• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 1989

Two-dimensional large-amplitude motions in regular harmonic wave are treated in time domain, by satisfying the exact body boundary condition and the linear free surface condition. For the present numerical calculation, the method of free-surface spectral representation with simple source distribution on the instantaneous body surface has been extended to include the effect of the incident wave. Calculations of the wave exciting force are performed for a submerged circular cylinder fixed or oscillating with large amplitude. Especially, nonlinear effects on the time-mean forces are studied in detail. It is shown that relative motion between the body and the fluid particle gives a significant effect on the lift and drift forces. Also, large-amplitude motion of a submerged circular cylinder and that of a floating Lewis-form cylinder are directly simulated in time domain. In the calculation results, some nonlinear effects are shown.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.348-353
• /
• 2010

The scattered light of solar radiance near the infrared ray area was observed to measure $H_2O$ and $O_2$ absorption lines. The changes of $H_2O$ and $O_2$ equivalent width were calculated on the basis of the measurement. $O_2$ equivalent width showed negative correlation with the amount of solar radiance; $O_2$ equivalent width had a tendency to diminish as the amount of the solar radiance increased and to increase as the amount of the solar radiance decreased. On the other hand, $H_2O$ equivalent width showed the positive correlation with the amount of solar radiance. Especially it was noted that the sum of equivalent width of absorption lines created by $H_2O$ and $O_2$ in a day was fairly constant. It is implied that the constant equivalent width is caused by the complementary development of photodissociation and recombination in $O_2$ and $H_2O$.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.177-184
• /
• 2014

In this study, we investigated the variations in welding residual stresses in dissimilar metal butt weld due to width of repair welding and re-distribution behaviors resulting from similar metal welding (SMW) and mechanical loading. To this end, detailed two-dimensional axi-symmetric finite element (FE) analyses were performed considering five different repair welding widths. Based on the FE results, we first evaluated the welding residual stress distributions in repair welding. We then investigated the re-distribution behaviors of the residual stresses due to SMW and mechanical loads. It is revealed that large tensile welding residual stresses take place in the inner surface and that its distribution is affected, provided repair welding width is larger than certain value. The welding residual stresses resulting from repair welding are remarkably reduced due to SMW and mechanical loading, regardless of the width of the repair welding.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.12-16
• /
• 2003

This paper presents a compensation method for a temperature-dependent gain tilt in L-band erbium-doped fiber amplifier using a voltage-controlled attenuator. The gain tilts in the L-band of 1570-1605 nm due to a temperature change have negative slopes, whereas they have positive slopes for the increasing optical input powers in a saturation region. The proposed method utilizes these opposite gain variations to compensate for the gain tilt over a wide range of temperature. While applying forty channels with a channel spacing of 100 GHz in the L-band and changing the ambient temperature from 0 to $50^{\circ}C$, the compensation method maintained the gain deviation within 1 dB.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2012.05a
• /
• pp.686-686
• /
• 2012

일반적으로 첨두 홍수량 경감을 위하여 유역종합치수계획 등에서 많이 계획되고 있는 방수로는 방수로 종단에서의 방류 방식에 따라 크게 자기 완결 방식과 타 하천 또는 해양 방류 방식으로 구분할 수 있다. 일반적으로 타 하천 또는 해양 방류 방식을 방수로라 부르며, 홍수 방어의 대상이 되는 지역을 우회하여 다시 본천으로 합류하는 자기 완결 방식으로 계획되는 방수로 즉 홍수 방어용 수로를 분수로라 부른다. 방수로를 계획하는 경우 가장 중요한 것은 본류에서의 첨두 홍수량 분담이기 때문에 방수로로 유입되는 분류량을 정확히 예측하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 하지만 분수로의 경우 다시 본천으로 재합류하기 때문에 재합류되는 지역에서 본류의 유량이 다시 크게 증가하고, 합류점 상류에서 예상치 못한 홍수위의 상승이 발생할 가능성이 있다. 따라서 만약 합류부에서 유황에 대한 적절한 검토 없이 합류 지역을 설계하는 경우 예상치 못한 수위 상승 및 국부 유속 증가에 의한 홍수 피해가 발생할 가능성이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 분수로 형태의 방수로가 일정한 합류각을 가지고 본류로 합류하는 경우 본류에서의 유황 변화 및 수위 상승이 어떠한 형태로 나타나는지 실험을 통하여 검토하고자 하였다. 합류하는 분수로의 폭은 본수로의 폭이 에 대하여 0.50B, 0.75B, 1.00B가 되도록 하였으며, 합류각은 본류와 분수로 사이의 예각이 75도가 되도록 하였다. 이러한 수로 제원에 대하여 본류 유량 및 유입량을 다양하게 변화시켜 합류부에서의 수위 변화를 검토하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.205-208
• /
• 2013

The width dependence of Delta E has been studied by impedance resonance method in Fe-rich amorphous ribbon of as received state. It can be explained by single domain model include effective magnetic field $H_{eff}$ and demagnetization factor $N_d$. Wider width ribbon's effective is smaller than narrow it. Young's modulus also smaller than narrow width. These result well agreement in calculation. It has been also studied that linear magnetic field sensor using width dependence of Delta E under the field range 0 Oe~80 Oe. The sensitivity of the sensor was found to be 95 Hz/Oe.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.2374-2381
• /
• 2012

The aims of this study are to verify the effecting factors in evacuation behavior under the corridor and stair width variation in evacuation experiments at university education facilities. To achieve these purposes, the present conditions of university education facilities were analyzed, and the evacuation experiment settings were established under different width of corridor and stairs. After the experiments, we asked the effecting variables to the evacuation behaviors under the variation of corridor, stair width and density of evacuee. The results of this study are as follows ; First, we found 3 main factors which affecting the evacuation behaviors ; environmental factors on building conditions, psychological factors on evacuee's characteristics and personal factors on evacuee's physical conditions. Second, the environmental factors such as the location of stairs for evacuation, recognition of wayfinding in fire condition are mainly affects the evacuation behaviors, but evacuee behaviors have little relations with fire extinguishing facilities and personality.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2021.06a
• /
• pp.249-249
• /
• 2021

도시지역의 우수유출해석 모형인 SWMM 모형의 매개변수는 유역유출관련 매개변수와 우수관로 매개변수로 구분이 된다. 이중 우수관로내 수리거동에 영향을 대표적인 매개변수는 조도계수가 있다. 우수관로 조도계수는 우수관로의 규격 및 재료에 따라 적용범위가 제시되어 있지만 현상태 관로내 퇴적 및 협잡물 등에 의한 조도변화가 발생하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 우수관로 조도계수의 변화에 따른 유량의 민감도를 검토하고 모니터링 유량과 비교를 통한 연구 대상지역의 최적 조도계수를 선정하였다. 연구 대상지역은 울산광역시 삼호동 일대이며 대상지역 내 발생한 우수유출은 최종적으로 태화강으로 방류되는 구조를 갖고 있는 배수분구이다. 조도계수 민감도 분석에 적용한 조도계수의 범위는 일반적인 원형 우수관로의 조도계수 0.013을 기준으로 하고 0.002씩 증감을 시켜 총 6개 CASE에 대한 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 모의 유량의 비교군이 되는 관측 유량의 경우는 초음파 유량계로 관측한 총 3개 지점의 유량자료를 이용하여 민감도 분석에 활용하였다. 조도계수 민감도 분석결과 조도계수 증가에 따라 첨두유량은 감소하게 된다. 각 지점별 첨두유량 변화 폭은 지점 4, 5, 6에 각각 7.0% (-3.4~3.6%), 14.3% (-7.5~6.8%), 15.6% (-7.7~7.9%) 증감 폭을 갖는 것으로 분석되었으며, 유역의 하류부로 갈수록 변동 폭이 커지는 것으로 분석되었다. 시계열 수문곡선 비교결과 지점 4에서는 조도계수 0.011, 지점 5는 0.013, 지점 7은 0.015를 적용하는 것이 실측치와의 상관계수가 가장 높게 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다. 이상의 분석 결과를 토대로 유역의 관 흐름 상태의 변화는 관로의 퇴적, 부유물, 폐유부착 등의 유지관리 상태에 따라 달라지며 특히 유역의 하류부로 갈수록 퇴적, 부유물 등의 축척이 누적되어 조도계수를 상류부 보다 기준 값보다 크게 적용해야 관측치 유량과 유사하게 모의되는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 도시유출해석 모형에서의 조도계수 적용은 우수관로의 유지관리 상태 등을 고려하여 우수관로별 적용 값 다르게 입력하는 것이 타당한 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.59-65
• /
• 2007

Rapid variation of coastal ecosystem in the East Sea of Korea, such as fishery resource variation and subtropical chang of bentic flora, accordong to the global warming are actually noticed. In this study we try to identify the characterics of water mass existing in this coastal area and to consider the variation of their physical and chemical properties using data of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen obtained by National Fisheries Research & Development Institute from 1960 to 2005. The temperature of all water mass rise during last 45 years; the rise of North Korea Cold Water temperature (about $2.33^{\circ}C$) is 1.5 times higher than that of Tsushima warm water (about $1.6^{\circ}C$), and the temperature rise of Tsushima Surface Water, directly affected by climate chang is $2.57^{\circ}C$, higher than the atmospheric temperature rise during same period, indicating that subtropical change makes progress more rapidly in the coastal marine ecosystem than in the land ecosystem. Otherwise, the salinity in the surface water decrease $0.29\%_{\circ}$ during last 45 years due to the rising trend of rainfall with atmospheric temperature. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the all water mass make a decreasing trend. Specially for the North Korea Cold Water, the dissolved oxygen concentration diminish 0.021 mg/l per year and the decrease in the East Sea Proper Water indicate a change of inner water circulation system.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.152-156
• /
• 1999

We have developed the pulse-width variable Quenched Dye Laser (QDL). QDL consisted of the dye cell of 5 mm length containing a $2.5{\times}10^{-3}$[mol/l] solution of Rhodamine 6G and the cylindrical lens focal length of 150 mm and quenching mirror. QDL system was pumped by s XeCl excimer laser with 150 mJ pulse energy in a 20 ns pulse at 1 Hz repetition rate. Pulse-width of QDL was measured by a noncollinear intensity autocorrelator. The focused thckness was measured by changing the position of the focusing cylindrical lens. Pulse-width of QDL as a function of the focused thickness (273.0${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$~845.0${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) varied continuously from 86 ps to 201 ps.