermittent time series study with one-group, a pre-post design. The participants were 47 smoking patients (44 males and 3 females), who were treated at a public hospital in N city. The participants were 4 (8.51%) subjects in the action stage and 43 subjects (91.49%) in the preparation stage of the motivation stage. The coaching program intervention was conducted at the first day, second week, and 6th week. The smoking cessation maintenance of the subjects was checked at the 12th week. A chi-square test and t-test were used to analyze the data. The subjects in the action stage were kept under the condition of no smoking and nicotine dependence. After the program of subjects in the preparation stage, the amount of smoking, nicotine dependence, and CO level were significantly lower compared to the pre-test (p<.001). The findings suggest that the coaching program based on the motivation stage was effective in improving the smoking cessation for patients who smoke. On the other hand, the patients in the smoking cessation program may require much more financial assistance than those of healthy people. A greater workforce and budget will be needed for patients to stop smoking.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.153-159
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• 2007

To investigate requirements for the process of credit bank system in life-long education institutions attached to colleges, this research was conducted with seniors at the departments of dental hygiene and dental laboratory technology, in the health line of the specific College from March 26 to April 15, 2007, followed by analysis using an SPSS/WIN 12.0 program, obtaining the following results. 1. 89.7% of the respondents had a plan to take a bachelor's degree and 56.1% of whom had such a plan for the purpose of personal development (p<0.05). 2. 73.5% of the respondents preferred the credit bank system in a lifelong education institution attached to a college to take a bachelor's degree. 3. 34.8% presented the greatest advantage of taking a bachelor's degree through the credit bank system that they could take a degree in a short period of time while 33.8% presented the most serious disadvantage that they might low social recognition. 4. As for requirements for the process of operating the credit bank system, 80.3% regarded required subjects for the major as appropriate basic ones. 79.9% regarded it as proper that filling more than 20 credits made it possible to take a degree. 5. As directions for improving the system, it was found that the students was thinking that strict academic record management is needed, and the degrees from the system must be recognized equally to those in regular colleges, social awareness in those degrees should be enhanced, and also credits assigned to cultural subjects should be reduced, and the limitation in the number of credits being able to be obtained in one center should be removed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.304-313
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the communication competence and empathy abilities of dental hygiene students on their interpersonal relationship abilities. The subjects in this study were 578 students who majored in dental hygiene at five randomly selected colleges. Out of the colleges, three were located in North Chungcheong province, and one was located in the city of Daejeon. The other one was located in South Gyeongsang province. Data were gathered using structured questionnaires from April 1 to May 7, 2013. The major findings of the study were as follows: 1. The respondents got a mean of $3.23{\pm}0.49$, $85.80{\pm}10.12$ and $83.27{\pm}8.37$ in interpersonal relationship abilities, communication competence and empathy abilities respectively. 2. As for communication competence, empathy abilities and interpersonal relationship abilities by general characteristics, there were statistically significant differences according to age, academic year, clinical practice experience and satisfaction with major. 3. The relationship of communication competence and empathy abilities to interpersonal relationship abilities was analyzed, and interpersonal relationship abilities were found to have a strong significant positive correlation to communication competence, empathy abilities and the subfactors of the two. 4. As a result of analyzing which variables affected interpersonal relationship abilities, it's found that interpersonal relationship abilities were under the influence of age, clinical practice experience, communication competence, empathy abilities. These variables made a 57.2% prediction of interpersonal relationship abilities. The above-mentioned findings suggest that communication competence and empathy abilities exerted an influence on interpersonal relationship abilities. Therefore curriculums and educational programs should be developed in consideration of these variables to ensure the stable college lives and successful relationship building of dental hygiene students who are on the way to adulthood and will serve as health care personnels in the future.