• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.87-91
• /
• 2002

This study was designed to investigate the effects of Hijikia fusiforme (Harvey) Okamura ethanol extract on the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity of rat administered orally experimental diets for 6 weeks. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 100 g were divided into 4 groups; normal group (NOR), ethanol (35% ethanol 10 mL/kg b.w/day) treated group (CON), ethanol and Hijikia fusiforme ethanol extract 200 mg/kg (HE1) and 400 mg/kg (HE2) concomitantly treated group, respectively. Each group was examined for the growth rate, feed efficiency ratio (FER), activities of antioxidative enzymes and contents of TBARS and glutathione. Hijikia fusiforme ethanol extract showed increasing effects of the growth rate by 43%, and FER was gradually increased by Hijikia fusiforme ethanol extract treatment, compard with ethanol treatment. Ethanol elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase of rat liver markedly as compared to normal group, but those activities were significantly decreased in Hijikia fusiforme ethanol extract treatment by 56%, 38% and 25%, respectively. Xanthine oxidase activity elevated by ethanol was not affected by Hijikia fusiforme ethanol extract. The content of TBARS increased by ethanol treatment was signigicantly decreased in HE2, and the glutathione content depleted by ethanol treatment was increased by Hijikia fusiforme ethanol extract administration adjacent to normal level. These results suggest that Hijikia fusiforme ethanol extract is believed to be a possible protective effect for the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity of rat liver.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.425-435
• /
• 2016

In this paper, we propose a classification model by analyzing raw material images recorded using a color CCD camera to automatically classify good and defective agricultural products such as rice, coffee, and green tea, and raw materials. The current classifying agricultural products mainly depends on visual selection by skilled laborers. However, classification ability may drop owing to repeated labor for a long period of time. To resolve the problems of existing human dependant commercial products, we propose a vision based automatic raw material classification combining mean shift clustering and stepwise region merging algorithm. In this paper, the image is divided into N cluster regions by applying the mean-shift clustering algorithm to the foreground map image. Second, the representative regions among the N cluster regions are selected and stepwise region-merging method is applied to integrate similar cluster regions by comparing both color and positional proximity to neighboring regions. The merged raw material objects thereby are expressed in a 2D color distribution of RG, GB, and BR. Third, a threshold is used to detect good and defective products based on color distribution ellipse for merged material objects. From the results of carrying out an experiment with diverse raw material images using the proposed method, less artificial manipulation by the user is required compared to existing clustering and commercial methods, and classification accuracy on raw materials is improved.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.35-51
• /
• 2008

Comparative studies in Phase III clinical trials quite often involve two or more equally important endpoints, and one cannot select primary endpoint from them. O'Brien(1984) proposed for continuous endpoints the OLS and GLS statistics as milti-variate test statistics. Pocock et al. (1987) mentioned the possibility of analyzing a mixture of data types, such as quantitative, binary and survival data types, with the OLS and GLS statistics, but the authors did not explore problems in combining several endpoints of different types. Furthermore, they did not perform a simulation study to assess the efficiencies of the OLS and GLS statistics for endpoints of a mixture of data types. In this paper, we propose the combining methods of correlated P-values for the analysis of multiple endpoints, and compare the efficiencies of this method with those of OLS and GLS statistics for a mixture of data types with a simulation study. Among the several methods of combining P-values that are more advantageous than combining of OLS and GLS statistics, method B maintains nominal significance levels and is more efficient, while method F and G have type I error rates that are larger than the specified significance levels, which might occasionally lead to a wrong conclusion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.11
• /
• pp.1632-1638
• /
• 2012

The effects of combined treatment of aqueous $ClO_2$ and UV-C or electron beam irradiation on microbial growth and quality in chicon during storage at $4^{\circ}C$ were investigated. Samples were treated separately with 50 ppm of $ClO_2$, 5 kJ/$m^2$ of UV-C, 2, 5, 7, and 10 kGy of electron beam irradiation, as well as a combination of $ClO_2$ and UV-C or 2 kGy of electron beam irradiation. The populations of total aerobic bacteria as well as yeast and molds in the chicon samples were determined following each treatment. The populations of total aerobic bacteria in the chicon samples decreased by 1.49~2.92 log CFU/g following combined treatment of $ClO_2$ and UV-C irradiation compared to the control, whereas the populations of yeast and molds decreased by 1.63~1.78 log CFU/g. On the contrary, following combined treatment of $ClO_2$ and electron beam irradiation, the populations of total aerobic bacteria as well as yeast and molds in the chicon samples were undetectable during storage. Color measurements indicated that Hunter $L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$ values were not significantly different among the treatments during storage. These results suggest that combined treatment of $ClO_2$ and electron beam irradiation can be useful for improving microbiological safety in chicon during storage.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.8
• /
• pp.1233-1238
• /
• 2016

Combined treatment of chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) gas, mild heat, and fumaric acid was performed to reduce microbial growth and maintain quality of Citrus unshiu during storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Citrus unshiu fruits were treated with $ClO_2$ gas (15 or 30 ppmv), mild heat (40, 50, or $60^{\circ}C$), and fumaric acid (0.1, 0.3, or 0.5%). Combined treatment of 15 or 30 ppmv $ClO_2$ gas, $50^{\circ}C$ mild heat, and 0.5% fumaric acid reduced populations of inoculated Listeria monocytogenes by 3.5~3.7 log CFU/g. In addition, combined treatment decreased populations of yeast and molds in Citrus unshiu by 2.54 log CFU/g after 30-day storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Combined treatment also reduced the decay rate by 48% after 30 days of storage compared with the control. Total solid content, titratable acidity, and color values were not significantly affected by the combined treatment. Therefore, combined treatment of $ClO_2$ gas, mild heat, and fumaric acid can be a useful hurdle technology to improve microbial safety and quality of Citrus unshiu during storage.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.36S no.1
• /
• pp.70-80
• /
• 1999

In this paper, a new hierarchical image segmentation algorithm based on human visual system(HVS) characteristic is proposed which can efficiently reduce and control transmission information quantity without the degradation of the subjective and objective image quality. It consists of image segmentation based on mathematical morphology and region merging considering HVS characteristic for the pairs of two adjacent regions at each level of the hierarchy. Image segmentation is composed of 3-level hierarchical structure. In the region merging structure of each level, we extract the pairs of two adjacent regions which human vision can't discriminate, and then merge them. The proposed region merging method extracts pairs of two neighbor regions to be merged and performs region merging according to merging priority based on HVS characteristics. The merging priority for each adjacent pair is determined by the proposed merging priority function(MPF). First of all, the highest priority pair is merged. The information control factor is used to regulate the transmission information at each level. The proposed segmentation algorithm can efficiently improve bottleneck problem caused by excessive contour information at region-based very low bit rate coding. And it shows that it is more flexible structure than that of conventional method. In experimental results, though PSNR and the subjective image quality by the proposed algorithm is similar to that of conventional method, the contour information quantity to be transmitted is reduced considerably. Therefore it is an efficient image segmentation algorithm for region-based very low bit rate coding.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.27-39
• /
• 2019

In this study, thermal-alkali pre-treatment (THAP) optimal condition and co-digestion efficiency with THAP of the mixture food waste and sewage sludge were evaluated for improving the performances of co-digestion for mixed food waste and sewage sludge. The optimal condition of THAP was evaluated for solubilization COD, CST(Capillary Suction Time), TTF(Time to Filter), and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) with THAP temperature and NaOH concentration. In addition, the co-digestion of mixed food waste and sewage sludge were evaluated using biochemical methane potential (BMP) test. The optimal THAP reaction temperature and NaOH concentration of food waste and sewage sludge were $140^{\circ}C$ and 60 meq/L to solubilization COD over 20%, CST and TTF under 60sec and VFAs concentration over 12,000 mg-COD/L, respectively. The optimal condition of co-digestion of mixed food waste and sewage sludge equal to THAP condition. Therefore, it was determined that the optimal condition of THAP reaction temperature and NaOH concentration for co-digestion of mixed food waste and sewage sludge were $140^{\circ}C$ and 60 meq/L, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.12
• /
• pp.131-141
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare the effects on nursing students' knowledge, performance confidence, and skills from combined virtual IV simulator and mannequin arm IV cannulation training against training with a mannequin arm only. A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest experimental study was carried out. Ninety-three sophomore nursing students who were just beginning their fundamental skills training were recruited. Participants were divided into two groups (46 for the combined group and 47 for the mannequin-only group). Data were collected from March 18-29. For the experimental group, both virtual IV simulator and mannequin-arm training were provided for 30 minutes (15 minutes each). For the control group, training for 30 minutes with a mannequin arm only was provided. After intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the knowledge score between the two groups (F=2.52, p=.116). However, there was a significant improvement in performance confidence (t=2.14, p=.035) and nursing skills (t=5.34, p<.001) in the experimental group, compared with the control. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence that the combination of virtual IV simulator and mannequin arm training may further enhance nursing students' performance confidence and nursing skills.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.211-215
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 2개 이상의 지리 부호화된 영상병합 시 중복 영역의 연결 부분에서 발생하는 방사적 차이를 최소화하여 모자이크 접합선이 최소화하는 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 연구내용을 세부적으로 보면 초기 접합선 및 최적 접합선 탐색을 하는 접합선 추출 알고리즘 구현, 대상 영상의 전체적인 방사 값의 분포 특성을 정규화하는 전역 방사 보정을 위한 알고리즘 구현, 접합선을 자동 탐색하여 탐색된 접합선을 중심으로 단순 중복, 평균화, 블랜딩에 의한 모자이킹 알고리즘 구현이 본 연구의 핵심 내용이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
• /
• 1993.11a
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 1993

열병합 발전이란 한가지의 에너지원을 열원으로 하여 2가지 이상의 동력을 회수하는 방법을 말하며 회수에너지는 고급에너지인 전기가 주가 되고 이 때 발생되는 폐열은 회수하여 증기, 난방용 온수, 냉방용 냉수로 이용할 수 있어 총 효율이 70 ∼ 80%에 달하는 방식이다. 열병합 발전은 규모에 따라 목동열병합과 같은 쓰레기 소각로 이용형, 분당, 일산 등과 같이 지역난방과 연결할 수 있는 가스터빈, 증기터빈 조합형인 복합 열병합형의 대형열병합과 각 산업체 공장에서 전기 및 공장 Process 증기 생산을 주목적으로 하는 중형 열병합과, 조선호텔, 신라호텔, 상공회의소등과 같이 Hotel, 병원, 사무실 등에서 주로 이용하는 소형 열병합으로 분류할 수 있다. (중략)