• The Zoological Society Korea : Newsletter
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 2001

Perkinsus 속은 원생동물문에 속하며 현재 세계적으로 5종이 보고되고 있다. 이들은 모두 기생생물로 수산업적으로 매우 중요한 해산 패류에 막대한 피해를 입히고 있다. Perkinsus는 국내의 경우 1995년에 바지락에서 발견되었으며 일부 바지락 양식장에 있어 바지락 대량 폐사에 직, 간접적으로 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 국내에서 발견된 Perkinsus는 아직 정확한 분류학적 위치가 밝혀지지 않고 있으나 일본에서 발견된 종 및 유럽에서 발견된 Perkinsus atlanticus와 매우 유사한 종으로 간주된다 이 논단에서는 해산 연체동물에 기생하는 Perkinsus의 생활사, 조직병리학적 관찰, 생태적 특성 및 최근의 연구 동향 등을 보고하고자 한다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.5 no.4 s.20
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• pp.288-294
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• 2005

Purpose: Superficially spreading (SS) early gastric cancer (EGC) is characterized by wide horizontal extension without deep vertical invasion. It is a relatively rare form of EGC, and it's clinicopathological (C-P) characteristics are not evident. This study aimed to clarify their C-P characteristics. Materials and Methods: We defined SS EGC as invading less than the submucosal layer that measured more than 60 mm in diameter or wider than $5{\times}5cm \;(25cm^2)$ in width. The C-P characteristics and prognosis were compared between 69 patients with SS EGC and 319 patients with the common type EGC (EGC except SS type). Results: For SS EGC lymph node metastases, Lauren's diffuse type, lymphatic invasion were significantly higher than in common type EGC. In patients with SS EGC, all of the metastatic lymph nodes were anatomically distributed within the paragastric region, with fewer along the left gastric artery and common hepatic artery. In 6 cases of SS EGC with resection marqins less than 10 mm, there was no death during the follow-up period (4 to 13 years after operation) if margins were not involved. Age (>58 yrs), tumor site (upper 1/3), lymph node metastasis, submucosal invasion were statistically significant poor prognostic factor in univariate survival analysis. In multivariate survival analysis, age and lymph node metastasis were independent prognostic factors. However, tumor diameter or width was not a significant prognostic factor. Conclusion: Although SS EGC has histologically distinct properties, gastrectomy with free surgical margins and appropriate lymph node dissection $(D1+{\beta})$ could be a suitable treatment.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-22
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• 2000

Ten samples were collected from soft rotted ornamental foliage plants, that were cultivated in the vinyl-houses in Taejeon, Yeoju, Seongnam, Kimhae and Cheju during 1998 to 1999. Studies on morphological, cultural, physiological and pathological characteristics indicated that the bacteria from Begonia heimalis, Saintpaulia sp. and Clivia miniata were Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, E. carotovora subsp. carotovora the first description of bacteria which caused bacterial soft on Begonia heimalis, Saintpaulia sp., and Clivia miniata in Korea.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.51-69
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• 1996

본 실험은 촉진 및 호르몬 측정으로는 알기 힘든 난소의 정상 혹은 병리학적 형태 및 변화를 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험에서 도살장으로부터 채취된 난소 100개를 수침법으로 초음파 사진을 찍고 그 실제 단면과 비교하였다. 그리고, 홀스타인 50두에서 직장 벽을 통해 난소를 초음파로 관찰하여 난소의 정상 상태 및 병적 상태를 조사하였다. 이 기초 실험을 바탕으로 하여 홀스타인 소 1두를 과배란 처리하여 42일간 난소의 형태 및 변화를 직장 벽을 통해 초음파로 관찰하고 난포의 크기를 측정하였다. 수침법을 통한 난소의 관찰로 난포와 황체의 정상적 . 비정상적인 구조를 관찰할 수 있었고, 과배란 처리한 소 난소의 관찰로 난포와 황체의 능동적 상호작용을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.419-424
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• 2012

In addition to respiration, the nose performs three other major physiological functions-air-conditioning, filtering, and smelling. On the basis of our experience in experimental investigations of nasal airflows in normal and abnormal nasal cavity models, airflows in the normal model and three artificially deformed models, which simulate the results of surgical treatments (inferior turbinectomy), are investigated by PIV and CFD. The left cavities of all three models are normal, and the right cavities are modified as follows: (1) excision of the head of the inferior turbinate, (2) resection of the lower fifth of the inferior turbinate, and (3) resection of almost the entire inferior turbinate. The use of high-resolution CT data and careful surface rendering of three-dimensional computer models with the help of an ENT doctor provide more sophisticated nasal cavity models. Nasal airflows for both normal and deformed cases are also compared.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2005

Purpose: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs are positive for the expression of c-Kit protein at immunohistochemistry, and their clinical presentations vary. This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the clincopathologic characteristics of GISTs and to define the prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: 40 patients who underwent a complete resection of a GIST during the period $1996\~2003$ at the Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, were studied. We divided them into low- and high-risk. groups by using tumor size and mitotic count: 23 cases were low risk, and 17 were high risk. Clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical findings, and prognoses were compared between the low- and the high-risk groups. Results: The mean age of the 40 patients was $61.3\pm11.1$years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1：1.1. There was no significant difference in age and sex between the groups. A comparative analysis revealed tumor size, mitotic count, clinical symptoms, preoperative pathologic diagnosis, ulceration, and necrosis to be variables that had statistically significant differences between the high- and the low-risk groups. In the univariate analysis, tumor size, mitotic count, ulceration, necrosis, and abnormal endoscopic ultrasound findings were associated with disease-free survival, but in the multivariate analysis, mitotic activity was the only independent factor associated with disease-free survival. 8 patients had recurrences during the follow-up period, and four of them were treated with STI-571 (imatinib mesylate, $Gleevec^{(R)}$). The treated patients have survived until now; however, two of non-treated patients died from disease progression. Conclusion: Based on this study, tumor size, ulceration, and necrosis are significant factors affecting survival, and mitotic activity may be a useful prognostic marker. STI-571 may be used in an adjuvant setting because the drug has shown anticancer activity in patients with recurrence or metastasis.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.175-179
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• 2010

Purpose: Rotator cuff disease is the most common shoulder disease. Rotator cuff tear, which is related to cuff tendon degeneration, is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: Knowledge about the biology of the normal rotator cuff is fundamental to understanding the pathophysiology of and degenerative processes in rotator cuff tendon tears. Furthermore, such basic knowledge provides a rationale for and facilitates the development of treatment modalities. Results and Conclusion: Therefore, we reviewed the biology of the normal rotator cuff tendon, theories to explain the pathophysiology of rotator cuff tendon tear, and current research on apoptosis of rotator cuff tenofibroblasts.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 1983

1982년도 1월부터 12월 1년간 서울을 비롯한 전국 보건연구소, 검역소, 서울 시내 종합병원 임상병리실험실에서 수거한 가검물 및 분리한 세균 등 총 1,518건을 시험한 결과 이중 살모넬라균속이 687건이 동정되었다. 이중 441건이 장티푸스였으며 그외 살모넬라균이 246건이었다. 이에 대한 생화학적 특성, 혈청학적 특성, 지리적, 계절적, 성별에 대한 발생특성, 앰피실린 등 12가지 항생제에 대한 감수성 시험을 하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.27 no.1 s.88
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• pp.32-38
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• 1999

A Saprolegnia sp. was isolated from cultured snakehead, Channa argus, and its physiological characteristics were investigated. The optimum temperature, pH and NaCl concentration for mycelial growth of Saprolegnia sp. were $25^{\circ}C$, 6.0 and 0%, respectively. The mycelial growth was increased with the addition of 10 mM phosphate and 10mg/L casamino acid. The essential oils extracted from three plants, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Thuja orientalis and Chamaecyparis obtusa have been tested to know whether they inhibit the growth of Saprolegnia sp. at six different oil concentrations(10, 100, 500, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 ppm). Essential oil from A. princeps var. orientalis began to inhibite the mycelial growth of Saprolegnia sp. at the concentration more than 10ppm. Using other essential oils from T. orientalis and C. obtusa, those initially inhibited the mycelial growth of Saprolegnia sp. at the concentration over 10 ppm and complate inhibition of mycelial growth was observed at over 500 ppm. The histopathological features of Snakehead infected by Saprolegnia sp. were studied. A club shape of gill lamella epithelial cells was observed in the gill. The mycelial cells were penetrated into muscular tissue, and the accumulation of the ceroid was observed in the liver, spleen and kideny tissue in common. The necrosis of tubular epithelial cells was seen in the liver tissue, parenchymal tissue in the spleen and tubular epithelial cells in the kidney.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.213-218
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• 2004

Purpose: The superficial spreading type of early gastric cancer has different clinicopathologic features from other types of early gastric cancer in terms of its invasiveness and lymph-node metastases. Therefore, we attempted to elucidate the pathological features, surgical procedures and patients prognoses. Materials and Methods: Clinical information was reviewed for patients who had undergone a gastrectomy for gastric cancer during an 8-year period ($1995\~2002$) at Dankook University Hospital and Ulsan University, with an average follow-up of 48 months. Three hundred (300) superficial spreading lesions were analyzed with respect to macroscopic type, lymph-node (LN) metastasis, recurrent pattern, survival rate and method of surgical operation. In addition, the clinicopathological features of the superficial spreading type were compared with those of 739 other patients with small-sized cancer. Results: In both groups, the IIc-type macroscopic lesion, the elevated subtype to be more specific, occurred most frequently. There was no significant difference in the method of surgery between the groups. The submucosal invasion was $39.8\%$ in small-sized cancer, and $61.7\%$ in superficial spreading cancer (P=0.005). The incidence of LN metastasis was $11.3\%$ in early gastric cancer, $7.8\%$ in small-sized cancer and $20.0\%$ in superficial spreading cancer (P=0.005). The incidence of lymphatic invasion was $4.6\%$ in small-sized cancer and $13.0\%$ in superficial spreading cancer (P=0.009). The incidence of recurrence was $1.4\%$ in small-sized cancer and $3.6\%$ in superficial spreading cancer. The overall 5-year survival rate was $84.8\%$ in superficial spreading cancer and $93.0\%$ in small-sized cancer (P=0.052). The 5-year diseasefree survival rate was $94.7\%$ in superficial spreading cancer and $87.5\%$ in small-sized cancer (P=0.053). Conclusion: The superficial spreading type of early gastric cancer tends to be more invasive and to show a higher incidence of lymph-node metastasis than small-sized early gastric cancer. A wide resection with extensive lymph-node dissection seems to be an appropriate treatment for a superficial spreading type of early gastric cancer.